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Kang, In-Sik,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Lee, Maan-Gee,Jang, Il-Sung Elsevier 2018 european journal of pharmacology Vol.838 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Migraine is characterized by recurrent and disabling headaches; therefore, several drugs have been widely prescribed to prevent acute migraine attacks. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is among the most commonly administered. It is poorly known, however, whether amitriptyline modulates the excitability of dural afferent neurons that transmit pain signals from the dura mater. In this study, the effects of amitriptyline on tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na<SUP>+</SUP> channels were examined in acutely isolated rat dural afferent neurons, which were identified by the fluorescent dye DiI. The TTX-R Na<SUP>+</SUP> currents (I<SUB>Na</SUB>) were recorded from medium-sized DiI-positive neurons using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. Amitriptyline (3 μM) slightly reduced the peak component of transient I<SUB>Na</SUB> and induced a marked decrease in the steady-state component of transient TTX-R I<SUB>Na</SUB>, as well as in the slow ramp-induced TTX-R I<SUB>Na</SUB>. Our findings suggest that amitriptyline specifically inhibits persistent Na<SUP>+</SUP> currents mediated by TTX-R Na<SUP>+</SUP> channels. While amitriptyline had minor effects on voltage-activation/inactivation, it increased the extent of the use-dependent inhibition of TTX-R Na<SUP>+</SUP> channels. Amitriptyline also affected the inactivation kinetics of TTX-R Na<SUP>+</SUP> channels by significantly accelerating the inactivation of TTX-R Na<SUP>+</SUP> channels and slowing the subsequent recovery. Amitriptyline decreased the number of action potentials by increasing the threshold for their generation. In conclusion, the amitriptyline-mediated diverse modulation of TTX-R Na<SUP>+</SUP> channels would be, at least in part, responsible for its prophylactic efficacy for migraine attacks.</P>
Kang, Min-Woong,Song, Hee-Jung,Kang, Shin Kwang,Kim, Yonghwan,Jung, Saet-Byel,Jee, Sungju,Moon, Jae Young,Suh, Kwang-Sun,Lee, Sang Do,Jeon, Byeong Hwa,Kim, Cuk-Seong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.3
Nafamostat mesilate (NM) is a serine protease inhibitor with anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects. NM has been used in Asia for anticoagulation during extracorporeal circulation in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy and extra corporeal membrane oxygenation. Oxidative stress is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease and is associated with vascular endothelial function. We investigated whether NM could inhibit endothelial dysfunction induced by tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$ ). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with TNF-${\alpha}$ for 24 h. The effects of NM on monocyte adhesion, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein expression, p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, and intracellular superoxide production were then examined. NM ($0.01{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$) did not affect HUVEC viability; however, it inhibited the increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and p66shc expression elicited by TNF-${\alpha}$ (3 ng/mL), and it dose dependently prevented the TNF-${\alpha}$ -induced upregulation of endothelial VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. In addition, it mitigated TNF-${\alpha}$ -induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation and the adhesion of U937 monocytes. These data suggest that NM mitigates TNF-${\alpha}$ -induced monocyte adhesion and the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, and that the anti-adhesive effect of NM is mediated through the inhibition of p66shc, ROS production, and p38 MAPK activation.
Development of a Thickness Meter for Conductive Thin Films Using Four-Point Probe Method
Kang Jeon-Hong,Lee Sang-Hwa,Ruh Hyun,Yu Kwang-Min 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.4
A thin fi lm thickness meter was developed that is essential for thin fi lm thickness management in the manufacturing process of fl at panel displays such as touch panels and touch screens. The thickness measurement method of the meter is based on four-point probe method (Arther Uhlir in The Potentials of Infi nite Systems of Sources and Numerical Solutions of Problems in Semiconductor Engineering 34:105-128, 1955; Valdes in Resistivity Measurements on Germaniumfor Transistors 42:420- 427, 1954) and in the method, a thickness is determined by dividing the known electrical resistivity of a thin fi lm material by the sheet resistance, and the thin fi lm thickness measurement range is practically 1 nm–1 mm although the performance of the meter was confi rmed in the range of 2.2 nm–22 μm. In order to conveniently measure the thickness of a thin fi lm sample at a desired (to be measured) position, a probe station and a four-point probe were made. Place the four-point probe and the thin fi lm sample at the probe station. When the four-point probe is brought into contact with the surface of the thin fi lm sample using the upper and lower control knobs, the thickness measurement value is displayed on the meter, so the thickness of the thin fi lm can be measured quickly and accurately. In addition, 5 types of samples such as Pd, Al, Au, Nb, and Cu were used to confi rm the performance of the measuring device for the thin fi lm thickness measurement function. For sample preparation, 5 types of samples were deposited on a silicon wafer with 75 mm in diameter, and the thickness was measured within 10 mm of the center of the sample, and the thickness of the cross-section was observed by SEM and TEM. As the result, the agreement for the thickness values between by the measurement results and SEM or TEM was confi rmed in the range of 14 nm–1.6 μm.
Kang Hee Cho,Kwang-Sik Cho,Jeom Hwa Han,Hyun Ran Kim,Il Sheob Shin,Se Hee Kim,Jae An Chun,Hae-Sung Hwang 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
The precise, fast, and cost-effective identification of important fruit crop cultivars is essential for practical breeding and plant breeder’s rights. Traditional methods for identification of persimmon cultivars are based on the evaluation of sets of morphological characteristics. However, the identification using only morphological traits is difficult to distinguish among genetically closely related cultivars. This study was conducted to develop more reliable DNA markers for identification of the 32 persimmon cultivars in Korea and Japan. In total, 309 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were identified using 40 different random primers. The 4 (OPP-08) to 14 (UBD159) polymorphic bands were detected with an average of 7.7. The resulting 57 RAPD fragments were selected, and their sequences were determined for developing sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. As a result, 15 of 57 RAPD fragments were successfully converted to SCAR markers. A single polymorphic band of the same size as the RAPD fragments or smaller DNA fragments were amplified depending on primer combinations in the 15 SCAR markers. Among these markers, a combination of eight SCAR markers (PS225_200, PSN05_420, PSF13_523, PSN11_540, PS372_567, PS485_569, PSP08_635, and PS631_735) provided sufficient polymorphisms to identify 32 persimmon cultivars depending on number and size of amplicons. These newly developed markers will be useful as a fast and reliable tool to identify persimmon cultivars.
A Case of Tracheobronchial Aspergillosis Resolved Spontaneously in an Immunocompetent Host
Hwa Young Lee,Hyeon Hui Kang,Ji Young Kang,Sung Kyoung Kim,Su Hyun Lee,Yoon Yung Chung,Hye Seon Kang,Hee Sun Kwon,Hwa Sik Moon,Sang Haak Lee 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.73 No.5
A 47-year old man visited our hospital because of purulent sputum for 3 months. Chest X-ray showed destruction of both the upper lungs, and bronchoscopy revealed inflammatory change with whitish plaque on the left main bronchus through upper division of the left upper lobe. Tracheobronchial aspergillosis (TBA) was finally diagnosed as a result of histologic and microbiologic examination. However, he went abroad without medication before the diagnosis was made and visited again 10 months later. Follow-up bronchoscopy showed complete regression of the previously noted endobronchial lesion. We describe this case to consider the role of antifungal treatment in immunocompetent hosts, as well as to discuss a rare condition; TBA resolved spontaneously.