돼지의 대동맥 판막 및 심낭에서 녹색콩 알파-갈락토시다아제를 이용한 알파-갈 항원결정인자 제거

박성식,김웅한,김경환,이창하,최선영,오삼세,김관창,김용진,이철 대한흉부외과학회 2008 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.41 No.1

Background: It is currently thought that tissue valve degeneration is related to an animal's immune response, which is mainly due to cell surface α-Gal epitopes. Cell surface α-Gal epitopes are known to be degraded by the enzyme called green coffee bean α-galactosidase. It is also well known that α-Gal epitopes are immunologically stained by Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin type B4. We know that many commercially available tissue valves are made of aortic valves and pericardial tissue of pig. So, we investigated whether α-Gal epitopes of the aortic valve and pericardial tissue of a pig can be removed by green coffee bean α-galactosidase, and we did so by comparing immunologic staining of the tissues before and after the enzyme treatment. Material and method: After treating fresh porcine aortic valve and pericardial tissue with green coffee bean α-galactosidase at concentrations of 0.5 unit/mL, 1.0 unit/mL, 2.0 unit/mL, respectively, under the condition of pH 6.5, temperature 4oC and 24 hours of incubation, each sample was stained with Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin type B4 immunofluorescent labeling. We then examined whether the α-Gal epitopes were reduced or abolished in each consecutive concentration of green coffee bean α-galactosidase by comparing the degree of the Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4 staining in each sample. Result: In the pig aortic valve tissue, a 1.0 unit/mL concentration of green coffee bean α-galactosidase at pH 6.5, 4oC and reaction for 24 hours was enough for complete removal of α-Gal epitopes from the cell surface on the immunostaining with Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4. On the other hand, more α-Gal epitopes were present in the pig pericardial tissue on Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4 staining before the enzyme treatment, and 1.0 unit/mL of galactosidase was not sufficient for complete removal of α-Gal from the tissue. 2.0 units/mL of green coffee bean α-galactosidase was needed to completely remove the α-Gal epitopes from the pericardial tissue on immunostaining. Conclusion: The α-Gal epitopes of the pig's aortic valve and pericardial tissue were successfully stained with Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4. We could remove nearly all the α-Gal epitopes using green coffee bean α-galactosidase at the concentration of 1.0 unit/mL in the aortic valve of pig, and 2.0 unit/mL was need to nearly completely remove all the α-Gal epitopes in the pericardial tissue of pig under the condition of pH 6.5, 4oC and 24 hours of reaction time. In the near future, removal of α-Gal epitopes in the pig's aortic valve and pericardial tissue will become a powerful tool for the improvement of the tissue valve durability. It needs to be determined if α-galactosidase treated pig tissue is immune to human anti-Gal antibody or anti-Gal monoclonal antibodies.

"동무유고(東武遺稿) 약성가(藥性歌)" 에 대한 연구(硏究)

박성식,park, Seong-Sik 사상체질의학회 2001 사상체질의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

1. Purpose This paper was written in order to understand the concept of ${\ulcorner}$DongMuYooGo YakSungGa${\lrcorner}$ (東武遣稿 藥性歌) which was descending as the material of Sasang pharmacology. So we are planning to make use of the fundamental material of the study on the Sasang Medications and Prescriptions. 2. Methods Through comparing each clause of ${\ulcorner}$DongMuYooGo YakSungGa${\lrcorner}$ on all the sasang -records, we understood that concept. 3 Result 1) ${\ulcorner}$DongMuYooGo YakSungGa${\lrcorner}$ of a literary work of DongMu(東武) which contain special elucidative-method of herb-nature has 18 type of YakSungGa which explain each 27 herbs for the Taeeumin, Soyangin and Soeumin. The period of authoship is supposed to the time just before ${\ulcorner}$DongyiSuseBowon Gabobon${\lrcorner}$ (東醫壽世保元 甲午本)(1894, DongMu 58 years old) or middle of fifties(53-57 years old). 2) YakSungGa of ${\ulcorner}$DongMuYooGo${\lrcorner}$ which is published by the BoGunsung(保健省) of North Korea is supposed to close to original type. The main meaning of that is the herb-nature which works on the weakst point of each Sasangin. And then the herbs were classfied by the diseases and symptoms possessing Bomyungjiju(保命之主), the herb's efficacy is explained at the each constitution. 3) The meaning of ${\ulcorner}$DongMuYooGo YakSungGa${\lrcorner}$ is exposure of the opinion of DongMu's early stage that proposed herb-nature which is applied to the principle of Jang(臟) of Sasangin, reason and purpose to enact newly created prescriptios by the constitutional diseases and symptoms, and the compositional principle of newly created prescription. 4) The selection of herbs or cogution of herb-nature of DongMu's pharmacological opinion of his early stage was changed by accumulating clinical experience. So all the newly created prescriptios of ${\ulcorner}$DongyiSuseBowon${\lrcorner}$ could not be explained by only the herb and the herd-nature on ${\ulcorner}$DongMuYooGo YakSungGa${\lrcorner}$. Therefore the purpose of DongMu's YaksungGa is not explaining the symptoms in charge of each herb or classifying the herb by constitution, but offering the principle of composition of prescription of Sasang, from the necessary herb which possess and expand Bomyungjiju to nature of herb which is applied to the constitution for treating all the diseases and sypmtoms by the heavy or light and slow or speedy.

한국 만화출판의 현황과 전망

박성식 한국만화애니메이션학회 2008 한국만화애니메이션학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2008 No.6

Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on methane hydrate formation

박성식,Sang-Baek Lee,Nam-Jin Kim 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.4

1m3 of methane hydrate can be decomposed into a maximum of 216 m3 ofmethane gas under standard conditions. If these characteristics of hydrates are utilized in the opposite sense, natural gas can be fixed into water in the form of a hydrate solid. Therefore, the use of hydrates is considered to be a great way to transport and store natural gas in large quantities. However, when methane hydrate is formed artificially, the amount of gas that is consumed is relatively low, due to the slow reaction rate between water and methane gas. Therefore, for practical purposes in the application, the present investigation focuses on increasing the rate of formation of the hydrate and the amount of gas consumed by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to pure water. The results show that when 0.004 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes was added to pure water, the amount of gas consumed was about 300%higher than that in pure water and the hydrate formation time decreased at a low subcooling temperature.

Influence of the oxidation treatment and the average particle diameter of graphene for thermal conductivity enhancement

박성식,김남진 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

Nanofluid is a new-concept solution wherein nm-sized solid particles of excellent, higher-than-base-fluid thermal conductivity are stably suspended. Recently, high-thermal-conductivity graphene nanoparticles have attracted particularly close attention from researchers. In the present study, the thermal conductivity and viscosity properties of three kinds of graphene nanofluid added to distilled water — two graphenes of differing size and oxidized graphene — were compared and analyzed. The thermal conductivities of the nanofluids, formulated in the usual manner by adding graphene to distilled water and subjecting the mixture to ultrasonic dispersion, were measured by the transient hot-wire method, and the viscosities were determined using a rotational digital viscometer. As a result, we concluded that the nanofluid of small average particle diameter and that which incorporates oxidized graphene have outstanding properties as heat transfer media, due to their excellent thermal conductivity and viscosity, compared with the other graphene nanofluids.

Characteristics of methane hydrate formation in carbon nanofluids

박성식,Eoung-Jin An,이상백,천원기,Nam-Jin Kim 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.1

When methane hydrate is formed artificially by simply reversing its process of natural generation, the amount of methane gas consumed by hydrate formation is fairly low, which is problematic for its large scale synthesis and application. Therefore, this study examined methods for increasing the amount of gas consumed by adding MWCNTs (multi-walled carbon nanotubes) and OMWCNTs (oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes). The surfaces of the MWCNTs were oxidized chemically, and dispersed uniformly in distilled water after a dispersion operation. The amount of methane gas consumed during the formation of methane hydrate in the oxidized carbon nanofluid was approximately 4.5 times higher than that in distilled water. The hydrate-nanocarbon fluid phase boundary line was shifted to the right side of the hydrate-pure water phase boundary line in the pressure–temperature phase diagram. The carbon nanofluid system accelerated the rate of methane hydrate formation at low subcooling temperatures (<8 K).

Effects of spray-deposited oxidized multi-wall carbon nanotubes and graphene on pool-boiling critical heat flux enhancement

박성식,김용환,전용한,현명택,김남진 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.24 No.-

This paper examines the differences in critical heat flux (CHF) based on multi-wall carbon nanotubes and graphene have been found as new heat-transfer materials which are carbon allotropes with different shapes. The analysis of experimental data and results of calculations in pool-boiling critical heat flux experiments by spray-depositing oxidized multi-wall carbon nanotubes and graphene onto heat- transfer samples have been done to improve the economic efficiency and safety of the heat-transfer apparatus. The results show that the contact angle of the heat-transfer surface linearly decreased with spray deposition time, which resulted in an increased critical heat flux. The oxidized multi-wall carbon nanotubes and graphene showed maximum pool-boiling heat-transfer coefficients at 19.88 and 21.78, respectively, while the pool-boiling heat-transfer coefficients decreased at angles of 9.98 or less and 12.58 or less, respectively. Also, the following new correction formula has been derived and compared with a current model by introducing a correction factor to Kandlikar’s prediction model.

Study on methane hydrate formation using ultrasonic waves

박성식,김남진 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.5

Methane hydrate is a kind of gas hydrate and has the crystal structure I. 1 m3 of methane hydrate can be decomposed to a maximum of 172 m3 of methane gas in standard conditions. If this characteristic of methane hydrate is reversely utilized, natural gas, which mainly consists of methane gas, is fixed into water in the form of hydrate solid. However, when methane hydrate is formed artificially by simply reversing its process of natural generation, the amount of methane gas consumed owing to hydrate formation is fairly low, which would be problematic for its massive synthesis and application. In this study, experiments are carried out with the goal of increasing the amount of gas consumed by using ultrasonic waves. The power for maximum gas consumption was observed at 150 W, and the amount of gas consumed was four times higher than that at 0 W at the subcooling temperature of 0.5 K. The ultrasonic waves are more effective at the subcooling temperature of 5.7 K than at the subcooling temperature of 0.5 K, and are another effective method for enhancing methane hydrate formation and reducing the hydrate formation time.

인공 호흡기 관리의 최신 지견

박성식 대한외과학회 2009 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2009 No.5

국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크의 현황 및 시장전략에 관한 기초연구

박성식,권재웅(토론자) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2012 한국만화애니메이션학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2012 No.5

2000년대 들어 테마파크가 가지는 문화적, 경제적 효과를 통해 지역을 활성화하려는 광역자치단체 등의 의지로 광역상권을 대상으로 한 대규모 야외 복합 테마파크 유치경쟁이 지난 수 년 간 있어왔다. 그러나 수천억 원대에 이르는 대규모 투자 유치 및 라이선스 획득의 어려움과 투자 대비 수익 전망의 불확실함 등으로 실제 추진 성과는 매우 더디거나 미흡한 실정이다. 이와는 대조적으로 국산 인기 애니메이션 캐릭터의 라이선스를 활용한 소규모 실내 테마파크가 2011년부터 등장하기 시작하여 1년 남짓한 기간 동안 수도권에만 7개소 이상이 개관하였다. 이들 실내 테마파크들은 50억 원 내외의 상대적으로 적은 투자비용으로 중소권역 상권을 대상으로 하고 있으며, 주 고객층을 유아 및 초등 저학년으로 설정하여 이들에게 선호 받는 인기 국산 캐릭터를 앞세워 국내 테마파크 산업의 틈새시장을 개척하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 시장인 국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크 시장의 현황을 살펴보고, 국산 캐릭터의 프로퍼티 가치 확장과 국내 테마파크 시장의 확산이라는 두 가지 확장의 측면에서 이 시장의 시장전략을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크 가운데 수도권 소재 5개소를 직접 방문하여 현황조사를 실시하였고, 수도권 소재 2개소와 지방 4개소는 업체 담당자를 통해 현황자료를 입수하여 분석하였다. 또 올 4월 25일 신규 개관한 ‘디보빌리지 청계천점’을 방문한 관람객을 대상으로 만족도 조사를 시행하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 현재 국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크 비즈니스의 구조를 분석하고 수행중인 시장전략의 유효성을 분석할 수 있는 토대를 제시하여 보았다.