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노인의 자녀와 동거희망과 지속거주희망에 영향을 미치는 요인 - 초고령노인기를 가정하여 -
곽인숙,Kwak, In-Suk 한국주거학회 2011 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.6
This study was conducted to guarantee elderly housing for the increasing number of elderly people over 85. It examined their preference of living with their children and continuously living in their current houses when they reach the age of 85. First, research shows that 69.8% of the elderly wish to live separately from their children in later years. Second, 61.9% of the elderly wish to continue to live in their current houses. Third, the elderly without a spouse, with lower levels of education and with a longer period of time in their current houses, prefer to live with their children. Fourth, the elderly who own a house, who have lived in their current house for a long time, who have a religion and who are satisfied with their houses, wish to continue to live in their current houses in later years. However, most of the houses have safety defects such as a difference of floor-level at the entryway, lack of gas and smoke detectors and slippery bathroom floors. Thus, the elderly need to be supported by providing proper housing renovations for their safety and wellbeing.
곽인숙,Kwak, In-Suk 한국가정관리학회 2009 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.27 No.6
This study is focused on the residential spaces that the elderly wish to renovate and their willingness to improve residential environment as they grow old. The analysis shows, first, the most inconvenient places as they grow old are the stairs, following by the toilet and the bath. Second, the place that the elderly most wish to renovate is the floor, upgrading floors with non-slippery materials. And they wish to remove the height differences on the floor to protect them from tripping over, upgrade the floor plan for their convenience and renovate the storage and working spaces at the kitchen and dining areas. The more the government supports the costs of the residential renovation service, the more the elderly are willing to use the renovation service. The factors influencing their willingness to residential renovation are health, residential environment, experience to accidents and their allowances. The elderly who experienced accidents inside their residence are more willing to renovate their house. Even though the elderly wish to renovate their houses, it's not carried out due to the financial difficulties and the lack of information. Thus, the government should share the useful information about residential renovation for the safety of the elderly and find a way to raise money to cover the costs of the renovation.
곽인숙 ( In Suk Kwak ),정성원 ( Sung Won Jung ),이진영 ( Jin Young Lee ),정미화 ( Mi Hwa Jung ),최영룡 ( Young Ryong Choi ),원임수 ( Rim Soo Won ),한태형 ( Tae Hyung Han ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.51 No.3
Background: Major burns can alter the pharmacokinetics of the commonly used drugs during the perioperative period. This study was carried out to define the pharmacokinetics of propofol in the burned patients during the subacute hyperdynamic phase of the injury. Methods: Twenty adults, aged 43.7 ± 2.3 years, with total body surface area burn of 44.0 ± 22.2%, were examined at 14.1 ± 2 days after the injury (mean ± SD). Age and sex gender matched unburned patients were used as controls. Propofol 2 mg/kg was given intravenously over 10 seconds as a single bolus in both groups. Blood samples (n = 20) were collectedat predetermined intervals. A noncompartmental approach was used for the pharmacokinetic analyses of the propofol concentrations, which were determined by HPLC. The cardiac index was measured by esophageal echocardiography. Results: The burns patients had a significantly higher cardiac index (CI). The clearance (CI) and total volume of distribution (Vd) of propofol were higher in the burns patients, compared with the controls, yielding a smaller area under the curve. The total half-life (t1/2) was similar in both groups. Conclusions: There is a large increase in Vd and CI in the burns patients compared to with the controls. The increased Cl in the burns patients is most likely to be related to the increased CI. Therefore, the initial bolus dose and maintenance infusion may have to be increased in the burns patients, provided the pharmacodynamic sensitivity is unaltered. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 285~91)
척추 경막외 병용 마취하에 인공 고관절 전치환술 중 발생한 저체온증
곽인숙 ( In Suk Kwak ),김광민 ( Kwang Min Kim ),장준동 ( Jun Dong Chang ) 대한고관절학회 2009 Hip and Pelvis Vol.21 No.2
인공 고관절 전치환수술은 하지수술로 부위마취가 선호되는데 이는 심부 정맥 혈전증, 폐색전증의 발생 빈도가 낮고 출혈 및 수혈양이 적고 술 후 통증조절이 용이한 장점을 가지고 있다. 수술 동안 발생되는 저체온은 척추 경막외 병용 마취하에서 냉감각 둔화의 기전으로 발생될 수 있다. 부위마취 동안 특히 노인환자에서는 체온조절과 보상능력이 생리적으로 적어 흔히 일어날 수 있다. 술 후도 저체온이 진행된다면 감염, 출혈, 심장손상, 떨림 같은 현상이 발생되어 좋치 않은 결과를 낳을 수 있다. 수술 중 저체온증에 대해 마취의 및 외과의는 항상 주의와 각성이 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. 본 증례는 척추 경막외 병용마취 하 인공관절 치환술 중에 발생한 저체온을 경험하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. In operations of the lower extremities in elderly patients, regional anesthesia is preferred over general anesthesia because regional anesthesia is associated with less deep vein thromboses, pulmonary emboli, bleeding, transfusion volume, and can better control post-operative pain. During surgery, a drop in core temperature frequently occurs. In elderly patients, temperature control and compensatory abilities are physiologically impaired. During induction of regional anesthesia, such as spinal anesthesia, elderly patients often do not complain of coldness, despite the decrease in the core temperature. Also, problems associated with hypothermia can easily be overlooked because anesthesiologists are less concerned about measuring the body temperature of patients than they are during induction of general anesthesia. Because perioperative hypothermia can cause various complications, such as infection, bleeding, cardiac injury, and shivering, closer attention is necessary. We report a case of hypothermia that developed during total hip arthroplasty under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.