In vivo therapeutic success of microRNA-155 antagomir in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin

( Xiaoyuan Sun ),( Yu Kang ),( Shan Xue ),( Jing Zou ),( Jiabo Xu ),( Daoqiang Tang ),( Hui Qin ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.0

Background/Aims: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. The aim of this study was to explore whether miRNA antagomirs could serve as potential therapeutic agents in interstitial lung diseases. Methods: A mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM). Using microarray analysis, up-regulated miRNAs were identified during the development of pulmonary fibrosis. miR-155 was chosen as the candidate miRNA. Fifteen mice were then randomized into the following three groups: BLM + antagomiR-155 group, treated with BLM plus intravenously injected with antagomiR-155; BLM group, treated with intratracheal BLM plus phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); and a control group, treated with PBS only. Lung tissues were collected for histopathological analysis, hydroxyproline measurement, and Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used for the measurement of cytokines associated with pulmonary fibrosis. Results: Histological changes and hydroxyproline levels induced by BLM were significantly inhibited by antagomiR-155. The levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression were increased after BLM treatment. However, miR-155 silencing decreased the expression of IL-4, TGF-β, and interferon-γ. TGF-β-activated kinase 1/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 (MAP3K7)-binding protein 2 (TAB2) of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, was activated by BLM and inhibited by in vivo silencing of miR-155 via antagomiR-155. Conclusions: In vivo treatment with antagomiR-155 alleviated the pathological changes induced by BLM and may be a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.

Adaptive robust control of active magnetic bearings rigid rotor systems

Yuhao Xu,Xiaoyuan Wang,Mingxin Liu,Na Li,Tian Yu 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.6

Aiming at the problems of diffi cult decoupling, complex controller models, and poor disturbance rejection capability caused by the inherent nonlinear and strong coupling characteristics of the active magnetic bearing (AMB), an adaptive H-infinity robust control (AHRC) method is proposed in the AMBs-rigid rotor system. The proposed method combines the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) with the robust control to achieve stable operation of the AMBs-rigid rotor system under high-speed conditions. First, a four-degree-of-freedom (4-DOF) AMBs-rigid rotor model was established and transformed into a one-degree-of-freedom (1-DOF) model for the design of the robust controller, which weakens the coupling effect between each of the degrees of freedom (DOF). Then the multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was used to fi nd the relative optimal weighting function value of the H-infinite robust control (HRC), which solved the difficulties in the design of the robust controller for known controlled system models. In addition, by combining the optimized H-infi nity robust controller with the original error feedback control rate in the ADRC, the proposed AHRC retains the strong robustness of the HRC and the decoupling capability of the ADRC, which improves the tracking performance and anti-disturbance performance of the controlled system. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Intracellular Mechanistic Understanding of 2D MoS₂ Nanosheets for Anti-Exocytosis-Enhanced Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Zhu, Xianbing,Ji, Xiaoyuan,Kong, Na,Chen, Yunhan,Mahmoudi, Morteza,Xu, Xiaoding,Ding, Li,Tao, Wei,Cai, Ting,Li, Yujing,Gan, Tian,Barrett, Austin,Bharwani, Zameer,Chen, Hongbo,Farokhzad, Omid C. American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.3

<P>Emerging two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets (NSs), have shown tremendous potential for use in a wide variety of fields including cancer nanomedicine. The interaction of nanomaterials with biosystems is of critical importance for their safe and efficient application. However, a cellular-level understanding of the nano-bio interactions of these emerging 2D nanomaterials (<I>i</I>.<I>e</I>., intracellular mechanisms) remains elusive. Here we chose molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) NSs as representative 2D nanomaterials to gain a better understanding of their intracellular mechanisms of action in cancer cells, which play a significant role in both their fate and efficacy. MoS<SUB>2</SUB> NSs were found to be internalized through three pathways: clathrin → early endosomes → lysosomes, caveolae → early endosomes → lysosomes, and macropinocytosis → late endosomes → lysosomes. We also observed autophagy-mediated accumulation in the lysosomes and exocytosis-induced efflux of MoS<SUB>2</SUB> NSs. Based on these findings, we developed a strategy to achieve effective and synergistic <I>in vivo</I> cancer therapy with MoS<SUB>2</SUB> NSs loaded with low doses of drug through inhibiting exocytosis pathway-induced loss. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic experimental report on the nano-bio interaction of 2D nanomaterials in cells and their application for anti-exocytosis-enhanced synergistic cancer therapy.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

CRISPR/Cas9 Nuclease-Mediated Gene Knock-In in Bovine-Induced Pluripotent Cells

Heo, Young Tae,Quan, Xiaoyuan,Xu, Yong Nan,Baek, Soonbong,Choi, Hwan,Kim, Nam-Hyung,Kim, Jongpil Mary Ann Liebert 2015 STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT Vol.24 No.3

Micro-/Nanocombined Gas Sensors With Functionalized Mesoporous Thin Film Self-Assembled in Batches Onto Resonant Cantilevers

Haitao Yu,Pengcheng Xu,Xiaoyuan Xia,Dong-Weon Lee,Xinxin Li IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol.59 No.12

<P>This paper reports a novel top-down/bottom-up combined resonant microcantilever chemical sensor, where the nanosensing material of a functionalized mesoporous thin film (MTF) is directly self-assembled on the sensing region of the integrated microcantilever. By using the batch-producible nano-on-micro construction technique, a large number of such sensors can be batch fabricated with uniform performance and low cost. More importantly, the sensing molecule terminals can be simultaneously constructed at the pore inner surface when the MTF is directly grown on the cantilever. With -NH<SUB>2</SUB>-group-functionalized MTF directly grown onto the surface of the cantilever free end, the micro-/nanocombined gravimetric sensor has experimentally exhibited quick response and highly sensitive detection of CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas.</P>

Interaction between rice bran albumin and epigallocatechin gallate and their physicochemical analysis

Rui Yang,Yuqian Liu,Jingjing Xu,Wenting Shang,Xiaoyuan Zhang,Yongjin Wang,Chris Blanchard,Zhongkai Zhou 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.6

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is sensitive to heat thus its application in food industry is limited. In this work, rice bran albumin protein (RAP) was used as a carrier for EGCG. RAP-EGCG complexes (RAPE) were prepared with the binding number n of 0.0505:1 (EGCG: RAP, w/w) and binding constant K of (0.74 ± 0.002) 9 104 M-1, which suggests that hydrogen bond/van der Waals forces played important roles in such binding. FTIR analysis demonstrated that EGCG could induce the secondary structure changes of RAP above the ratio of 1.92:1 (EGCG:RAP, w/w). Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscope results showed that EGCG could trigger RAP association. Furthermore, the EGCG stability in RAPE was significantly improved than that of free EGCG in 10–60 C. The antioxidant ability of EGCG in RAPE was partially retained. These findings prove that RAP is a potential carrier for polyphenols and is beneficial for mechanism investigation between protein and polyphenols.

Toughening of melamine–formaldehyde foams and advanced applications based on functional design

Bing Song,Xueli Zhu,Wei Wang,Liang Wang,Xiaoyuan Pei,Xiaoming Qian,Liangsen Liu,Zhiwei Xu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.119 No.-

Owing to the intrinsic flame-retardancy, thermal stability, sound absorption, and easy processing, melamine–formaldehyde foams(MFs) have drawn substantial attention. Typically, the high-porosity and compressibilityof flexible MFs render them suitable for the construction of 3D templates and in thefabrication of porous N-doped carbon materials. But the widespread applications of MFs still suffer highbrittleness and low strength, calling for modifying and toughening MFs with more facile and economicalmethods, and much potential in advanced applications by functional design deserves further exploration. This review comprehensively summarized and evaluated the recent progress of the toughening methodsof MFs. We will also look into the applications of commercial MFs, carbonized MFs and foam-based compositesin flame retardancy and thermal management, oil/water separation, photothermal conversion,electrical energy storage, and other fields, aiming to give a guide for the preparation, modification, andexploitation of MFs both in traditional and emerging areas.

ORiginal Article : Association of IL28B Genotypes and Baseline Serum Interferon-γ-Inducible-Protein-10 Levels with Treatment Response in Hepatitis C Virus Patients in China

( Renwen Zhang ),( Cuiping Shao ),( Na Huo ),( Minran Li ),( Xiaoyuan Xu ) 대한간학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.3

Background/Aims: Several studies have demonstrated that serum interferon-γ-inducible-protein-10 (IP-10) levels at baseline and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the IL28B gene were associated with viral response and treatment outcomes. Our purpose was to assess the combination of pretreatment IP-10 levels with IL28B SNPs as predictors of treatment response to pegylated interferon α-2a plus ribavirin in patients infected with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus in China. Methods: Seventy-two patients with chronic hepatitis C without fibrosis/cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. The virologic parameters and baseline serum IP-10 levels were determined. IL-28B genotypes were determined by sequencing. Results: In this cohort, serum baseline IP-10 levels lower than 426.7 pg/mL could predict rapid virological response/ sustained virological response (SVR). Patients carrying favorable IL28B SNP genotypes had higher SVRs than did those carrying unfavorable variants (IL28B rs12979860, p=0.002; IL28B rs8099917, p=0.020). Combining both baseline IP- 10 and IL28B SNPs could improve the prediction of SVR in favorable allele carriers of IL28B, rs12979860 CC and rs8099917 TT. Serum baseline IP-10 levels and IL28B genotypes were independent predictors of SVR. Conclusions: Our study shows that the combination of baseline serum IP-10 levels and the determination of IL28B SNPs increase the predictability of SVR rates in this cohort. (Gut Liver 2016;10:446-455)