월경천연자원 개발의 법규

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang) 한국해사법학회 2006 해사법연구 Vol.18 No.2

  이 논문의 목적은 인접 또는 대향하는 국가의 경계선상에 위치한 천연자원을 둘러싼 국가간의 경계획정 및 영유권 분쟁에서 월경천연자원의 개발에 적용될 수 있는 국제법적 원칙을 검토하는데 있다. 왜냐하면, 경계획정문제나 자원이 매장된 지역을 둘러싼 영유권 분쟁을 해결하는데 있어서 천연자원의 개발문제가 가장 큰 역할을 하고 있기 때문이다. 또한, 공동자원개발은 분쟁당사국의 정치적 경제적 이해관계가 맞물린 영유권 분쟁의 해결에 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있다.<BR>  비록 공동개발이 법적 의무는 아니더라도, 분쟁당사국의 자원에 대한 이해관계가 경계획정 또는 영유권 분쟁에 있어 실질적인 역할을 하고 있다. 이것은 분쟁당사국 사이에서 주권적 권리나 관할권 분쟁으로 인해 제로섬 효과로 가는 것을 막고, 협력의 원칙을 동해 분쟁 당사국의 자원에 대한 공통의 이익을 도모할 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 협정에 적용되는 법규의 발달을 검토하고, 현재 국가관행으로 이루어지고 있는 월경단위화협정과 공동개발구역 설정을 위한 공동개발구역 협정을 검토한다. 이 경우 월경천연자원을 공동으로 개발하기 위한 협정에서 천연자원에 대한 국가의 주권은 통합되지 않고, 관계 국가의 영유권 주장은 보류되는 한시적 해결방안이다.   The aim of this study is to evaluate the present and potential significance of the role played by natural resources in boundary and territorial disputes. Also, to examine both the general and specific international legal norms and principles that may be applicable to the allocation, utilization, and joint development of territorial and trans-boundary resources.<BR>  This study"s principal conclusion is to prove that natural resources play a significant role in boundary, trans-boundary and territorial disputes, and are increasingly likely to do so in the future. Also, joint resource development can be an effective functional mechanism for the prevention, management and resolution of such disputes which can be consistent with the rational accommodation of the claimant State"s conflicting political and economic interests, as well as a practical alternative which fully conforms with the relevant principles of international law.<BR>  While joint development is not a legal obligation, and is only practicable where the claimant State"s resources interests supersede the other contentious aspects of a boundary or territorial dispute, it offers a functional means by which to transform what may be initially perceived to be a zero-sum conflict devolving upon mutually exclusive sovereignty or jurisdictional claims into a "positive sum" co-operative venture centered upon the claimant"s common resource interests.<BR>  The aim of this study is to evaluate the present and potential significance of the role played by natural resources in boundary and territorial disputes. Also, to determine the conceptual efficacy of joint resources development as a distinct methodological approach for the functional management and resolution of boundary and territorial disputes involving natural resources. Furthermore, to examine both the general and specific international legal norms and principles that may be applicable to the allocation, utilization, and joint development of territorial and trans-boundary resources.<BR>  This study"s principal conclusion is to prove that natural resources play a significant role in boundary, trans-boundary and territorial disputes, and are increasingly likely to do so in the future. Also, joint resource development can be an effective functional mechanism for the prevention, management and resolution of such disputes which can be consistent with the rational accommodation of the claimant State"s conflicting political and economic interests, as well as a practical alternative which fully conforms with the relevant principles of international law.<BR>  While joint development is not a legal obligation, and is only practicable where the claimant State"s resources interests supersede the other contentious aspects of a boundary or territorial dispute, it offers a functional means by which to transform what may be initially perceived to be a zero-sum conflict devolving upon mutually exclusive sovereignty or jurisdictional claims into a "positive sum" co-operative venture centered upon the claimant"s common resource interests.

우리나라의 蜂群 管理 실태조사

姜甫錫(Bo-Seok Kang),白承起(Sung-Ki Paik),崔光洙(Kwang-Soo Choi) 한국양봉학회 1995 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.10 No.2

산란형 토종닭 실용계의 생산 및 산란 능력 검정

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),황보종(Jong Hwangbo) 한국가금학회 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

한국토종닭 3원 교잡종의 부화 및 육성 능력 (pp.399-404)

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),유동조(Dong-Jo Yu),박미나(Mi-Na Park),서보영(Bo-Young Seo),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),나승환(Seung-Hwan Na),서옥석(Ok-Suk Seo),황보종(Jong Hwang bo) 韓國家禽學會 2010 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

본 시험은 한국토종닭 3원 교잡종의 부화 및 육성 능력을 보고자 수행하였다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원에서 생산된 종란을 인수하여 부화시킨 3원 교잡종 병아리 암컷이다. 4가지 교배 조합으로 생산된 360수의 암평아리들을 3반복으로 반복당 30수씩 완전 임의배치하였다. 4개의 교배 조합은 A) 토착겸용종 C계통×재래종 Y계통×토착겸용종 C계통, B) 토착겸용종 C계통×재래종 L계통×토착겸용종 C계통, C) 토착 겸용종 C계통×재래종 G계통×토착겸용종 C계통, D) 토착겸 용종 C계통×재래종 W계통×토착겸용종 C계통이다. 수정률은 A, B, C 및 D에서 각각 89.8, 91.2, 92.4 및 92.8%였으며, 부화율은 각 계통에서 69.8, 70.7, 75.5 및 77.4%였다. 육성률은 계통간 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 20주령 체중은 B계통에서 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 0~20주령까지의 사료 요구율은 4계통에서 유의적인 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 이런 결과들은 한국토종닭 3원 교잡종의 부화 및 육성 성적에 대한 기초적인 자료로서 이용될 것이라 사료된다. This work was conducted to evaluate the hatching and growing performance of Korean native chicken (KNC) 3 strains crossbred. A total of 360 female pullets were produced from CY × C (A), CL × C (B), CG × C (C) and CW × C (D) crossbred kept in National Institute of Animal Science, Korea. Hatchability of A, B, C and D were 69.8, 70.7, 75.5 and 77.4%, respectively. Livability were not significantly different by 20 weeks among 4 strains. Body weight B was high compared to other strains at 20 weeks. The feed conversion ratio of 4 strains was no significantly different among strains at 20 weeks. These results suggested the basic data that needed to develope the new strains.

토종 실용계 생산용 2원 교배종 종계의 산란 능력 검정

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),황보종(Jong Hwangbo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),최희철(Hee-Cheol Choi),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of laying period of two-way crossbred of Korean native chickens. A total of four hundred eighty female 2-crossbred chicks that restored strains and were aboriginal at National Institute of Animal Science. Treatments were four crossbreds (4 replications/crossbred, 30 birds/replication) as A) C strain × S strain, B) C strain × H strain, C) R strain × S strain, and D) L strain × H strain, respectively. There were no significant difference on age, egg weight, and body weight at first egg among crossbreds (P>0.05). Body weight of D crossbred was lower compared to other crossbreds at the age of 24, 32, 40 and 60 week (P<0.05). Feed intake of A crossbred was highest among crossbreds (P<0.05). Weekly egg weight of A crossbred was the highest among crossbreds all laying period except 48~52 and 60~64 weeks. Hen-house egg production of A and B crossbreds was higher than that of C and D crossbreds (P<0.05). Hen-day egg production decreased after at the age of 36 weeks. Weekly egg production of A and B crossbreds was higher compared to C and D crossbreds (P<0.05). These results suggested the basic data on the record of laying period of 2- crossbreed Korean Native Chickens.

소비자 지향 3차원 헬멧제품 제작을 위한 UV레이저 기반의 폴리머/금속적층에 대한 기초연구

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),안동규(Dong-Gyu Ahn),신보성(Bo-Sung Shin),신종국(Jong-Kuk Shin) 한국기계가공학회 2016 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.15 No.6

Consumer orientation requires that companies understand consumer needs and produce products that meet their expectations. This study proposes a new additive method that creates a polymer/metal bonding layer and thus can lighten the weight of helmets to develop a consumer-oriented 3D printing helmet. The composite solution is experimentally prepared with copper formate and a photopolymer resin. Stereolithography apparatus and photothermal reactions are introduced to fabricate an adhesive hybrid layer of copper metal and polymer. A UV pulse laser with a 355 nm wavelength was installed to simplify this process. Resistance, adhesion, and accuracy were investigated to evaluate the properties of the layer produced.

토종 실용계 생산용 2원교배 종계의 육성기 능력

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),황보종(Jong Hwangbo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of growing period of two-crossbred of Korean Native Chickens. A total of four hundred eighty female 2-crossbred chicks that restored strains and were aboriginal at National Institute of Animal Science. Treatments were four crossbreds (4 replications/crossbred, 30 birds/replication) as A) C strain * S strain, B) C strain * H strain, C) R strain * S strain, and D) L strain * H strain, respectively. Livability of C crossbred was the highest as over 90% and that of B crossbred was the lowest as 73~78% during growing period (P<0.05). Body weight of A crossbred was the highest at the 4 week and that of D strain was the lowest at the 4 and 8 week (P<0.05). Weekly body weight of B and C crossbreds were higher than A and D crossbreds (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among four crossbreds. Weekly feed intake of D crossbred was the highest among all crossbreds at 0~4 weeks (P<0.05). These results suggested the basic data on the record of growing phase of 2-crossbreed Korean Native Chickens.

越冬包裝 방법이 꿀벌의 越冬에 미치는 영향

姜甫錫(Bo-Seok Kang),白承起(Sung-Ki Paik),崔光洙(Kwang-Soo Choi) 한국양봉학회 1995 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.10 No.2

토종오리 대형종의 산란중기(30~50주령) 생산 능력

허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heoa),추효준(Hyo Jun Choo),김종대(Chong Dae Kim),김상호(Sang Ho Kim),김학규(Hak Kyu Kim),이명지(Myeong Ji Lee),손보람(Bo Ram Son),강보석(Bo Seok Kang),최희철(Hee Cheol Choi),이상배(Sang Bae Lee),홍의철(Eui Chul Hon 한국가금학회 2013 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.40 No.3

냉동과 해동 방법이 오리고기의 특성에 미치는 영향

허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),김지혁(Ji-Hyuk Kim),김상호(Sang-Ho Kim),강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),차재범(Jae-Beom Cha),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 한국가금학회 2016 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

본 연구는 냉동과 해동 방법에 따른 토종오리고기의 육질특성을 비교하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 시험에 사용된 공시재료는 8주령 토종오리(평균체중 2.8 kg)를 도압(屠鴨)하여 채취한 가슴육을 이용하였다. 본 시험의 처리구는 냉동 전 신선육을 대조구(CON)로 하고, 시험구는 냉동 2처리(급냉(FF), 완냉(SF)와 해동 2처리(급해동(FT), 완해동(ST))의 2×2 복합요인으로 4처리구로 하여 총 5처리구(CON, FFFT, FFST, SFFT, SFST), 처리구당 3반복, 반복당 3점씩 총 45점을 이용하였다. 급냉(시료를 —50℃ deep freezer에서 보관)과 완냉(시료를 —20℃ 냉동고에 보관)의 두 가지 방법으로 냉동된 시료를 1개월 저장 후, 급해동(12℃ 5시간의 유수해동)과 완해동(5℃ 24시간 냉장고 해동)의 두 가지 방법으로 해동하여 분석에 이용하였다. 육색 중 명도는 급냉시킨 경우와 급해동시킨 경우에 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 감소되었다(P<0.05). 황색도는 완해동시킨 경우에는 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 물리적 성상 중 가열감량과 보수력은 대조구가 냉동과 해동 처리구에 비해 낮게 나타난 반면에(P<0.01, P<0.05), 전단력은 냉동과 행동 처리구에 비해 대조구에서 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 화학적 성상 중 수분의 함량은 완해동한 경우에 급해동에 비해 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 단백질 함량은 급해동한 경우 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). Myristic acid(C14:0)와 linolenic acid(C18:3n3) 함량은 대조구에서 냉동과 해동 처리구에 비해 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). Stearic acid(C18:0) 함량은 완냉동시킨 경우에 급냉동의 경우보다 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 해동의 경우에는 처리구간 유의차를 보이지 않았다. Arachidonic acid(C20:4n6)은 완냉동과 완해동의 경우에 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.01, P<0.05). 필수아미노산 중 대조구의 threonine, glycine, iso-leucine, leucine, tryptophan 함량은 냉동과 해동 처리구에서 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다(P<0.05). Methonine과 valine 함량은 해동에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 냉동 처리시대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 비필수아미노산 중 alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, tyrosine 함량은 대조구에서 냉동과 해동처리구보다 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.01, P<0.05). 결론적으로, 토종오리고기의 냉동 및 해동은 수분과 관련된 육색, 전단력, 가열감량, 보수력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보여진다. This work was carried out to investigate effects of the freezing/thawing method on duck meat kept in a freezer for a month. The meats used were breast muscle collected from Korean native ducks (KND) that were fed for 8 weeks (2.8kg of live weight). Forty-five samples were used after being frozen in storage for one month and were then divided into 5 treatments (3 replications/treatment, 3 samples/replication). Five treatments (CON, FFFT, FFST, SFFT and SFST) were control groups (CON) and four were experimental groups, using 2×2 complex factors with two freezing methods (fast freezing, FF, —50℃ in a deep freezer; slow freezing, SF, —20℃ in a common freezer) and two thawing methods (fast thawing, FT, 5 h 12℃ with flow water; slow thawing, ST, 24 h 5℃ in a refrigerator). Lightness of KND meat in FF and FT groups was lower than that of control (P<0.05). Yellowness of KND meat of the ST group was higher than that of control (P<0.05). Cooking loss (CL) and water holding capacity (WHC) of KND meat in the control were lower than those of the freezing and thawing groups (P<0.01, P<0.05), but shear force (SF) of the control was higher than that of other groups (P<0.01). Moisture content of the ST group was higher than that of the FT group (P<0.05), and protein content of the FF group was higher than that of control (P<0.05). Stearic acid (C18:0) of the SF group was higher than that of the FF group (P<0.05). Arachidonic acid (C20:4n6) of control was higher than that of the SF and ST groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). Alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, and tyrosine content of the control were lower than that of the freezing and thawing groups (P<0.05). These results show that freezing and thawing methods affect meat color, shear force, cooking loss, and WHC-related water content.