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( Yun Peng Wang ),( Goung Ran Yu ),( Mi Jin Lee ),( Sang Yeop Lee ),( In Sun Chu ),( Sun Hee Leem ),( Dae Ghon Kim ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Backgrounds/Aims: Lipocalin-2 is preferentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the functional role of Lcn2 in HCC progression is still poorly understood, particularly with respect to its involvement in invasion and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Lcn2 is associated with the EMT change of HCC and to elucidate its signaling pathway. Methods: Lcn2 mRNA expression was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Lcn2 protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry or Western blot analyses. The proliferation, migration, and invasion ability were measured by MTT, wound healing and invasion assays in HCC cells (SH-J1) stably expressing Lcn2. Tumor growing and metastasis by Lcn2 was tested in vivo animal model. Results: Lcn2 is preferentially expressed in well differentiated HCC versus liver cirrhosis tissues, and its expression is positively correlated with the Edmondson differentiation grade of HCC. The characteristics of EMT are reversed by adenoviral transduction of Lcn2 into SH-J1 cells, including the down-regulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, a-SMA, and fibronectin, and the concomitant up-regulation of CK8, CK18, and desmoplakin I/II. Knock-down of Lcn2 by shRNA in HKK-2 cells highly expressing Lcn2 was associated with EMT change. EGF or TGF-β1 treatment resulted in down-regulation of Lcn2, subsequently accompanied by Twist1 expression and EMT change in HCC cells. Stable Lcn2 expression in HCC cells reduced Twist1 expression, led to inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth and metastatic ability in a mouse model. Furthermore, EGF or TGF-β1 treatment barely changed EMT marker expression in the SH-J1 cells ectopically expressing Lcn2. Ectopic expression of Twist1 induced EMT marker expression even in cells expressing Lcn2, indicating that Lcn2 functions downstream of growth factors and upstream of Twist1. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Lcn2 can negatively modulate the EMT change in HCC cells through the EGF (or TGF-β1)/Lcn2/Twist1 pathway. Thus, Lcn2 may be a candidate metastasis suppressor and a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
Yun-Chen Lai,Chin-Peng Chu 연세대학교 미래사회통합연구센터 2019 Journal of Conflict and Integration Vol.3 No.2
The EU has faced serious crises recently. EU integration has resulted in greater public attention and made cooperation more controversial. This contribution explores three questions: why crises occur under (current) EU governance; how a crisis of EU governance will result in a crisis of EU integration; and how the EU could solve its problems. Issues both inside and outside of the EU borders are discussed to investigate the questions above. It is argued that an imbalanced governance structure and a democratic deficit cause risks of disintegration and stagnation. Multi-level governance should be revisited to augment participation of public sectors, to respond to the current politicization trend, and to relieve the democratic deficit problem.
Chih-Peng Lin,Chih-Hung Chu,Shaw-Bing Wen,Yun-Hwei Shen 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.5
AlN samples doped with sub-micron Y2O3 and CaO powders as sintering additives obtained using the micro hot-pressed (MHPed) sintering method in a MoSi2 heating element furnace were investigated. The minor amounts of secondary phases were identified as Al5Y3O12, CaYAl3O7, and CaAl4O7, which are related to the low sintering temperature as well as the removal of oxygen-related defects in the system. Relative densities of over 96% of the theoretical value were obtained after sintering at 1600 oC for 8 h, indicating that an adequate amount of additives and the use of the micro hot-pressed (MHPed) sintering process help improve the densification and thermal conductivity of AlN ceramics. The high thermal conductivity of 130Wm−1K−1was attributed to the purification of the AlN lattice, the elimination of some secondary phases, and the grain boundary phase distribution.
The EGF/hnRNP Q1 axis is involved in tumorigenesis via the regulation of cell cycle-related genes
Yu-Chu Wang,Kung-Chao Chang,Bo-Wen Lin,Jenq-Chang Lee,Chien-Hsien Lai,Li-Jyuan Lin,Yun Yen,Chang-Shen Lin,Shiang-Jie Yang,Peng-Chan Lin,Chung-Ta Lee,Liang-Yi Hung 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q1, an RNA-binding protein, has been implicated in many posttranscriptional processes, including RNA metabolism and mRNA splicing and translation. However, the role of hnRNP Q1 in tumorigenesis remains unclear. We previously performed RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-seq analysis to identify hnRNP Q1-interacting mRNAs and found that hnRNP Q1 targets a group of genes that are involved in mitotic regulation, including Aurora-A. Here, we demonstrate that altering the hnRNP Q1 level influences the expression of the Aurora-A protein, but not its mRNA. Stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhances both binding between hnRNP Q1 and Aurora-A mRNA as well as the efficacy of the hnRNP Q1-induced translation of Aurora-A mRNA. The EGF/hnRNP Q1-induced translation of Aurora-A mRNA is mediated by the mTOR and ERK pathways. In addition, we show that hnRNP Q1 up-regulates the translation of a group of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes. hnRNP Q1 overexpression is positively correlated with the levels of Aurora-A and the SAC genes in human colorectal cancer tissues. In summary, our data suggest that hnRNP Q1 plays an important role in regulating the expression of a group of cell cycle-related genes. Therefore, it may contribute to tumorigenesis by up-regulating the translation of these genes in colorectal cancer.
Effects of Additives of CaO and Rare-Earth Oxides on the Sintering Behavior of AlN Ceramics
Chih-Hung Chu,Yun-Hwei Shen,Chih-Peng Lin,Shaw-Bing Wen 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.5
The effect of additives of CaO plus three different rare-earth oxides (Y, Sm and Gd, separately) on the sintering behavior of AlN ceramics has been evaluated at 1700℃ by using a MoSi2 heater and ambient atmosphere. The results of density measurements show that the atomic weight of the rare-earth element may substantially affect the apparent density of the sintered AlN specimen due to the kinetics of atomic diffusion during sintering. The optimum results of this study show that these additives are effective in obtaining an apparent density of 3.26 g/cm3 (approaching a 100 % theoretical density of AlN). The Vicker's hardness of the sintered AlN can reach a high value of 1310 kg/mm2 and an apparent density of 3.34 g/cm3. A longer soaking time of between 3 and 5 h is necessary to practically eliminate the minor oxide phases. The effect of additives of CaO plus three different rare-earth oxides (Y, Sm and Gd, separately) on the sintering behavior of AlN ceramics has been evaluated at 1700℃ by using a MoSi2 heater and ambient atmosphere. The results of density measurements show that the atomic weight of the rare-earth element may substantially affect the apparent density of the sintered AlN specimen due to the kinetics of atomic diffusion during sintering. The optimum results of this study show that these additives are effective in obtaining an apparent density of 3.26 g/cm3 (approaching a 100 % theoretical density of AlN). The Vicker's hardness of the sintered AlN can reach a high value of 1310 kg/mm2 and an apparent density of 3.34 g/cm3. A longer soaking time of between 3 and 5 h is necessary to practically eliminate the minor oxide phases.
Articles : Effects of Changes in Monetary Policy under Managed Dual Exchange Rates
( Ching Chong Lai ),( Wen Ya Chang ),( Yun Peng Chu ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1988 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.3 No.2
This paper analyzes how the commercial and financial exchange rates adjust over time under the regime of managed dual rates, following an unanticipated increase in the money supply. It is shown that if the official intervention is light, the commercial rates will first rise, then fall either directly or cyclically to its long-run equilibrium. The financial rates will first overshoot, then deviate further from its long-run equilibrium before it finally returns to the equilibrium either directly or cyclically. These two patterns of adjustment are very different from those under the "pure" dual exchange rates.
Efforts of Changes in Monetary Policy under Managed Dual Exchange Rates
Lai, Ching-Chong,Chang, Wen-Ya,Chu, Yun-Peng 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1988 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.3 No.2
This paper analyzes how the commercial and financial exchange rates adjust over time under the regime of managed dual rates, following an unanticipated increase in the money supply. It is shown that if the official intervention is light, the commercial rates will first rise, then fall either directly or cyclically to its long-run equilibrium. The financial rates will first overshoot, then deviate further from its long-run equilibrium before it finally returns to the equilibrium either directly or cyclically. These two patterns of adjustment are very different from those under the "pure" dual exchange rates.