유산양 유즙으로부터 분리된 세균의 분포 및 항균제 감수성 검사

김혜라 ( Hye Ra Kim1 ),정지영 ( Ji Young Jung ),김선득 ( Seon Deuk Kim ),박준영 ( Jun Young Park ),조인영 ( In Young Cho ),신성식 ( Sung Shik Shin ),손창호 ( Chang Ho Son ),오기석 ( Ki Seok Ok ),허태영 ( Tai Young Hur ),정영훈 ( Y 한국동물위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

The aim of this study was to isolate microorganisms from half milk samples of dairy goats by California mastitis test (CMT) during the lactation period and to further investigate the susceptibility of isolated organisms to antimicrobial drugs. From a total of 235 half milk samples with CMT scores of 2 or above from 366 dairy goats distributed throughout Jeonnam province, microorganisms were isolated from 198 (83.5%) samples either singly (99.0%) or in combination (1.0%). The most prevalent microorganism was the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., (44.4%, n=88) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.2%, n=48), Escherichia coli (11.1%, n=22) and Streptococcus spp. (7.6%, n=15). Isolated bacteria also included Bacillus spp. (2.5%, n=5), Pseudomonas spp. (2.5%, n=5), Micrococcus spp. (1.5%, n=3), Corynebacterium spp. (1.5%, n=3), Enterococcus facium (1.0%, n=2), Morganella morganii (0.5%, n=1) and Streptococcus agalactiae (0.5%, n=1). During the summer season, a high prevalence of all micro-organisms were observed in which Staphylococcus spp. (30.8%), Escherichia coli (8.6%), and Streptococcus spp. (5.6%) were among the most prevalent bacteria isolated. Staphylococcus spp. was also shown to be high in the winter (21.7%). In most samples, the presence of bacterial pathogens in goat milk led to the increase in the total somatic cell count (SCC). Most of the half milk samples of dairy goats with bacterial contamination showed SCC of ≥1×10(6) cells/ml (90.4%). Minor pathogens (11.4%) were more detected from milk samples with SCC of <1×10(6) cells/ml than major pathogens (4.1%), while the major pathogens tended to be higher from samples with SCC of ≥3×10(6) cells/ml. Susceptibility of these bacteria to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results indicated that more than 90% of bacteria isolated from CMT 2+ dairy goat half milk samples were susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic, enrofloxacin and cephalothin while they were resistant to tetracycline (44.7%).

Resistance Distribution in Thin Film Type SFCL Elements with Shunt Layers of Different Thicknes

Kim, Hye-Rim,Hyun, Ok-Bae,Lee, Seung-Yup,Yu, Kwon-Kyu,Kim, In-Seon The Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity a 2003 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.5 No.2

Resistance distribution in thin film type SFCL elements of different shunt layer thickness was investigated. The 300 nm thick film of 2 inch diameter was coated with a gold layer and patterned into 2 mm wide meander lines. The shunt layer thickness was varied by ion milling the shunt layer with Ar ions, and also by having the shunt layer grown in different thickness. The SFCL element was subjected to simulated AC fault current for measurements. It was immersed in liquid nitrogenduring the experiment. The resistance distribution was not affected by the shunt layer thickness at applied voltages that brought the temperature of the elements to similar values. This result could be explained with the concept of heat transfer from the film to the surroundings. The resistance distribution was independent of the shunt layer thickness because thick sapphire substrates of high thermal conductivity dominated the thermal conductance of the elements.

Micropropagation of Hypericum erectum Thunberg by using Thidiazuron

Kim, Ok-Tae,Bang, Kyong-Hwan,In, Dong-Soo,Kim, Tae-Soo,Seong, Nak-Sul,Cha, Seon-Woo,Ahn, Jun-Cheul,Hwang, Baik The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2006 韓國藥用作物學會誌 Vol.14 No.5

The effect of plant growth regulators was investigated on in vitro shoot proliferation from axillary bud explants of Hypericum erectum. To determine the optimal cytokinin for proliferation of axillay buds, we carried out screening four cytokinins (BA, kinetin, 2iP, TDZ). When nodal segments were cultured on MS medium supplemented with $4.5\;{\mu}M$ TDZ (thidiazuron), a number of shoots were induced. Our results indicated that the addition of TDZ to culture medium resulted in the induction of significantly more axillary buds than in the addition of other cytokinins. The optimal concentration of TDZ for proliferation of axillary buds was $10\;{\mu}M$. 92% of shoots spontaneously rooted without any plant growth regulator (PGR) and formed whole plantlets within one month. More than 95% of these regenerants survived and they did not show any detectable variation in morphology or growth characteristics compared to their donor plants.

Comparison of the Lighting Environment in Study Rooms for Juveniles between the City and the Country

Kim, Hyun-Ji,Jeon, Gyeong-Seon,An, Ok-Hee The Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrica 2009 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.23 No.7

The research aims at providing data needed for planning the lighting of a study room by comparing the lighting environments of study rooms for urban and rural juveniles. The subject of the research was 300 students in middle schools in Daegu and Checngdo-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do (Daegu 150 houses and Cheongdo 150 houses), and their study rooms were examined. The following is the result of the research. First, rural students stayed more time in their study room than urban students. The task that rural students (studying) and urban students (studying and using computer) all did in their study room was mainly visual work Second, although the sizes of rural study rooms were bigger than those of urban study rooms, urban study rooms had more light sources than rural study rooms. In the rate that of having a task lighting, the city(87.1[%]) was higher than the country (45.7[%]). However, the rate of using a task lighting was lot high in both the city and the country. Third, the result that compared the average values of illuminations on desk planes was that the average value of the city was 3.4 times higher than that of the country. Also, the average value of the country did not meet the standard illumination of Korean industrial standards (KS). In particular, it did not reach the lowest standard. The result is related with that only 52[%] of students who had a task lighting used it. Finally, the satisfaction of lighting environment in the city was generally higher than the country. Especially, although the country had a low illumination, the user showed a high satisfaction. It indicates that people living in the country need to understand about the needs of illumination.

Physiological Responses of Adults during Horticultural Activities using Soil Inoculated by Streptomyces rimosus : A Metabolomics Approach

Seon-Ok Kim,Min-Ji Kim,Na-Yoon Choi,Yu Tong Wu,Choong Hwan Lee,Sin-Ae Park 한국원예학회 2022 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2022 No.5

Structure and dye-sensitized solar cell application of TiO₂ nanotube arrays fabricated by the anodic oxidation method

Ok, Seon-Yeong,Cho, Kwon-Koo,Kim, Ki-Won,Ryu, Kwang-Sun Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2010 Physica scripta Vol.2010 No.t139

<P>Well-ordered TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotube arrays were fabricated by the potentiostatic anodic oxidation method using pure Ti foil as a working electrode and ethylene glycol solution as an electrolyte with the small addition of NH<SUB>4</SUB>F and H<SUB>2</SUB>O. The influence of anodization temperature and time on the morphology and formation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotube arrays was examined. The TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotube arrays were applied as a photoelectrode to dye-sensitized solar cells. Regardless of anodizing temperature and time, the average diameter and wall thickness of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotube arrays show a similar value, whereas the length increases with decreasing reaction temperature. The conversion efficiency is very low, which is due to a morphology breaking of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotube arrays in the manufacturing process of a photoelectrode.</P>

L2-Erwerbsforschung im Fach DaF und ihre didaktische Relevanz fur den Deutschunterricht in Korea: Beispiel ,Interaktionsstudie'

Kim, Ok-Seon 한국독일어교육학회 1996 외국어로서의 독일어 Vol.1 No.-

본 논문의 주제는 제 2어 습득연구이다. 우선 DaF내에서 제2어습득연구의 위치를 매겨 보았다. 이러한 DaF내의 자리매김에서 제2어습득연구는 언어교수 및 학습현장에서 제기된 문제를 그 교수 및 학습현장의 개선을 위한 '기초연구분야'로서의 역할을 수행한다. 역기서DaF는 단순히 독어를 가르치는 범위를 넘어 효과적인, 학습의 토대를 제공하는 학문적 학과로 이해된다. DaF내의 제2어습득연구는 독어습득을 결정짓는 언어적, 비언어적, 학습자내적, 외적요인들을 중심으로 행해진다. 이 분야의 최근 연구경향은 '통합적'으로 특징지워 지는데 이는 '상호작용 Interaktion'으로 개념화 된다. 본 논문의 또 다른 중점은 이러한 제2어습득연구가 어떻게 외국어수업에 기여할 수 있는가 하는 응용적 측면에 있다. 상호작용의 시각에서 행해진 연구중 자연적 습득상황에서 모국인 대 외국인의 대화분석 MS-NMS-Interaktion in naturlicher Erwebssituation 과 외국어수업에서 교사-학생간 상호작용Unterrichtsinateraktion(zwischen dem Lerher und den Lernern)을 비교하여 좀 더 효과적인 독어수업(독어회화)을 위한 제안들을 추론하였다. (1) 상호작용의 독어수업(독어회화)을 위한 제안들을 추론하였다. 본틀로 형성된더. 이러한 틀내에서 학습자는 반응하는 화행만을 익히며 스스로 외국어규칙과 사용에 관한 가설을 세우고 이를 검증할 기회를 갖지 못한다. 교사주도로 형성되는 상호작용의 구조는 다른 수업형태(Arbeits-und Slzialform)를 점진적으로 도입함으로써 학습자주도로 전환되어질 수 있다. (2) 외국어수업의 또 다른 하나의 특징은 학습자의 이해를 돕기 위한 의도에서 행해지는 교사의 독점적 설명이다. 단순히 언어의 변화로 표현되는 교사의 설명은 학습자의 이해를 더욱 복잡하게 한다. 외국인 대 모국인의 담화분석에서 이해는 상호간의 협동적 노력으로 이루어지는데. 이때 언어변화는 통상 담화구조의 변화를 동반하며 이 후자의 변화가 훨씬 일관성있게 나타나며 이해에 더욱 많이 기여함이 밝혀졌다. 그러므로 외국어수업에서 교사는 언어만을 단순화시키는 것이 아니라 상호작용적 변화 Interaktionelle Modifikation도 꾀해야 한다. 학습자 역시 다양한 의사소통전략을 활용함으로써 자신의 의도를 효과적으로 표현할 수 있어야 한다. 교사의 설명 및 학습자의 이해와 관련하여 일언어적 외국어교수법 Einsprachigkeit의 무조건적 고수보다는 탈도그마화된 이중언어교수법 entdogmatisierte aufgeklarte Zweisprachigkeit 가 권장된다. (3) '의사소통능력' 이라는 학습목표는 외국어수업이 처한 환경적(시간, 장소) 제약으로 쉽게 이룰 수 없다. 또한 의사소통능력이란 개개의 의사소통상황에서 상호간의 이해에 도달해 가는 과정적 지식 procedural knowledge을 포함한다. 외국어수업은 낱낱의 언어지식 declerative knowledge과 함께 과정적 지식을 지닌 학습 및 소통전략을 체계적으로 다루어야 한다. '인지적 전환기 kognitive Wende' 이후의 외국어 수업목표는 학습자가 처한 습득상태와 조건에서 계속 스스로 배우는 능력을 함양시키는 것이다. 그러므로 독어회화수업의 목표는 학습자의 잠재적 능력을 효율적으로 활용하는 과정적 지식을 훈련시켜 학습자가 수업밖의 환경(자연적 습득환경)에서도 견디어 내어 스스로 계속 배울 수 있는 전략적 능력 steategische Kompetenz을 계발함에 두어야 한다.

Time-dependently expressed markers and the characterization for premature senescence induced by ionizing radiation in MCF7

Kim, Bong Cho,Han, Na-Kyung,Byun, Hae-Ok,Kim, Seung-Soo,Ahn, Eun-Kyung,Chu, In-Sun,Leem, Sun-Hee,Lee, Cheol-Koo,Lee, Jae-Seon Spandidos Publications 2010 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.24 No.2

<P>Senescence has been suggested as a defense mechanism to block sporadic induction of cancer cells. Radiation treatment induces proliferating cancer cells to turn into non-proliferating senescent cells in vitro. To characterize transcriptional reprogramming after radiation treatment, we measured the gene expression profiles of MCF7 at different time points after treatment. In these experiments, we found that IR induced premature senescence in MCF7 cells, and IR treatment resulted in significant changes in the expression of 305 marker genes (<1% FDR), which were strongly correlated (|r|>0.9) with IR treatment in a time-dependent manner. Functional analysis of these markers indicated that the dynamics of cytoskeletal structure and lysosomal activity gradually increased. The expression of maker genes for modulator proteins, that were responsible for the dynamics of actin stress fibers and focal adhesion, displayed a particularly strong positive correlation with senescence-associated (SA) morphological changes through time. We also observed a strong induction of genes related to lysosomal metabolic activity, which was accompanied by an increase in the number of SA-beta-Gal positive cells. However, the expression of genes for cell cycle progression, post-transcription and translation activities gradually decreased after radiation treatment. Especially, we observed clear cell cycle arrest specifically at the S and G2/M phases with consistent down-regulation of genes for microtubule assembly/disassembly or spindle biogenesis.</P>

Clinical Characteristics and Psychotropic Drug Prescription Patterns of Bipolar Disorder Patients with a History of Suicidal Attempts: Findings from the REAP-BD, Korea

Seon-Cheol Park,Kiwon Kim,Ok-Jin Jang,Seung-Gon Kim,이정구,Joon Hyuk Park,Joonho Choi,Dong-Woo Lee,Shih-Ku Lin,Chay-Hoon Tan,Naotaka Shinfuku,Yong Chon Park 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.6

Our study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and psychotropic prescription patterns of a history of suicide attempts in South Koreans with bipolar disorder (BD), by using only Korean data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Pattern for Bipolar disorder. The patterns of clinical characteristics and psychotropic drug use were compared among 53 patients with a history of suicide attempts and 297 without this history; the potential effects of confounding variables were adjusted with binary logistic analyses for discrete variables and analyses of covariance for continuous variables. After adjusting the effects of age, sex, duration of illness, and enrollment as an outpatient, patients with a history of suicide attempts were characterized by a significantly more prevalent depressive episode, lower prevalent remission state, lower levels of hemoglobin, and more use of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and hypnotics compared to those without lifetime suicide attempt. The inability to plan goal-directed behavior may be an intervening factor in the relationship between suicide attempts and depression in BD. Relatively low hemoglobin levels can be associated with manic episodes in patients with a history of suicide attempts and the use of antidepressants, anxiolytics, or hypnotics can be associated with suicide attempts in BD patients.

Neonicotinoid insecticides residue in leafy and fruit vegetables marketed from the southern area of Seoul

Kim Nam Hoon,Kim Tae Rang,Jung Bo Kyung,Kim Dong Kyu,Jin Young Hee,Song Mi Ok,Lee Chun Young,Choi Hee Jin,Park Jeong Eun,Kim Min Jeong,Kim Hyun Jeong,Yun Eun Seon 한국분석과학회 2022 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.11