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강해지,Ki-Back Chu,Su-Hwa Lee,김민주,박현우,Hui Jin,Fu-Shi Quan 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.5
Toxoplasma gondii can infect humans worldwide, causing serious diseases in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. T. gondii rhoptry protein 13 (ROP13) is known as one of the key proteins involved in host cell invasion. In this study, we generated virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccine expressing T. gondii rhoptry ROP13 and investigated VLPs vaccine efficacy in mice. Mice immunized with ROP13 VLPs vaccine elicited significantly higher levels of T. gondii-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA antibody responses following boost immunization and challenge infection, whereas antibody inductions were insignificant upon prime immunization. Differing immunization routes resulted in differing antibody induction, as intranasal immunization (IN) induced greater antibody responses than intramuscular immunization (IM) after boost and challenge infection. IN immunization induced significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA antibody responses from feces, antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), CD4+ T, CD8+ T cells and germinal center B cell responses in the spleen compared to IM immunization. Compared to IM immunization, IN immunization resulted in significantly reduced cyst counts in the brain as well as lesser body weight loss, which contributed to better protection. All of the mice immunized through either route survived, whereas all naïve control mice perished. These results indicate that the ROP13 VLPs vaccine could be a potential vaccine candidate against T. gondii infection.
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The detection of Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infections in BALB/c mice using various techniques
강해지,Jie Mao,김민주,윤건웅,엄기덕,주기백,문은경,전복실 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.61 No.4
Toxoplasma gondii infections are primarily diagnosed by serological assays, whereas molecular and fluorescence-based techniques are garnering attention for their high sensitivity in detecting these infections. Nevertheless, each detection method has its limitations. The toxoplasmosis detection capabilities of most of the currently available methods have not been evaluated under identical experimental conditions. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic potential of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with various doses of T. gondii ME49. The detection of toxoplasmosis from sera and brain tissues was markedly enhanced in mice subjected to high infection doses (200 and 300 cysts) compared to those subjected to lower doses (10 and 50 cysts) for all the detection methods. Additionally, increased B1 gene expression levels and cyst sizes were observed in the brain tissues of the mice. Importantly, IHC, IF, and ELISA, but not RT-PCR, successfully detected T. gondii infections at the lowest infection dose (10 cysts) in the brain. These findings may prove beneficial while designing experimental methodologies for detecting T. gondii infections in mice.
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이동훈,주기백,강해지,이수화,전복실,Lee, Dong-Hun,Chu, Ki-Back,Kang, Hae-Ji,Lee, Su-Hwa,Quan, Fu-Shi Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2019 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.58 No.4
항생제의 오남용은 세균의 항생제 내성을 증가시켜 세균감염에 의한 질병 치료에 어려움을 초래한다. 본 연구에서는 동애등애유충으로부터 분리된 펩타이드의 신장에서의 폐렴간균 감염 억제 효능을 관찰하였다. 마우스는 비강을 통해 폐렴간균을 감염시키고 1일 후 펩타이드를 마우스에 근육 주사로 투여하였다. 10일 후 마우스를 희생하여 신장에서 세균 감염증을 조사하였다. 대조군에 비해 펩티드를 투여한 마우스의 신장에서 세균 감염증상, 몸무게의 감소가 유의하게 억제되었고 생존률이 농도 의존적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 동애등애로부터 분리된 펩타이드가 폐렴 간균의 신장에서의 감염증상을 억제할 수 있음을 보여준다. 따라서 동애등애로부터 분리된 펩타이드는 효과적인 항생제 개발에서 가능성 높은 후보물질이 될 수 있을 것이다. Overuse of antibiotics has significantly contributed to an increase in microbial antibiotic resistance, causing difficulties in the suppression of microbe-borne infectious diseases. In this study, we determined the anti-Klebsiella pneumoniae effect in the kidneys of mice induced by peptides isolated from H. illucens larvae. Mice were intranasally infected with a high dose of K. pneumoniae and 1 day later, peptides were introduced through the intramuscular route. Mice were sacrificed on day 10 upon K. pneumoniae infection to determine the bacterial loads in the kidneys. Mice receiving peptide treatment demonstrated significantly reduced bacterial loads, reduced bodyweight loss, and higher survival in a dose-dependent manner compared to control. These results indicate that peptide isolated from H. illucens larva inhibits K. pneumoniae infection in the kidney. The peptide from H. illucens larva could be a potential candidate for the development of an effective antibacterial drug.
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Previous Infection with Plasmodium berghei Confers Resistance to Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Mice
Dong-Hun Lee,Ki-Back Chu,강해지,Su-Hwa Lee,전복실 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.2
Both Plasmodium spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are important apicomplexan parasites, which infect humans worldwide. Genetic analyses have revealed that 33% of amino acid sequences of inner membrane complex from the ma- laria parasite Plasmodium berghei is similar to that of Toxoplasma gondii. Inner membrane complex is known to be in- volved in cell invasion and replication. In this study, we investigated the resistance against T. gondii (ME49) infection in- duced by previously infected P. berghei (ANKA) in mice. Levels of T. gondii-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody responses, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations were found higher in the mice infected with P. berghei (ANKA) and chal- lenged with T. gondii (ME49) compared to that in control mice infected with T. gondii alone (ME49). P. berghei (ANKA) + T. gondii (ME49) group showed significantly reduced the number and size of T. gondii (ME49) cysts in the brains of mice, re- sulting in lower body weight loss compared to ME49 control group. These results indicate that previous exposure to P. berghei (ANKA) induce resistance to subsequent T. gondii (ME49) infection.
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