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MC21/CTF and VERA multiphysics solutions to VERA core physics benchmark progression problems 6 and 7
Daniel J. Kelly III,Ann E. Kelly,Brian N. Aviles,Andrew T. Godfrey,Robert K. Salko,Benjamin S. Collins 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.6
The continuous energy Monte Carlo neutron transport code, MC21, was coupled to the CTF subchannelthermal-hydraulics code using a combination of Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light WaterReactors (CASL) tools and in-house Python scripts. An MC21/CTF solution for VERA Core PhysicsBenchmark Progression Problem 6 demonstrated good agreement with MC21/COBRA-IE and VERA solutions. The MC21/CTF solution for VERA Core Physics Benchmark Progression Problem 7, Watts Bar Unit1 at beginning of cycle hot full power equilibrium xenon conditions, is the first published coupled MonteCarlo neutronics/subchannel T-H solution for this problem. MC21/CTF predicted a critical boron concentrationof 854.5 ppm, yielding a critical eigenvalue of 0.99994 ± 6.8E-6 (95% confidence interval). Excellent agreement with a VERA solution of Problem 7 was also demonstrated for integral and localpower and temperature parameters.
<i>Phellinus linteus</i> activates different pathways to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells
Zhu, T,Guo, J,Collins, L,Kelly, J,Xiao, Z J,Kim, S-H,Chen, C-Y Nature Publishing Group 2007 The British journal of cancer Vol.96 No.4
<P>It is known that polysaccharides extracted from the <I>Phellinus linteus</I> (PL) mushroom possess antitumour activity. We previously have demonstrated that high doses of PL render murine or human lung cancer cells susceptible to apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of PL-mediated apoptosis have not been fully explored. In this study, we demonstrate that LNCaP cells expressing the androgen receptor (AR) are highly susceptible to apoptosis in response to treatment with high doses of PL. In this process, caspase 8 and its downstream effectors (such as BID), as well as ER stress-related, apoptotic signalling, are activated. In contrast, a moderate amount of apoptosis occurs in PC3 cells (that lack AR) after the same treatment, which does not activate ER-mediated apoptotic signalling. We also show that, in the process of PL-induced apoptosis, caspase 2 is induced in LNCaP cells, but not in PC3 cells. However, LNCaP cells that express a mutated AR or LNCaP cells treated with a caspase 2 inhibitor blocked ER stress-induced apoptotic signals. The magnitudes of the induction of apoptosis in these cells are comparable with what occurred in the PC3 cells. The data demonstrate that high doses of PL activate the AR-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways. Our study also suggests that caspase 2 is a key target in the determination of the susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to PL-induced apoptosis.</P>
Effect of PCBN tool grade on joint strength and tool life in friction stir spot welded DP 980 steel
Hartman, T.,Miles, M.P.,Hong, S.-T.,Steel, R.,Kelly, S. Elsevier 2015 Wear: An international journal on the science and Vol.328 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Friction stir spot welding of advanced high strength steel, like dual phase (DP) 980, is a very demanding application in terms of tool wear. The best candidate material currently being tested is polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN). The purpose of the current work is to study the effect of PCBN material grade, as specified primarily by CBN grain size, on weld quality and tool life, for the spot welding of DP 980 steel. With a nominal composition of 90% CBN, three tool grades were tested. Grade A had CBN grain sizes of 3–6μm, grade B had grain sizes of 12–15μm, and grade C had a multimodal distribution, with grain sizes ranging from 4 to 40μm. The best performance in terms of joint strength and tool life was achieved with grade A. The effect of fine CBN grain size was less adhesion of DP 980 on the tool surface over time, less abrasive wear, and higher lap shear failure loads of the welds that were produced, compared to the other grades. A-type tools were the most consistent in both the number of welds per tool, and the number of welds that reached acceptable lap shear failure loads. B-type tools, performed slightly better than C-type tools in terms of wear, but neither of them was able to achieve consistent, acceptable lap shear failure load values after the first 200 welds. In fact only one out of five C-type tools was able to produce acceptable lap shear failure loads after the first 100 welds. Based on the experimental evidence, tool wear was likely dominated by grain pullout. This is consistent with the correlation showing that larger CBN grain size was related to shorter tool life.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We monitored wear resistance of PCBN tools over thousands of friction stir spot welds in DP 980 steel. </LI> <LI> CBN grain size was found to have a significant impact on tool life and on joint strength. </LI> <LI> Grain pullout was postulated to be the primary wear mechanism based on the evidence. </LI> </UL> </P>
The Role of Genetic Variation Near Interferon-Kappa in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Harley, Isaac T. W.,Niewold, Timothy B.,Stormont, Rebecca M.,Kaufman, Kenneth M.,Glenn, Stuart B.,Franek, Beverly S.,Kelly, Jennifer A.,Kilpatrick, Jeffrey R.,Hutchings, David,Divers, Jasmin,Bruner, G Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2010 Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology Vol.2010 No.-
<P>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by increased type I interferons (IFNs) and multiorgan inflammation frequently targeting the skin. IFN-kappa is a type I IFN expressed in skin. A pooled genome-wide scan implicated the <I>IFNK</I> locus in SLE susceptibility. We studied <I>IFNK</I> single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 3982 SLE cases and 4275 controls, composed of European (EA), African-American (AA), and Asian ancestry. rs12553951C was associated with SLE in EA males (odds ratio = 1.93, <I>P</I> = 2.5 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>), but not females. Suggestive associations with skin phenotypes in EA and AA females were found, and these were also sex-specific. <I>IFNK</I> SNPs were associated with increased serum type I IFN in EA and AA SLE patients. Our data suggest a sex-dependent association between <I>IFNK</I> SNPs and SLE and skin phenotypes. The serum IFN association suggests that <I>IFNK</I> variants could influence type I IFN producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells in affected skin.</P>
Lemke, Henrik T.,Bressler, Christian,Chen, Lin X.,Fritz, David M.,Gaffney, Kelly J.,Galler, Andreas,Gawelda, Wojciech,Haldrup, Kristoffer,Hartsock, Robert W.,Ihee, Hyotcherl,Kim, Jeongho,Kim, Kyung Hw American Chemical Society 2013 The journal of physical chemistry. A, Molecules, s Vol.117 No.4
<P>X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) deliver short (<100 fs) and intense (∼10<SUP>12</SUP> photons) pulses of hard X-rays, making them excellent sources for time-resolved studies. Here we show that, despite the inherent instabilities of current (SASE based) XFELs, they can be used for measuring high-quality X-ray absorption data and we report femtosecond time-resolved X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) measurements of a spin-crossover system, iron(II) tris(2,2′-bipyridine) in water. The data indicate that the low-spin to high-spin transition can be modeled by single-exponential kinetics convoluted with the overall time resolution. The resulting time constant is ∼160 fs.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcafh/2013/jpcafh.2013.117.issue-4/jp312559h/production/images/medium/jp-2012-12559h_0008.gif'></P>
Ziad Almaksour,Frederic Boudard,Mary T. Kelly,Igor Pujalte,Myra Villareal,Hiroko Isoda,Caroline Guzman,Michel Larroque,Delphine Margout 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.12
Numerous studies have been carried out on the bioactive properties of hydroxytyrosol (HT) in olive oils (OOs), although there are few reports comparing anti-inflammatory activity among different olive varieties or regions of production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro inflammatory action of HT in extracts of four OO varieties in the Languedoc region of the French Mediterranean. Factors other than cultivar were eliminated, which enabled unambiguous varietal differences to be identified. Purified extracts of OO were obtained using an optimized solid-phase extraction procedure by which only polar compounds were recovered. High performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify and quantify HT and oleacein in the extracts. The total polyphenol concentration ranged from 93.00 mg gallic acid equivalent/kg OO for Picholine to 27 mg gallic acid equivalent for Verdale OOs. The concentrations of HT in Picholine, Olivère, and Lucques varieties were 25.3, 18.8 and 12.1 mg/kg, respectively, whereas the concentration of HT in Verdale OOs was less, 1 mg/kg. The in vitro anti-inflammatory response of purified OO extracts, evaluated by the inhibition of nitric oxide release in lipopolysaccharide-induced interferon-γ activated J774.A1 macrophages, strongly correlated with total polyphenol content (R2 > 0.995). The effect increased asymptotically between the equivalent of 2 and 37 mg of OO, reaching, at the maximum tested concentration, 90%, 75%, 62%, and 30% activity for Picholine, Olivière, Lucques, and Verdale, respectively. The results presented here clearly show that, by comparison with authentic standards, the activity of HT in OO extracts was enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner, varying from 3-fold at the highest extract concentration to over 6.5-fold at the lowest extract concentration. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory activity of OOs should be rationalized on the basis of whole extracts rather than solely on the concentration of HT or other bioactive compounds in OO.
S. HELLMAN,M. UDDIN,P. T. TKACIK,S. D. KELLY 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.2
The performance and safety of the rear wing and spoiler employed on the National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) COT (car of tomorrow) racecar are experimentally studied using 10 % scale models in a water channel. Particle image velocimetry is used to qualitatively examine the differences in flow structures between the two downforce-generating devices under 0 and 180-degree yaw cases. The latter is important due to an issue with the COT flipping into the air when at extreme yaw (i.e. during a crash). At zero yaw, it is observed that smaller length scales of the flow structures in the wake of the wing compared to those in the wake of the spoiler, provide more predictable handling for racecars in close proximity and may allow more safe and competitive racing. At 180-degree yaw, it is observed that wake-structure interactions may not allow proper operation of anti-flipping devices (roof flaps) on the winged car. In the extreme yaw case, local flow scales are examined and show much stronger Reynolds number (Re) dependence for the wing than the spoiler.