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Park, Shi-Young,Seo, Soo Boon,Lee, Soo-Jung,Na, Jong-Gil,Kim, Yung-Jin 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2001 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.17 No.-
Sodium tolerance in yeast is enhanced by continuous activation of calcineurin, a Ca^2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase that is required for modulation of the Na^+ efflux mechanism. We isolated several salt-tolerant mutations with the treatment of ethylmethane sulfonate under high salt stress. One of the mutations was mapped in the PMR1 gene. Pmr1p, the P-type Ca^2+ -ATPase in the Colgi apparatus, regulates a cytosolic Ca^2+ level in various responses. Cytosolic Ca^2+ concentration in the pmr1 mutant is highly maintained, and thus calcineurin is activated continuously. The treatment of FK506, a specific inhibitor of calcineurin, abolishes the salt-tolerant phenotype of the pmr1 mutant. Activates caicineurin induces the expression of PMR2, encoding the P-type Na^+-ATPase, through the specific transcription factor, Tcn1p/Crzlp. Also, experssion of the PMR2::lacZ reporter gene in the pmr1 higher than that in wild type. We propose that the pmr1 mutation confers salt tolerance through continuous activation of calcineurin and that Pmr1p might act as a major Ca^2+-ATPase under high salt stress.
Intrinsic rotation reversal, non-local transport, and turbulence transition in KSTAR L-mode plasmas
Shi, Y.J.,Kwon, J.M.,Diamond, P.H.,Ko, W.H.,Choi, M.J.,Ko, S.H.,Hahn, S.H.,Na, D.H.,Leem, J.E.,Lee, J.A.,Yang, S.M.,Lee, K.D.,Joung, M.,Jeong, J.H.,Yoo, J.W.,Lee, W.C.,Lee, J.H.,Bae, Y.S.,Lee, S.G.,Yo International Atomic Energy Agency 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.6
<P>Experiments of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH) power scan in KSTAR tokamak clearly demonstrate that both the cutoff density for non-local heat transport (NLT) and the threshold density for intrinsic rotation reversal can be determined by the collisionality. We demonstrate that NLT can be affected by ECH, and the intrinsic rotation direction follows the changes of NLT. The cutoff density of NLT and threshold density for rotation reversal can be significantly increased by ECH. The poloidal flow of turbulence in core plasma is in the electron and the ion diamagnetic direction in ECH plasmas and high density OH plasma, respectively. The auto-power spectra of density fluctuation are almost the same in the outer region for both ECH and OH plasmas. On the other hand, the divergence in density fluctuation spectra at high frequency range between OH and ECH plasma is clearly observed in core region. The features of linear confinement and saturated confinement also appeared in ECH plasma, which is similar to the linear ohmic confinement (LOC) mode and saturate ohmic confinement (SOC) mode. All these observations in macroscopic parameters and micro fluctuations suggest a possible link between the macro phenomena and the structural changes in turbulence mode.</P>
Incidence and Risk Factors of Ocular Infection Caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia
Jung, Jiwon,Lee, Junyeop,Yu, Shi Nae,Kim, Yong Kyun,Lee, Ju Young,Sung, Heungsup,Kim, Mi-Na,Kim, Sung-Han,Lee, Sang-Oh,Choi, Sang-Ho,Woo, Jun Hee,Lee, Joo Yong,Kim, Yang Soo,Chong, Yong Pil American Society for Microbiology 2016 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol.60 No.4
<P>Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) often leads to ocular infections, including endophthalmitis and chorioretinitis. However, the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ocular infections complicated by SAB are largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed the incidence and risk factors of ocular involvement in a prospective cohort of patients with SAB at a tertiary-care hospital. Ophthalmologists reviewed the fundoscopic findings and classified the ocular infections as endophthalmitis or chorioretinitis. During the 5-year study period, 1,109 patients had SAB, and data for 612 (55%) who underwent ophthalmic examinations within 14 days after SAB onset were analyzed. Of those 612 patients, 56 (9% [95% confidence interval [CI], 7 to 12%]) had ocular involvement, including 15 (2.5%) with endophthalmitis and 41 (6.7%) with chorioretinitis. In a multivariate analysis, infective endocarditis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.74 [95% CI, 2.25 to 14.64]) and metastatic infection (aOR, 2.38 [95% CI, 1.29 to 4.39]) were independent risk factors for ocular involvement. Of the 47 patients with ocular involvement who could communicate, only 17 (36%) had visual disturbances. Two-thirds of the patients with endophthalmitis (10/15 patients) were treated with intravitreal antibiotics combined with parenteral antibiotics, whereas all of the patients with chorioretinitis were treated only with systemic antibiotics. No patients became blind. Among 42 patients for whom follow-up assessments were available, the ocular lesions improved in 29 (69%) but remained the same in the others. Ocular involvement was independently associated with death within 30 days after SAB onset. Ocular involvement is not uncommon among patients with SAB. Routine ophthalmic examinations should be considered for patients with infective endocarditis or metastatic infections caused by SAB.</P>
Lee, Soo-Jung,Park, Shi-Young,Na, Jong-Gil,Kim, Yung-Jin 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2002 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.18 No.-
An osmosensing mechanism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade (HOG pathway). This study aimed to investigate the response of the yeast to osmotic stress. A mutant strain, in which the HOG1 gene was gene was disrupted by TRP1, was constructed. A spontaneous mutant, named YJY45, which suppresses the osmosensitive growth phenotype of the hog1 deletion mutant, was selected and showed a secondary phenotype of temperature sensitivity on YPD containing 0.5 M NaCl at 37℃. Our data indicate that the spontaneous mutation in YJY45 mutant was mapped KSS1, which is one of the MAPK family. The mutation in KSS1 suppresses the osmolarity-hypersensitive phenotype of the hog1 deletion mutation and restores GPD1 induction. ⓒ 2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Effects of environmental parameters for offshore wind turbine system with jacket support structure
이종선(Lee, Jong-Sun),박현철(Park, Hyun-Chul),김용환(Kim, Yong-Hwan),Shi, Wei,나상권(Na, Sangkwon),이종현(Lee, Jonghyun) 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11
This study investigates the effects of Pierson-Moskowitz, Jonswap spectrum that are typical irregular wave spectrums for wind turbine system with jacket support structure. Also various offshore environmental parameters based on korean local condition were used in our study. The loads acting on the system was considered by referring to the Design Load Case from IEC guide line. And improved von Karman model was used as a turbulence model. As a result, various significant wave height and peak spectral period cause noticeable difference of extreme and fatigue loads prediction.
DJ-1 protects cell death from a mitochondrial oxidative stress due to GBA1 deficiency
Nam Younwoo,Na Jiyeon,Ma Shi-Xun,Park Ha-Eun,Park Hyeonwoo,Lee Eunmin,Kim Hyerynn,Jang Sang-Min,Ko Han Seok,Kim Sangjune 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.5
Background GBA1 mutations are the most common genetic risk factor for development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The loss of catalytic activity in GBA1, as well as the reduction of the GBA1 protein in certain cellular compartment, may increase disease progression. However, the mechanisms underlying cellular dysfunction caused by GBA1 deficiency are still mostly unknown. Objective In this study, we focus on the genetic interaction between GBA1 deficiency and PD-causing genes, such as DJ-1, in mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods GBA1 knockout (KO) SH-SY5Y cells were used to assess DJ-1 functions against oxidative stress in vitro. The levels of cellular reactive oxygen species were monitored with MitoSOX reagent. The expression of the PARK7 gene was analyzed using the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). To understand the mechanism underlying DJ-1 upregulation in GBA1 KO cells, we assess ROS levels, antioxidant protein, and cell viability in GBA1 KO cells with treatment of ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-cysteine or miglustat, which is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase. Dopaminergic degeneration was assessed from Gba1 L444P heterozygous mice mated with Park7 knockout mice. Results We find that DJ-1 is significantly upregulated in GBA1 KO cells. Elevated levels of DJ-1 are attributed to the transcriptional expression of PARK7 mRNA, but not the inhibition of DJ-1 protein degradation. Because DJ-1 expression is highly linked to oxidative stress, we observe cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GBA1 KO cells. Moreover, several antioxidant gene expressions and protein levels are increased in GBA1 KO cells. To this end, GBA1 KO cells are more susceptible to H2O2-induced cell death. Importantly, there is a significant reduction in dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain from Gba1 L444P heterozygous mice mated with Park7 knockout mice, followed by mild motor dysfunction. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that DJ-1 upregulation due to GBA1 deficiency has a protective role against oxidative stress. It may be supposed that mutations or malfunctions in the DJ-1 protein may have disadvantages in the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the brains of patients harboring GBA1 mutations. Background GBA1 mutations are the most common genetic risk factor for development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The loss of catalytic activity in GBA1, as well as the reduction of the GBA1 protein in certain cellular compartment, may increase disease progression. However, the mechanisms underlying cellular dysfunction caused by GBA1 deficiency are still mostly unknown. Objective In this study, we focus on the genetic interaction between GBA1 deficiency and PD-causing genes, such as DJ-1, in mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods GBA1 knockout (KO) SH-SY5Y cells were used to assess DJ-1 functions against oxidative stress in vitro. The levels of cellular reactive oxygen species were monitored with MitoSOX reagent. The expression of the PARK7 gene was analyzed using the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). To understand the mechanism underlying DJ-1 upregulation in GBA1 KO cells, we assess ROS levels, antioxidant protein, and cell viability in GBA1 KO cells with treatment of ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-cysteine or miglustat, which is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase. Dopaminergic degeneration was assessed from Gba1 L444P heterozygous mice mated with Park7 knockout mice. Results We find that DJ-1 is significantly upregulated in GBA1 KO cells. Elevated levels of DJ-1 are attributed to the transcriptional expression of PARK7 mRNA, but not the inhibition of DJ-1 protein degradation. Because DJ-1 expression is highly linked to oxidative stress, we observe cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GBA1 KO cells. Moreover, several antioxidant gene expressions and protein levels are increased in GBA1 KO cells. To this end, GBA1 KO cells are more susceptible to H2O2-induced cell death. Importantly, there is a significant reduction in dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain from Gba1 L444P heterozygous mice mated with Park7 knockout mice, followed by mild motor dysfunction. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that DJ-1 upregulation due to GBA1 deficiency has a protective role against oxidative stress. It may be supposed that mutations or malfunctions in the DJ-1 protein may have disadvantages in the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the brains of patients harboring GBA1 mutations.
Sexual differences in post-hatching Saunders's gulls: size, locomotor activity, and foraging skill.
Yoon, Jongmin,Lee, Seung-Hee,Joo, Eun-Jin,Na, Ki-Jeong,Park, Shi-Ryong Zoological Society of Japan 2013 Zoological science Vol.30 No.4
<P>Various selection pressures induce the degree and direction of sexual size dimorphism in animals. Selection favors either larger males for contests over mates or resources, or smaller males are favored for maneuverability; whereas larger females are favored for higher fecundity, or smaller females for earlier maturation for reproduction. In the genus of Larus (seagulls), adult males are generally known to be larger in size than adult females. However, the ontogeny of sexual size dimorphism is not well understood, compared to that in adults. The present study investigates the ontogeny of sexual size dimorphism in Saunders's gulls (Larus saundersi) in captivity. We artificially incubated fresh eggs collected in Incheon, South Korea, and measured body size, locomotor activity, and foraging skill in post-hatching chicks in captivity. Our results indicated that the sexual differences in size and locomotor activity occurred with the post-hatching development. Also, larger males exhibited greater foraging skills for food acquisition than smaller females at 200 days of age. Future studies should assess how the adaptive significance of the sexual size dimorphism in juveniles is linked with sexual divergence in survival rates, intrasexual contests, or parental effort in sexes.</P>