An Experimental Observation of Kislocation Nucleation Based on the Peierls Concept

Xing, Y . M .,Dai, F . L .,Yang, W . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.7 No.1

The HREM-moue method developed by Dai and Xing [1] is an experimental technique which allows for the direct measurement of such parameters as displacement, strain and dislocation in the nanoscopic range. This technique was used to measure the nanoscopic deformation field near the tip of a quasi-cleavage crack in silicon. A process of dislocation nucleation was observed. A long dislocation extending about 600 burgers vectors was found at the crack tip and the slip distribution along it was measured. This distributed dislocation has a similar slip structure to the one based on the Peierls concept described by Rice [2], but has a much longer slip range. The nanoscopic strain distribution near the crack tip was obtained. There is a strain field controlled by linear elastic fracture mechanics at the very vicinity of the crack tip.

Sintered Intermetallic - A New Filter Element for Hot Gas Filtration

Xing Y.,Kuang X.,Wang F.,Kuang C.,Fang Y. 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Gas filtration at high temperature from industrial processes offers various advantages such as increasing process efficiency, improving heat recovery and materials resource recovery, etc. At the same time, it is an advanced environment protection technology. This paper describes a newly developed metallic filter element. The manufacturing process of sintered metallic powder and the mechanical and filtration characteristics of this filter element were investigated. In this work, the phase constituent changes of the powder during sintering were studied. The newly developed filter elements were found to have excellent corrosion resistance, good thermal resistance, high strength and high filtration efficiency.

The Trehalase Gene Promoters from Silkworm, Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina and the Regulatory Effects of Diapause Hormone on Transcription of Them

Xing Jia Shen,S. M. Tang,Y. Z. Yi,Q. L. Zhao,Z. F. Zhang,Y. R. Li,J. L. He 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Effect of De-hulling on Ileal Amino Acids Digestibility of Soybean Meals Fed to Growing Pigs

Kang, Y.F.,Li, D.F.,Xing, J.J.,Mckinnon, P.J.,Sun, D.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.6

A study was carried out to determine the effect of de-hulling on apparent and true ileal amino acids digestibility of soybean meals for growing pigs. Twenty barrows (Duroc${\times}$Large white${\times}$Longer white) were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ilium. Digestibility of 20 experimental diets was determined, nine of them were de-hulled soybean meal diets, and nine of them were regular soybean meal diets and two low protein casein diets for determination of endogenous amino acid correction for true digestibility determination. A $5<{\times}5<$ Latin Squares Design was adopted in this trail. The results showed that de-hulling increased apparent ileal digestibility of isoleucine, threonine, aspartic, tyrosine and indispensable and dispensable amino acid (p<0.05) in soybean meals. Furthermore, dehulling is also increased apparent digestibility of arginine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, alanine, glutamic acid, serine and gross amino acids (p<0.01). However, there were no significant differences found for histidine, methionine, tryptophan, cystine and glycine (p>0.05). Similar responses were found for true ileal digestibility. In three dehulled and non-dehulled pairs soybean meals from the same respective sources, de-hulling increased apparent digestibility of lysine, methionine, threonine and cystine 1.42%, 2.06%, 2.18% and 1.40% respectively. True digestibility of lysine, methionine, threonine and cystine was increased 1.65%, 1.94%, 2.30% and 1.82% respectively. A prediction equation for true ileal amino acid digestibility (including lysine and arginine) was established by multivariate linear regression. The independent variables included relevant amino acid, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and nitrogen free extract. The coefficient R2 values of lysine and agrinine were 0.596 and 0.531 respectively. According to the crude protein content, a prediction equation for lysine and arginine content in soybean meal was also established by single linear regression. The coefficient $R^2$ values of lysine and agrinine were 0.636 and 0.636 respectively.

High-resolution time-to-digital converter utilising fractional difference conversion scheme

Xing, N,Shin, W.-Y,Jeong, D.-K,Kim, S IET 2010 Electronics letters Vol.46 No.6

<P>A high-resolution process, voltage and temperature (PVT)-insensitive time-to-digital converter (TDC) is presented, based on a Vernier delay-line, in which the propagation delays in the upper and lower buffer chains are stabilised by two different delay-locked-loops (DLLs). The limitation on its resolution, imposed by DLL jitter and input range of time intervals, is analysed. Simulation results show that the proposed TDC achieves a resolution as high as 22.7 ps while consuming only 2.7 mW.</P>

Distribution of shear force in perforated shear connectors

Xing Wei,M. Shariati,Y. Zandi,Shiling Pei,Zhibin Jin,S. Gharachurlu,M.M. Abdullahi,M.M. Tahir,M. Khorami 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.27 No.3

A perforated shear connector group is commonly used to transfer shear in steel–concrete composite structures when the traditional shear stud connection is not strong enough. The multi-hole perforated shear connector demonstrates a more complicated behavior than the single connector. The internal force distribution in a specific multi-hole perforated shear connector group has not been thoroughly studied. This study focuses on the load-carrying capacity and shear force distribution of multi-hole perforated shear connectors in steel.concrete composite structures. ANSYS is used to develop a three-dimensional finite element model to simulate the behavior of multi-hole perforated connectors. Material and geometric nonlinearities are considered in the model to identify the failure modes, ultimate strength, and load–slip behavior of the connection. A three-layer model is introduced and a closed-form solution for the shear force distribution is developed to facilitate design calculations. The shear force distribution curve of the multi-hole shear connector is catenary, and the efficiency coefficient must be considered in different limit states.

FATE AND METABOLISM OF NITROGEN IN GOATS FED ¹⁵N-LABELLED RICE STRAW

Xing, T.X.,He, D.Y.,He, L.H.,Zhou, W.J.,Liao, X.L.,Chen, H.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.4

Three goats were fed with $^{15}N$-labelled rice straw to study the characteristics of digestion, assimilation, metabolism and excretion of C and N compounds from rice straw. It was shown that the amount of $^{15}N$ assimilated into the bodies of the two slaughtered goats accounted for 38.5 and 23.6% of the total amount of $^{15}N$ ingestion in the experimental diet by each goat. The $^{15}N$ excreted via the feces and urine for the three goats accounted for 34.8, 33.2 and 33.9% of the total amount of $^{15}N$ ingested in the feed of the 3 goats. The recoveries of $^{15}N$ from the two slaughtered goats were 73.3 and 57.5%, with the corresponding rates of $^{15}N$ loss 26.7 and 42.5% respectively. The amino acids digestibilities were 68.7 and 54.0%, while the digestibilities of carbohydrates were 74.8 and 67.7% respectively for goats 1 and 3.

Peak-summer East Asian rainfall predictability and prediction part I: Southeast Asia

Xing, W.,Wang, B.,Yim, S. Y. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Climate dynamics Vol.47 No.1

<P>The interannual variation of East Asia summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall exhibits considerable differences between early summer [May-June (MJ)] and peak summer [July-August (JA)]. The present study focuses on peak summer. During JA, the mean ridge line of the western Pacific subtropical High (WPSH) divides EASM domain into two sub-domains: the tropical EA (5 degrees N-26.5 degrees N) and subtropical-extratropical EA (26.5 degrees N-50 degrees N). Since the major variability patterns in the two sub-domains and their origins are substantially different, the Part I of this study concentrates on the tropical EA or Southeast Asia (SEA). We apply the predictable mode analysis approach to explore the predictability and prediction of the SEA peak summer rainfall. Four principal modes of interannual rainfall variability during 1979-2013 are identified by EOF analysis: (1) the WPSH-dipole sea surface temperature (SST) feedback mode in the Northern Indo-western Pacific warm pool associated with the decay of eastern Pacific El Nio/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), (2) the central Pacific-ENSO mode, (3) the Maritime continent SST-Australian High coupled mode, which is sustained by a positive feedback between anomalous Australian high and sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over Indian Ocean, and (4) the ENSO developing mode. Based on understanding of the sources of the predictability for each mode, a set of physics-based empirical (P-E) models is established for prediction of the first four leading principal components (PCs). All predictors are selected from either persistent atmospheric lower boundary anomalies from March to June or the tendency from spring to early summer. We show that these four modes can be predicted reasonably well by the P-E models, thus they are identified as the predictable modes. Using the predicted PCs and the corresponding observed spatial patterns, we have made a 35-year cross-validated hindcast, setting up a bench mark for dynamic models' predictions. The P-E hindcast prediction skill represented by domain-averaged temporal correlation coefficient is 0.44, which is twice higher than the skill of the current dynamical hindcast, suggesting that the dynamical models have large rooms to improve. The maximum potential attainable prediction skills for the peak summer SEA rainfall is also estimated and discussed by using the PMA. High predictability regions are found over several climatological rainfall centers like Indo-China peninsula, southern coast of China, southeastern SCS, and Philippine Sea.</P>

A highly stretchable and conductive 3D porous graphene metal nanocomposite based electrochemical-physiological hybrid biosensor

Xuan, Xing,Kim, Ji Y.,Hui, Xue,Das, Partha S.,Yoon, Hyo S.,Park, Jae-Yeong Elsevier 2018 Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol.120 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, highly stretchable and flexible electrodes essential for wearable electronic devices has been reported. However, their electrical resistances are high, the fabrication processes are complicated and involve a high cost, and deformations such as stretching can lead to the degradation on electrical performance. To address these issues, a novel fabrication process (both inexpensive and simple) for the highly stretchable and conductive electrodes using well patterned 3D porous laser-induced graphene silver nanocomposite was developed. The fabricated electrode exhibited a high, uniform electrical conductivity even under mechanical deformations. Addition of platinum and gold nanoparticles (PtAuNP) on the 3D porous LIG greatly improved the electrochemical performance for wearable glucose sensor applications. The fabricated glucose sensor exhibited low detection limit (5 µM), and acceptable detection range from 0 to 1.1 mM (covers the glucose range in sweat), and high linearity (0.99). In addition, the fabricated pH sensor also exhibited a linear response (66 mV/pH) at the range from 4 to 7. This work successfully demonstrates the potential of this novel fabrication technique and stretchable LIG metal nanocomposite for wearable electrochemical-physiological hybrid biosensors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel process for the highly stretchable and conductive electrodes was developed using well patterned 3D porous LIG silver nanocomposite. </LI> <LI> Platinum and gold nanoparticles (PtAuNP) were deposited on the 3D porous LIG and it greatly improves the electrochemical performance. </LI> <LI> Human sweat samples were used and acceptable results were obtained using electrochemical-physiological hybrid biosensors. </LI> </UL> </P>

A wearable electrochemical glucose sensor based on simple and low-cost fabrication supported micro-patterned reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite electrode on flexible substrate

Xuan, Xing,Yoon, Hyo S.,Park, Jae Y. Elsevier 2018 Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol.109 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based nanostructured composite working electrode of high quality was successfully microfabricated and micro-patterned on a flexible polyimide substrate using simple low-cost fabrication processes. Gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited onto the microfabricated rGO surface and chitosan-glucose oxidase composites were integrated onto the modified surface of the working electrode to develop a human sweat-based wearable glucose sensor application. The fabricated biosensor exhibited excellent amperometric response to glucose at a detection range of 0–2.4 mM (covers the glucose range in sweat), with a sensitivity of 48 μA/mMcm<SUP>2</SUP>, a short response time (20 s), and high linearity (0.99). The detection limit for glucose was calculated as 5 µm. The human sweat/mixing glucose samples initially used for testing indicated acceptable detection performance and stability for low glucose concentrations. These results confirm that the proposed nanostructured composite flexible working electrode and fabrication process are highly promising for application as human sweat-based electrochemical glucose sensors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The rGO film was successfully synthesized and micro-patterned on a flexible substrate using a simple low-cost MEMS method. </LI> <LI> Gold and platinum alloy nanoparticles (AuPtNP) were electrochemically deposited on the micro-fabricated rGO surface and chitosan-glucose oxidase composites were integrated onto the modified surface of the working electrode to develop a human sweat-based wearable glucose sensor. </LI> <LI> The fabricated sensor, comprising three electrodes on a flexible PI substrate, exhibited high sensitivity (45 µA/mMcm2) and favorable detection limits (5 µM glucose) with sweat glucose. </LI> </UL> </P>