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한국 학생들의 영어 어두자음 발화학습에 관한 실험 연구
강석근,이희천 서울대학교 어학연구소 2002 語學硏究 Vol.38 No.1
The purpose of this paper is to examine through experiment if Korean students can learn sounds like /r/, /f/, /b/ and /v/ precisely, sounds which Korean does not contain, and to discover methods whereby this learning may be accomplished. To this end, we prepared two kinds of test materials with 30 questions each, consisting of pairs with /l, r/, /f, p/, and /b, v/ in word-initial positions. In the tests, 40 third-year students from Janghang Technical High School served as subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. The tests consisted of two steps. First, we examined each group's pronunciation ability of the above consonants in word-initial positions. Next, after teaching the experimental group the differences between the consonants above with special programs, we examined their degree of improvement. The results showed that the pronunciation ability of the experimental group improved more than that of the control group. In conclusion, although most of the subjects of the control group had difficulty in pronouncing the sounds that Korean does not contain, they improved their pronunciation ability to some degree by learning the place and manner of articulation, and through reetitive practice.
( Seok Hui Kang ),( A Young Kim ),( Jun Young Do ) 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.6
Background: Further studies are needed to identify whether muscle mass, muscle strength, or sarcopenia is the best indicator of survival in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). We aimed to compare the association of sarcopenia and its components with survival in patients undergoing PD. Methods: We identified all patients with PD (n = 199). We routinely recommended handgrip strength (HGS) and lean mass measurements using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in all patients with PD. Sarcopenia was defined using cutoff values from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. We evaluated the patient and technique survival rates. Results: The number of patients with low HGS was 95 (47.7%). The median follow-up interval was 17 months (interquartile range, 13-21 months). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients with low HGS or sarcopenia had poorer patient and technique survival compared with patients with normal HGS or without sarcopenia. Cox regression analysis showed that patients with low HGS had greater hazard ratios for patient death and technique failure compared with those with normal HGS. However, patients with low muscle mass were not significantly higher hazard ratios for patient death or technique failure compared with those with normal muscle mass. Patients with sarcopenia had significantly greater hazard ratios for patient death or technique failure than those without sarcopenia only in univariate analysis. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that HGS may be superior to muscle mass or sarcopenia for predicting patient or technique survival in patients undergoing PD.
( Seok Hui Kang ),( Byung Ha Chung ),( Sun Ryoung Choi ),( Ja Young Lee ),( Hoon Suk Park ),( In O Sun ),( Bum Soon Choi ),( Cheol Whee Park ),( Yong Soo Kim ),( Chul Woo Yang ) 대한내과학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.26 No.1
Background/Aims: Many studies have compared patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on renal replacement therapy (RRT) with non-lupus patients. However, few data are available on the long-term outcome of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to SLE who are managed by different types of RRTs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study on 59 patients with ESRD who underwent maintenance RRT between 1990 and 2007 for SLE. Of these patients, 28 underwent hemodialysis (HD), 14 underwent peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 17 patients received kidney transplantation (KT). We analyzed the clinical outcomes in these patients to determine the best treatment modality. Results: The mean follow-up period was 5 ± 3 years in the HD group, 5 ± 3 years in the PD group, and 10 ± 5 years in the KT group (p = 0.005). Disease flare-up was more common in the HD group than in the KT group (p = 0.012). Infection was more common in the PD and HD groups than in the KT group (HD vs. KT, p = 0.027; PD vs. KT, p = 0.033). Cardiovascular complications were more common in the HD group than in the other groups (p = 0.049). Orthopedic complications were more common in the PD group than in the other groups (p = 0.028). Bleeding was more common in the HD group than in the other groups (p = 0.026). Patient survival was greater in the KT group than in the HD group (p = 0.029). Technique survival was lower in the PD group than in the HD group (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Among patients with ESRD secondary to SLE, KT had better patient survival and lower complication rates than HD and lower complication rates than PD. The prognosis between the HD and PD groups was similar. We conclude that if KT is not a viable treatment option, any alternative treatment should take into account the patient`s general condition and preference. (Korean J Intern Med 2011;26:60-67)
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome Caused by Steroid Therapy in a Patient with Lupus Nephritis
Kang, Seok-Hui,Lee, Ja-Young,Park, Hoon-Suk,Sun, In-O,Choi, Sun-Ryoung,Chung, Byung-Ha,Choi, Bum-Soon,Yang, Chul-Woo,Kim, Yong-Soo,Park, Cheol-Whee The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2011 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.26 No.3
<P>A 51-yr-old female was referred to our outpatient clinic for the evaluation of generalized edema. She had been diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). She had taken no medicine. Except for the ITP, she had no history of systemic disease. She was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunosuppressions consisting of high-dose steroid were started. When preparing the patient for discharge, a generalized myoclonic seizure occurred at the 47th day of admission. At that time, the laboratory and neurology studies showed hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Brain MRI and EEG showed brain atrophy without other lesion. The seizure stopped after the blood sugar and serum osmolarity declined below the upper normal limit. The patient became asymptomatic and she was discharged 10 weeks after admission under maintenance therapy with prednisolone, insulin glargine and nateglinide. The patient remained asymptomatic under maintenance therapy with deflazacort and without insulin or medication for blood sugar control.</P>
The relationship between disability and clinical outcomes in maintenance dialysis patients
( Seok Hui Kang ),( Jun Young Do ),( Jun Chul Kim ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2021 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.38 No.2
Background: Dialysis patients are prone to having disabilities. We aimed to evaluate the association between disability and various clinical outcomes in Korean dialysis patients. Methods: This study consisted of 1,615 dialysis patients from 27 centers. We evaluated disability by using four questions on the activities of daily living (ADLs) concerning whether help was needed for feeding, dressing/undressing, getting in/out of bed, or taking a bath/shower. We divided the patients into three groups: no disability (Non-D, none of the four ADL domains required help; n=1,312), mild disability (Mild-D, one ADL domain required some/full help; n=163), or moderate to severe disability (MS-D, two or more ADL domains required some/full help; n=140). We evaluated falls, frailty, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), mortality, and hospitalization. Results: The numbers of participants with a fall during the last 1 year were 199 (15.2%), 42 (25.8%), and 44 (31.4%) in the Non-D, Mild-D, and MS-D groups, respectively (p<0.001). The numbers of participants with frailty in the Non-D, Mild-D, and MS-D groups were 381 (29.0%), 84 (51.5%), and 93 (66.4%), respectively (p<0.001). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, the physical component scale and mental component scale scores decreased as the grade of disability increased (p<0.001 for both scores). Hospitalization-free survival rate at 500 days was 64.2%, 56.7%, and 51.1% in the Non-D, Mild-D, and MS-D, respectively (p=0.001 for trend). Patient survival rate at 500 days was 95.3%, 89.5%, and 92.3% in the Non-D, Mild-D, and MS-D, respectively (p=0.005 for trend). Conclusion: Disability was associated with falls, frailty, HRQoL scales, and survival trends in Korean dialysis patients.