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수치모델을 이용한 자동차 헤드램프 내부의 습기발생 현상 해석 연구
고만석(Manseok Ko),정영국(Youngguk Jung),조현석(Hyunseok Cho),신예원(Yewon Shin),서태범(Taebeom Seo) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.4
Increasing styling features for automotive headlamps speed up the focus of understanding condensation at inner surfaces. Water vapor condensation on the inside surface of the headlamp lens is an essential factor that affects secure front view and headlamp life. One of the headlamps of automobile which is one of the most popular in Korea was chosen for the present analysis. In the basis of the experimental data of automobile given by a manufacturer, boundary conditions were defined and free convection of the air inside the headlamp and radiation from the bulb to the other surfaces are considered. As a result, temperature distribution of the inside surface of the headlamp lens are approximately the same as the experimental result.
팬과 히트 싱크를 이용한 LED 전조등의 냉각성능 해석
고만석(Manseok Ko),이주한(Juhan Lee),오상준(Sangjune Oh),조현석(Hyenseok Cho),서태범(Teabeom Seo) 대한기계학회 2009 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.33 No.12
LED has the merits of high reliability, semi-permanent life, rapid-response and its small size for use as light source of head lamp. But the dependence of its performance and life on temperature affect on its practical use. Which dependence makes problem when the LED is heated up to a higher temperature level by self-generation of heat, due to “highly integration” to get enough quantity of light. To solve this problem, effective cooling system is needed that consider conduction, convection and radiation. This study points out the limits of natural convection cooling system and propose of forced convection with heat sink. Also, it describes a correlation between heat sink area and fluid velocity using numerical analysis to optimize the cooling system.
고만석(Manseok Ko),이주한(Juhan Lee),서태범(Teabeom Seo) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
LED Junction Temperature is related to it's performance and durability. Proper cooling system is needed to keep the temperature below proper operation condition, to use on LED head lamp. The present cooling system for LED head lamp is composed of heat sink and fan without consideration of fluid flow. This study point out the problem of present system by using numerical analysis and propose a method for improving the performance of cooling system, using flow guide. Therefore, the improved model shows that the junction temperature maintained under the proper operating condition.
Fan과 Heat Sink를 이용한 LED Head Lamp의 냉각성능해석
고만석(Manseok Ko),양승복(Seungbok Yang),이주한(Juhan Lee),강병도(Byungdo Kang),서태범(Taebum Seo) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.4
LED has the merits of High reliability, Semi-permanent life, rapid-response and its small size for use as light source of head lamp. But the dependence of its performance and life on temperature affect on its practical use. Which dependence makes problem when the LED is heated up to a higher temperature level by self-generation of heat, due to “highly integration” to get enough quantity of light. To solve this problem, effective cooling system is needed that consider conduction, convection and radiation. This study point out the limits of natural convection cooling system and propose of forced convection with heat sink. Also, describes a correlation between heat sink area and fluid velocity using numerical analysis to optimize of cooling system.
고만석(Man Suk Ko),정진국(Jin Kook Jung),이호형(Ho Hyung Lee),정병욱(Byoung Wook Jung),최호준(Ho Jun Choi),신승권(Seung Kwan Shin) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.8
목적: 42주 이상의 지연임신를 만삭임신과 비교하여 분만경과 주산기 예후등를 분석함으로써 주산기 사망률및 이환율 감소에 도움이 되고자 본연구를 시행하였다. 연구방법: 1993년 1월 1일부터 1997년 12월 31일 까지 본원 산부인과에서 분만한 16,992예 중 지연임신 360예 대하여 분만대장 및 의무기록를 검토하여 분석하였으며, 38주에서 42주에 만삭분만한 16,143예를 대조군으로 하였다. 결과: 총 16,992예의 분만 중 지연임신 빈도는 2.13%이였고 26-30세 군에서 189예(52.50%)로 가장 많았다. 태아곤란증의 빈도는 대조군에서 2.20%임에 반하여 지연임신군에서 10.28%로 약 4.67배 증가 하였으며 거대아의 빈도는 대조군에서 6.95%, 지연임신군에서 10.83%로 나타났으며 주산기 사망률은 대조군에서 0.27%, 지연임신군에서 1.67%로 지연임신군에서 6.20배의 높은 빈도를 보였다. 결론: 지연임신에서 주산기 예후가 좋지않으며 임신주수가 증가 할수록 주산기 예후는 좋지 않다. 그러므로 적절한 산전진찰을 통해 정확한 분만날짜를 결정하는 것이 중요하다. Objective ; The purpose of this study was to evaluate of course of delivery & perinatal outcomes for postterm pregnancy compared with fullterm pregnancy. Methods ; This study included 360 cases of postterm pregnancy out of 16,992 cases delivered at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1997. 16,143 cases of full term deliveries of 38 to 42 gestational weeks conducted in same period were used as the control group. Postterm pregnancy was defined as a pregnancy that it exceeds 295 days calculated from first day of the last menstrual period. Results ; The incidence of postterm pregnancy was 2.13% with the highest incidence occurring in the 26 ∼30 years age group. This study group was significantly different from the control group in the incidence of fetal distress (10.28% vs. 2.20%), large fetus (10.83% vs. 6.95%), perinatal death (1.67% vs. 0.27%). Conclusions ; Adverse perinatal outcomes were increased markedly as the gestational weeks to be prolonged. Therefore, careful prenatal care, accurate determination of delivery date is very important.
Interference of Union after the Use of Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Block in High Tibial Osteotomy
Man Seok Ko(고만석),Ju Seon Jeong(정주선),Dong Wook Jung(정동욱) 대한정형외과학회 2015 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.50 No.5
근위 경골 절골술은 최근 내반슬과 내측 구획 골관절염 치료에 흔히 시행되고 있는 치료 방법이다. 특히 열린 쐐기 근위 경골 절골술은 수술 술기가 쉽고, 신경과 혈관 손상이 적으며, 관절의 손상이 적어 자주 시행되고 있다. 열린 쐐기 근위 경골 절골술의 시행에 있어 골유합과 빈공간을 채우기 위하여 자가골 이식, 동종골 이식, 인산삼석회 같은 물질이 종종 쓰인다. 하지만 이 논문의 저자들은 인산삼석회 블럭을 이용한 근위경 골 절골술을 시행한 1년 후 발생한 불유합 2예를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a commonly used treatment for genu varum and medial compartment osteoarthritis. Recently open wedge HTO has been the preferred method due to its facilitated technique, fewer neurovascular and joint injuries, etc. In open wedge HTO materials such as autogenous, allogenous bone graft and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are used to help with bone union and have a role in filling in the empty space. However the authors of this study report on two cases of nonunion 1 year after HTO using TCP block.
폴리에틸렌 / 육티탄산칼륨 휘스커 복합재료에 의한 축전지격리막의 제조에 관한 연구
이완진,고만석,최병렬,조일훈 ( Wan Jin Lee,Man Seok Ko,Byung Ryul Choi,Il Hoon Cho ) 한국공업화학회 1998 공업화학 Vol.9 No.2
초고분자량폴리에틸렌(UHMWPE), 고밀도폴리에틸렌(HDPE), process oil(mineral oil) 및 육티탄산칼륨 섬유로 구성되는 입자혼합물을 150℃에서 30분 동안 용융 혼합하고, 동일온도 및 5000 psi의 조건으로 압축성형을 하여 200㎛ 두께의 격리막 시험편을 제조한 후, process oil을 유기용매로 추출하여 PE층 사이에 미세공을 형성시켰다. 본 실험에서 시험편은 고분자와 process oil의 비율(PR)이 0.1 이하에서는 고무상이 되고 0.5 이상에서는 gel상으로 변하기 때문에, PR의 범위를 0.1-0.5 사이로 하였다. 시험편은 비극성 유기용매로 추출한 경우거의 98%의 process oil이 추출되었으며, PR이 증가함에 따라 무게감소율은 감소하였다. 인장강도는 PR이 0.426인 경우 31kg/㎠을 보였으며, 전해전기저항 값은 PR이 0.186 및 0.426에서 37 mΩ/㎠과 53 mΩ/㎠ 이었다. 질소 흡-탈착법에 의한 등온선은 모세관 응축영역을 나타내는 hysteresis를 가졌으며, PR=0.186인 경우 130 ㎡/g의 비교적 큰 표면적을 나타내었다. 이는 SEM의 분석 결과와 마찬가지로 PE배향층 사이에 육티탄산칼륨 섬유가 무작위로 잘 분산되었음을 보여주는 결과이며, host인 PE층 사이에 guest인 육티탄산칼륨 섬유가 층간되어 층상공을 형성한다고 추론할 수 있다. The mixtures of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), process oil (mineral oil) and potassium hexatitanate whisker were melted and mixed at 150℃ for 30 min, and prepared by compression molding to the specimen of separator of about 200㎛ thickness at the same temperature and 5000 psi. Thereafter the pores were formed by extracting process oil with organic solvents. In this study, the range of PR (the ratio polymer to process oil) was varied from 0.1 to 0.5 because the specimen turned into rubbery phase at which PR was below 0.1 whereas it changed into gel phase at which PR was above 0.5. When the specimen was treated with nonpolar organic solvents, process oil was extracted nearly 98%. Tensile strengh was 31 kg/㎠ at PR = 0.426, and resistance of specimen was 37 mΩ/㎠ at PR = 0.186, and 53 mΩ/㎠ at PR = 0.426. The N₂adsorption-desorption isotherm showed a hysteresis representing regions of capillary condensation, and the surface area at PR = 0.186 was relatively large as 130 ㎠/g. Potassium hexatitanate whisker was randomly dispersed in between PE layers. It might be that the whisker is intercalated through the PE thin layers oriented by compression.