HD급 H.264 기술의 발전 동향

석진욱,김범호,이정우,조창식,Seok, J.W.,Kim, B.H.,Lee, J.W,Cho, C.S. 한국전자통신연구원 2006 전자통신동향분석 Vol.21 No.1

H. 264 비디오 표준은 2005년 현재, MPEG-2를 대체하는 새로운 비디오 표준으로서세계 각국에서 신 개념 멀티미디어 서비스의 기본 기술로서 채택이 유력시 되고 있다.한국에서는 DMB 서비스를 위한 기본 비디오 기술로서 알려져 있는 H. 264는 미국 및유럽 등에서는 차세대 HD 서비스를 위한 비디오 코덱으로 받아 들여지고 있으며 HD급 H. 264 시스템 기술 경쟁이 날로 치열해지고 있는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 HD급고화질 H. 264 기술에 대한 소개와 발전 동향을 설명하고 ETRI에서 독자 개발한 HD급H. 264 부호화기와 복호화기의 소개 및 성능에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

Lysine deacetylase inhibition attenuates hypertension and is accompanied by acetylation of mineralocorticoid receptor instead of histone acetylation in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Seok, Y. M.,Lee, H. A.,Park, K. M.,Hwangbo, M. H.,Kim, I. K. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology Vol.389 No.7

<P>Inhibition of lysine deacetylase (KDAC) attenuated development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). We hypothesized that KDAC inhibition attenuates hypertension and is accompanied by acetylation of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) instead of histone acetylation in SHRs. Valproate (VPA, 0.71 % wt/vol), an inhibitor of class I KDACs, was administered in drinking water to 7-week-old SHRs and Wistar Kyoto rats for 11 weeks. MR acetylation was determined by immunoprecipitation with anti-MR antibody followed by western blot with anti-acetyl-lysine antibody. Expression levels of acetylated histone H3, KDACs, MR target genes, or MR corepressors in the kidney cortex were measured by using western blot analysis or real-time PCR. Recruitment of MR and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and histone modifications on promoters of target genes were analyzed by performing a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Treatment of SHR with VPA increased MR acetylation without affecting MR expression, which attenuated development of hypertension in SHR VPA decreased expression of KDAC class I but globally increased acetylated histone H3. Although VPA treatment increased histone 3 acetylation (H3Ac) and trimethylation of the fourth lysine (H3K4me3) in the promoter regions of MR target genes, it decreased the expression of target genes as well as recruitment of MR and Pol II. These results suggest that KDAC inhibition attenuates the development of hypertension in SHRs and is accompanied by acetylation of MR that is independent of histone acetylation.</P>

Growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus in Whey - based Medium and Preparation of Cell Concentrate for Production of Probiotics

( Seok San Hong,Wang June Kim,Seong Kwan Cha,Byong H . Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회 1996 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.6 No.2

풋콩생산과 시장전망

김석동,김홍식,홍은희,유용환 한국콩연구회 1992 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.9 No.2

풋콩의 生産體系 確立을 위하여 실제로 풋콩을 栽培하고 있는 農家의 栽培方法과 시중에 流通되고 있는 풋콩 價格을 調査 하였고, 풋콩 適性이 높은 日本 導入 3品種과 國內有望 1品種을 供試, 水原과 務安에서 播種期 (5.15, 6.15)에 따른 生産力을 檢討하였으며, 良質種子 生産 體系 確立을 위하여 3品種을 供試, 4地域에서 播種期 (5.15, 6.15)에 따른 良質種子生産 可能性을 檢討하였다. 한편 日本서 導入된 풋콩 脫莢 및 選別機械(KE-5T형)을 利用하여 生産費 節減을 위한 省力化 程度를 調査하였고, 풋콩의 消費形態와 外國의 冷凍加工技術의 紹介 및 앞으로의 풋콩시장 展望에 대하여 敍述한바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 풋콩에 대한 標準栽培法이 確立되지 않아 農家마다 相異한 方法으로 栽培되고 있어 良質多牧 풋콩生産에 間題가 되고 있다. 2. 大部分의 풋콩栽培 農家는 日木 導入種子를 輸入하여 栽培하고 있으며 種予 構入價格이 國內 一般콩 種子價格의 8-10倍 程度가 비싸 풋콩栽培에 負擔이 컸다. 3. 풋콩 市場價格은 서울이 가장 높았고 時期別로는 풋콩이 처음 出荷되는 7月上旬에 가장 높았고 점차 낮아져 8月中旬에 가장 낮았으며 추석을 前後하여 價格이 上昇하였다. 4. 農家의 販賣 所得은 施設栽培의 경우 10a當 約 189만∼400만원, 露地栽培의 適期播種일 경우에는 1Oa當 65만∼150만원 정도로 추정되었다. 5. 生産力檢定 結果, 풋콩용 品種으로는 미가와시마와 유스즈미가 有望視 되었고, 水原에서는 5.15이전 播種이, 務安에서는 6.15일 까지 播種하여도 풋콩 收量의 安定的 生産 및 農家所得 增大면에서 유리할 것으로 判斷되었다. 6. 풋콩용 良質種子를 生産키 위해서는 水原보다는 北部 山間地域인 鐵原, 平昌이 유리하였고, 播種期는 登熟期間中 高溫과 多濕을 피할 수 있는 時期 (6월15일 播種)를 택하여 潘種하는 것이 미이라립 발생을 輕減시키는 同時에 種子의 發芽力도 높일수 있었다. 7. 풋콩脫莢 및 選別機 (KE-5T型)는 人力에 비해 脫莢 및 選別過程에서 82%의 省力化 (10a當 平均 9.5時間)가 可能하였다. 8. 풋콩의 消費增大를 위해선 풋콩加工 技術과 消費形態의 多樣化 開發이 要求되고 있으며, 特히 國外의 輸出競爭力 强化를 위해선 풋콩 急速冷凍 貯藏技術의 開發이 時急히 要請되고 있다. 9. 生活水準의 向上과 食生活의 多樣化로 國內 및 日本의 풋콩 消費量과 輸入量이 增加 될 것으로 展望되며, 待히 氣候的으로나 地理的로 日本에 가깝기 때문에 日本 國內풋콩 品質과 같은 良質의 풋콩 生産이 可能할 것이므로 輸人開放化에 對應한 代替 및 高所得 作目으로 期待된다. Conventional cultural practices and prices of vegetable soybean were extensively studied to establish its production system. Four soybean genotypes were grown in Suwon and Mokpo with kwo planting dates (May15, June15) to evaluate for their production and quality of vegetable soybean. To determine optimum planting date and site for good seed production of vegetable soybean, two different planting dates (May 15 and June 15) were applied to three vegetable soybean genotypes introduced from Japan at four locations (Suwon, Cheolwon, Pyoungchang, and Taegu). Cost down through the harvest of vegetable soybean with threshing and separating machine(KE-5T type) was analyzed, and utilization of vegetable soybean, its foreign cryo-conservation technique and prospect for its production were surveyed. The tesults were summarized as follows. 1. There is a need to establish the production system for good vegetable soybean at the farmer's level, due to the absence of standard cultural techniques for vegetable soybean production. 2. Vegetable soybean seed price, mostly imported from Japan, was 8 to 10 times higher than domestic one which resulted in higher production cost. 3. Marketing price of vegetable soybean was the highest in Seoul. Gradual decrease in vegetable soybean price was shown from early July to mid August. Afterwards the price was increased to Thanks Giving Day. 4. Net income from vegetable soybean production per 10a is about 1.89 to 4.00 million Korean won for protected cultivation and 0.65 to 1.5 million Korean won for open cultivation in full season cropping. 5. Yield performance test showed that Mikawashima and Yhusuzumi were the promising genotypes for vegetable soybean. High yield performance of vegetable soybean was achieved when planted around May 15 in Suwon and Junc l5 in Muan. 6. Cheolwon and Pyoungchang were recognized as good site for seed production due to good seed vigority and low infection by pod and stem blight, especially when planted at June 15. 7. The time required for harvesting with KE-5T was only 9.5 hours per 10a, which showed 82%. Cost down when compared to 52 hours per l0a with hand harvesting. 8. Versatile utilization has to be established to increase the demand for vegetable soybean, and special emphasis for storing techniques has been placed to increase the ability to face against import from foreign countries. 9. Spending and importing vegetable soybean might be increased due to the improvement of living level and versatile ways of vegetable soybean utilization. Vegetable soybean with good quality, compared to that in Japan, is expected to be produced in Korea due to the climatic and geographic nearness from Japan.

Combined oral contraceptive synergistically activates mineralocorticoid receptor through histone code modifications

Igunnu, A.,Seok, Y.M.,Olatunji, L.A.,Kang, S.H.,Kim, I. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 european journal of pharmacology Vol.769 No.-

Clinical studies have shown that the use of combined oral contraceptive in pre-menopausal women is associated with fluid retention. However, the molecular mechanism is still elusive. We hypothesized that combined oral contraceptive (COC) ethinyl estradiol (EE) and norgestrel (N) synergistically activates mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) through histone code modifications. Twelve-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with olive oil (control), a combination of 0.1@?g EE and 1.0@?g N (low COC) or 1.0@?g EE and 10.0@?g N (high COC) as well as 0.1 or 1.0@?g EE and 1.0 or 10.0@?g N daily for 6 weeks. Expression of MR target genes in kidney cortex was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. MR was quantified by western blot. Recruitment of MR and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) on promoters of target genes as well as histone code modifications was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Treatment with COC increased renal cortical expression of MR target genes such as serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (Sgk-1), glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (Gilz), epithelial Na<SUP>+</SUP>channel (Enac) and Na<SUP>+</SUP>-K<SUP>+</SUP>-ATPase subunit α1 (Atp1a1). Although COC increased neither serum aldosterone nor MR expression in kidney cortex, it increased recruitment of MR and Pol II in parallel with increased H3Ac and H3K4me3 on the promoter regions of MR target genes. However, treatment with EE or N alone did not affect renal cortical expression of Sgk-1, Gilz, Enac or Atp1a1. These results indicate that COC synergistically activates MR through histone code modifications.

Upregulation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase by radiation potentiates the effect of bioreductive beta-lapachone on cancer cells.

Choi, Eun K,Terai, Kaoru,Ji, In-Mi,Kook, Yeon H,Park, Kyung H,Oh, Eun T,Griffin, Robert J,Lim, Byung U,Kim, Jin-Seok,Lee, Doo S,Boothman, David A,Loren, Melissa,Song, Chang W,Park, Heon Joo Stockton Press 2007 Neoplasia Vol.9 No.8

<P>We found that beta-lapachone (beta-lap), a novel bioreductive drug, caused rapid apoptosis and clonogenic cell death in A549 human lung epithelial cancer cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The clonogenic cell death caused by beta-lap could be significantly inhibited by dicoumarol, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxido-reductase (NQO1), and also by siRNA for NQO1, demonstrating that NQO1-induced bioreduction of beta-lap is an essential step in beta-lap-induced cell death. Irradiation of A549 cells with 4 Gy caused a long-lasting upregulation of NQO1, thereby increasing NQO1-mediated beta-lap-induced cell deaths. Although the direct cause of beta-lap-induced apoptosis is not yet clear, beta-lap treatment reduced the expression of p53 and NF-kappaB, whereas it increased cytochrome C release, caspase-3 activity, and gammaH2AX foci formation. Importantly, beta-lap treatment immediately after irradiation enhanced radiation-induced cell death, indicating that beta-lap sensitizes cancer cells to radiation, in addition to directly killing some of the cells. The growth of A549 tumors induced in immunocompromised mice could be markedly suppressed by local radiation therapy when followed by beta-lap treatment. This is the first study to demonstrate that combined radiotherapy and beta-lap treatment can have a significant effect on human tumor xenografts.</P>

혈중 갑상선자극홀몬 측정의 진단적 의의에 관한 연구

이종석,이학중,문성수,석광호,박우한,한창순 대한핵의학회 1980 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.14 No.2

저자들은 혈중 TSH의 방사면역측정을 정상인과 각종 갑상선질환 환자들에게 실시하여 의미있는 결과를 얻었기에 이에 보고하는 바이다. 환자들은 1978년 1월부터 1980년 8월까지 국립경찰병원 내과에 내원한 각종 갑상선환자 41예와 정상인 22예를 대상으로 하였다. 1) 정상인 22예의 혈충 TSH치는 평균 4.2∼1.7μU/ml이고, 그 범위는 1.9∼7.4μU/ml이었다. 2) 원발성 갑상선기능저하증 9예에 있는 혈중 TSH의 평균치가 97.1±116.4μU/ml이고 그 범위는 14.0±300μU/ml였다. 3) Graves씨병 17예는 혈중 TSH치의 평균이 1.5±0.6μU/ml였다. 4) 갑상선염 8예는 갑상선기능상태에 따라 혈중 TSH치의 변화가 많았으며 그 범위는 1.6∼220μU/ml이었다. 5) 갑상선결절 7예는 혈중 TSH치의 평균이 2.4±2.0μU/ml이었다. 6) Graves씨병에 Taoazole치료후 TSH치가 상승하는 것을 볼 수 있었고, 이것이 병경과를 판정하는데 아주 유용하였다. 이상의 결과로써 혈중 TSH의 측정은 갑상선질환의 진단뿐 아니라 치료경과를 판정하는데도 좋은 수단이 될 수 있다고 하겠다. The radioimmunoassay of TSH (human thyrotropin) was performed by utilizing anti-h-TSH antibody and purified human thyrotropin supplied from Daiichi from Jan. 1978 through Aug. 1980 the serum concentration of TSH was measured on 41 cases with various thyroid diseases, and 22 normal persons. Among 41 cases, 9(22%) were primary hypothyroitlism, 17(41%) Graves' disease, 8(20%) subacute or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, and 7(17%) nodular goiter. The results were as follows:1) The normal values of serum TSH in 22 cases of control group were 4.2±1.7μU/ml, (1.9∼7.4μU/ml), which were within normal range in kit used in this study. 2) The serum TSH concentration in 9 cases with primary hypoehroidism were 97.1±116.4μU/ml(14. 0∼300μU/ml), which were significantly elevated as compared, with normal control values. 3) The serum TSH concentration in 17 cases with Graves' disease were 1.5±0.6μU/ml(1.0∼2.5μU/ml), which were below than normal control. 4) The serum TSH concentration in 8 cases with subacute or chrotic thyroiditis revealed wide ranges(1.6∼220μU/ml), according to the state of thyroid function. 5) The serum TSH values in 7 cases with nodular goiters were 2.3±2.0μU/ml, which were strictly within normal levels. 6) The serum TSH levels were elevated during prolonged treatment with Tapazole(Methimazole) without serial check of the serum TSH concentration in Graves' disease, so the serial measurement of serum TSH concentration was considered of available index of thyroid states.

장티푸스의 Cefotaxime의 치료효과

박승철,이미안,최혜란,최한상,김성윤,정선근,박찬현,김태화,석성억,이창홍 대한감염학회 1984 감염 Vol.16 No.1

Cefotaxime은 반합성 Cephalosporin 제제로서 광범위항생제이며 β-lactamase에 안정성을 갖고 있으며 S. typhi에 대해서는 최저저지농도가 0.04㎍/dl로서 매우 유요한 것으로 나타나 있다. Mekendrik은 2예의 장티푸스환자에서 Cefotaxime 4.0gm/day 치료로 임상적인 효과를 못보았다고 한다. 그 이유는 Cefotaxime이 포유동물의 세포내로 침투하기 어려운 때문이라고 하였으며 또다른 임상연구에서는 Cefotaxime 투여 24시간후 혈액배양에서 S. typhi가 자란다고 한다. 본 연구에서는 45명의 많은 환자에서 Cefotaxime을 투여한 결과 비교적 양호한 치료효과를 얻었다. Table2에서 보는 바와 같이 45명중 31명이 7일이내에 치료 효과를 보였다. 평균 치료기간이 6.9일로서 Chloram-phenicol 투여시의 5.4일 보다는 길으나 임상적으로는 치료제로서 사용할만한 약제로 볼 수 있다. Santiago 에서의 연구결과는 Chloramphenicol 5.1일, Ampicillin은 6.7일이었으며 Co-trimoxazole은 7일이었다. 31명의 환자에서 Cefotaxime 2.0 gm/day의 용량으로는 해열이 되지않으므로 1 일 4.0 gm으로 중량하여 평균 3.2일만에 해열이 되었다. 그러나 초기치료부터 1일 4.0 gm 으로 시작한 자료가 없으므로 용량간에 효과를 비교할만한 근거는 없다. 3예의 재발과 5예의 단기보균자수는 Amoxycillin 치료시와 유사하다. 이들은 Co-trinoxazole로 치료하였다. 3예의 장출혈환자는 Cefortaxime의 부작용은 아니며 장티푸스환자에서 통상적으로 볼 수 있는 합병증이라고 사료된다. Cefotaxime 투여시 약간의 피부발진 이외의 부작용을 발견할 수 없었다. Cefotaxime은 가격이 비싸고 경구적 투여라는 단점이 있으나 골수장애를 일으킬 수 있는 Chloramphenicol에 대신해서 장티푸스치료에 사용할 수 있는 약제다.

Role of oxygen in the growth of carbon nanotubes on metal alloy fibers by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Moon, Young Kyun,Jung, Chang Goo,Park, Seok Joo,Kim, Tae Gyu,Kim, Soo H. Cambridge University Press (Materials Research Soc 2009 Journal of materials research Vol.24 No.4

<P>A method allowing for the stable growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of a fibrous metal mesh substrate (SUS304) was developed with the assistance of the microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process. The controlled addition of up to ∼13% of O2 to the CH4 plasma reacting gas flow was found to promote the growth of the CNTs by oxidizing the amorphous carbon and removing the active H2 radicals. However, excessive amounts of O2 (i.e., fraction of O2 > ∼13%) and H2 were found to play a negative role in the growth of the CNTs. The control of the density and length of the CNTs was also achieved by varying the H2 plasma reduction time and CH4 plasma reacting time, respectively. Longer H2 reduction pretreatment of the catalytic metal islands resulted in the formation of a less dense CNT forest with craters. When the growth time of the CNTs was increased to ∼20 min, their length was increased to ∼10 μm. However, when the growth time of the CNTs exceeded 20 min, their length was significantly decreased, indicating that the continuous presence of O2 in the CH4 plasma destroys the preformed CNTs due to the oxidation reaction.</P>

전산유체역학을 활용한 자주도하장비 문교 상태의 저항 및 자항 성능 평가

이인수(I. Lee),서정화(J. Seo),석우찬(W. Seok),유재훈(J. Yoo),이강일(K.I. Lee),김도헌(D.H. Kim),이남훈(N. Lee),이성오(S.O. Lee),이신형(S.H. Lee) 한국전산유체공학회 2020 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.25 No.4

In this study, numerical simulations were conducted for resistance and self-propulsion performance for an amphibious rig in ferry mode. They were performed under conditions of h/T=4.5, 2.0 and head angles of both 180 and 90 degrees using SNUFOAM, based on open source CFD toolkit OpenFOAM. A double body method was adopted for free surface flow. Thrust was modeled with a body force method in self propulsion tests. The results of resistance tests showed drag forces according to the depth and head angle conditions and presented differences in the drag forces. In order to investigate the differences, the pressure, velocity, and vorticity distribution near the amphibious rig were identified. From self propulsion tests results, the thrusts and powers at the self propulsion point were estimated and compared with the thrust diagram to confirm the self propulsion performance.