Effects of Salicornia herbacea Powder on Quality Traits of Sun-Dried Hanwoo Beef Jerky during Storage

Dong Gyun Lim,Kap Sung Choi,Jong Ju Kim3,Ki Chang Nam 한국축산식품학회 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.2

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of sun-dried Hanwoo beef jerky added with Salicornia herbacea (SH). Sliced Hanwoo beef shank were marinated and sun-dried at 28-30oC, relative humidity (RH) 30-35% for 3.5 h. The physicochemical and microbiological traits of the Hanwoo beef jerky were analyzed during the aerobically packaged storage at 25oC. The water activities of beef jerky with 0.5% and 1.0% SH were lower than those of the control at 0 d (p

비행청소년과 일반청소년의 도덕발달 차이연구

김상균(Kim Sang Gyun) 한국공안행정학회 2005 한국공안행정학회보 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of the present study were to compare of moral development level between delinquent adolescences and normal adolescences, and the help-ful date in understanding and guiding the delinquent adolescences. Based on the previous studies and Kohlberg's Moral development theory, it was hypothesized that there are difference of total and subfactoric moral development degree between delinquent adolescences and normal adolescences. Subject for the study were 298 boys(middle school:48/high school: 120/delinquent : 130) in Dae-Jeon. They were examine in Kohlberg's Moral development scale which rewrited by Kim Sang Gyun. Statistical methods applied for the present study was mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The statistical computation were done by SPSS 8.0 computer programs. Following conclusions were derived from the results and the discussion. 1. Hypothesis 1 was accepted. Delinquent adolescences had high score on moral development's means compare with normal adolescences. 2. Hypothesis 2 was partially accepted. Delinquent adolescences showed lower "stage 1, stage 2, stage 3" than normal adolescences. However, there were no significant differences of " stage 4, stage 5 and stage 6 " 최근 학교폭력, 청소년 성매매, 마약, 가출 등 청소년에 의한 범죄와 비행이날로 증가하고 있다.1) 이러한 상황은 자라나는 청소년들에게 급변하는 사회환경에 적절하게 대응할 수 있는 올바른 가치관과 도덕성 함양기능을 제대로 수행하지 못한 결과가 아닌가 생각한다. 최근 일각에서 청소년을 대상으로 한 인성교육의 중요성이 부각되고 있는 것은 다행스런 점이 있다. 이 논문은 Kohlberg(1976)의 도덕발달이론을 논거로 하여 비행청소년과 정상청소년간의 도덕적 추론능력의 차이를 비교한 연구이다. 그에 의하면 도덕의 발달단계에 따라 도덕적 지향의 형태가 달라지고, 도덕적 판단력의 형성에 있어서의 차이는 도덕적 행위나 비도덕적 행위에 관련이 있다고 한다. 논문에서 비행청소년의 도덕적 추론능력을 검증한 결과, 비행청소년은 전인습적 도덕성에 속하는 1, 2단계에 속하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또 이를 정상청소년을 준거집단으로 한 비교분석을 해 본 결과, 전인습적 도덕성에 속하는 1단계에서 유의한 차이가 있음이 밝혀졌으며, 이 외에 인습적 도덕성에 속하는 대인간의 조화와 순종의 단계에서도 유의한 차이가 발견되었다. 3단계인 대인간의 조화와 순종단계에서도 정상청소년과 유의한 차이가 있다는 의미는 비행청소년이 대인관계의 기술면에서 부족하다는 것을 나타낸다. 그 외의 단계에서는 비행청소년과 정상 청소년 간에 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았지만 정상청소년은 콜버그의 도덕적 발달단계에서 상위단계에서도 비교적 높은 점수를 나타내고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 청소년을 대상으로 도덕성 함양교육 내지 인성교육이 중요함을 시사하고 있다.

비행청소년과 일반청소년의 도덕발달 차이연구

김상균(Kim Sang Gyun) 한국공안행정학회 2005 한국공안행정학회보 Vol.21 No.-

최근 학교폭력, 청소년 성매매, 마약, 가출 등 청소년에 의한 범죄와 비행이날로 증가하고 있다.1) 이러한 상황은 자라나는 청소년들에게 급변하는 사회환경에 적절하게 대응할 수 있는 올바른 가치관과 도덕성 함양기능을 제대로 수행하지 못한 결과가 아닌가 생각한다. 최근 일각에서 청소년을 대상으로 한 인성교육의 중요성이 부각되고 있는 것은 다행스런 점이 있다. 이 논문은 Kohlberg(1976)의 도덕발달이론을 논거로 하여 비행청소년과 정상청소년간의 도덕적 추론능력의 차이를 비교한 연구이다. 그에 의하면 도덕의 발달단계에 따라 도덕적 지향의 형태가 달라지고, 도덕적 판단력의 형성에 있어서의 차이는 도덕적 행위나 비도덕적 행위에 관련이 있다고 한다. 논문에서 비행청소년의 도덕적 추론능력을 검증한 결과, 비행청소년은 전인습적 도덕성에 속하는 1, 2단계에 속하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또 이를 정상청소년을 준거집단으로 한 비교분석을 해 본 결과, 전인습적 도덕성에 속하는 1단계에서 유의한 차이가 있음이 밝혀졌으며, 이 외에 인습적 도덕성에 속하는 대인간의 조화와 순종의 단계에서도 유의한 차이가 발견되었다. 3단계인 대인간의 조화와 순종단계에서도 정상청소년과 유의한 차이가 있다는 의미는 비행청소년이 대인관계의 기술면에서 부족하다는 것을 나타낸다. 그 외의 단계에서는 비행청소년과 정상 청소년 간에 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았지만 정상청소년은 콜버그의 도덕적 발달단계에서 상위단계에서도 비교적 높은 점수를 나타내고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 청소년을 대상으로 도덕성 함양교육 내지 인성교육이 중요함을 시사하고 있다. The purpose of the present study were to compare of moral development level between delinquent adolescences and normal adolescences, and the helpful date in understanding and guiding the delinquent adolescences. Based on the previous studies and Kohlberg's Moral development theory, it was hypothesized that there are difference of total and subfactoric moral development degree between delinquent adolescences and normal adolescences. Subject for the study were 298 boys(middle school:48/high school: 120/delinquent : 130) in Dae-Jeon. They were examine in Kohlberg's Moral development scale which rewrited by Kim Sang Gyun. Statistical methods applied for the present study was mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The statistical computation were done by SPSS 8.0 computer programs. Following conclusions were derived from the results and the discussion. 1. Hypothesis 1 was accepted. Delinquent adolescences had high score on moral development's means compare with normal adolescences. 2. Hypothesis 2 was partially accepted. Delinquent adolescences showed lower "stage 1, stage 2, stage 3" than normal adolescences. However, there were no significant differences of " stage 4, stage 5 and stage 6"

Clinicopathological role of kidney injury molecule-1 in immunoglobulin A nephropathy

( Yu Ho Lee ),( Yang-gyun Kim ),( Sang-ho Lee ),( Ju-young Moon ),( Kyung-hwan Jeong ),( Tae-won Lee ),( Chun-gyoo Ihm ) 대한신장학회 2014 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.33 No.3

Background: Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is an early and sensitivebiomarker of acute kidney injury, but it is unclear if it is a biomarker of chronicglomerulonephritis. We evaluated whether urinary KIM-1 levels in patients withimmunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy can be a marker to reflect clinicopathologicalseverity and predict the prognosis. Methods: We measured urinary KIM-1 levels in 40 patients (15 males; mean age36.6712.9 years) with IgA nephropathy and 10 healthy people (5 males; mean age37.379.6 years) as controls. The correlation of urinary KIM-1 levels with patients’clinical parameters, histological grades, and follow-up data were analyzed using themodified H. S. Lee grading system and tubulointerstitial change scores. Results: Urinary KIM-1 levels were higher in patients with IgA nephropathy thanhealthy controls (P¼0.001). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showedthat urinary KIM-1 levels had a direct correlation with H. S. Lee grade andtubulointerstitial inflammation (P¼0.004 and P¼0.011, respectively). Conclusion: In patients with IgA nephropathy, urinary KIM-1 has a significantcorrelation with histopathologic severity.

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

Changing prevalence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 28 893 Koreans from 1995 to 2005

Kim, Jin Il,Kim, Sang Gyun,Kim, Nayoung,Kim, Jae Gyu,Shin, Sung Jae,Kim, Sang Woo,Kim, Hyun Soo,Sung, Jae Kyu,Yang, Chang Heon,Shim, Ki-Nam,Park, Seun Ja,Park, Joon Yong,Baik, Gwang Ho,Lee, Sang Woo,P Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Vol.21 No.7

OBJECTIVES: Changes in the pattern of gastrointestinal diseases in a population tend to be influenced by changes in diet and lifestyle. Shifts in gastrointestinal disease from 1995 to 2005 in Korea were evaluated, retrospectively. METHODS: Seventeen nationwide medical centers participated in this study. The cross-sectional review of endoscopic findings in 28 893 patients included 8441 patients from 1995, 10 350 patients from 2000, and 10 102 patients from 2005. RESULTS: The prevalence of reflux esophagitis increased from 1.8% in 1995 to 5.9% in 2000 and 9.1% in 2005 (P<0.001, the P value was only for the comparison between 1995 and 2005, the followings were as same). The prevalence of peptic ulcer diseases was 18.0% in 1995, 19.1% in 2000, and 20.2% in 2005 (P<0.001). Although no significant differences were noted in duodenal ulcers (8.4, 8.7, and 8.2%, P=0.449), gastric ulcers showed an increasing trend (9.6, 10.5, and 12.0%, P<0.001). The prevalence of gastric cancer increased from 3.4% in 1995 to 4.5% in 2000 (P<0.001), but then decreased to 2.4% in 2005 (P<0.001). The incidence of advanced gastric cancer was 2.5, 3.2, and 1.3%, respectively (P<0.001), and that of early gastric cancer remained constant with rates of 0.8%, 1.3, and 1.1%, respectively (P=0.056). CONCLUSION: The cross-sectional review of data collected in 1995, 2000, and 2005 showed an increase in reflux esophagitis and peptic ulcer diseases. Meanwhile, the prevalence of gastric cancer increased until 2000, but decreased in 2005.

The Comparison of Long-term Survival in Cirrhotic Patients with Significant Ascites and Esophageal Varices According to the Treatment Modality between Endoscopic Variceal Ligation and Non-selective Beta-blockers

( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Bora Lee ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Young Don Kim ),( Gab Jin Cheon ),( Boo Sung Kim ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Non-selective beta-blocker (NSBB) use has been established in the primary and secondary prevention of esophageal variceal hemorrhage. However, the use of beta-blockers in cirrhotic patients with ascites is still under debate. In this study, we compared overall survival (OS) in cirrhotic patients with ascites (≥grade 2) and esophageal varices according to their treatment strategies between endoscopic band ligation (EBL) and NSBB. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive 269 patients who were diagnosed as liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal varices and ascites (≥grade 2) in a tertiary single center in Korea. Patients were divided into 3 groups which were EBL only, NSBB, non-treatment group. A Cox-proportional hazard analysis was performed to compare overall survival between the groups. Results: The mean age was 53.8±10.9 years, and median follow-up duration was 37.7 months (IQR, 12.4-65.2). Overall survival was significantly shorter in the NSBB group followed by non-treatment group and EBL only group (median, 47.5 vs. 61.1 vs. 77.0 months; P=0.003). A multivariate analysis showed that the use of NSBB were an independent poor prognostic factor for shorter overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-2.98; P<0.001) after adjusted by Child-Pugh class. Conclusions: The use of NSBB worsens the prognosis of cirrhotic patients patients with significant ascites. These results suggest that EBL is a more appropriate treatment option of esophageal varices when complicated with ascites (≥grade 2).

CO-Dependent H₂ Production by Genetically Engineered <i>Thermococcus onnurineus</i> NA1

Kim, Min-Sik,Bae, Seung Seob,Kim, Yun Jae,Kim, Tae Wan,Lim, Jae Kyu,Lee, Seong Hyuk,Choi, Ae Ran,Jeon, Jeong Ho,Lee, Jung-Hyun,Lee, Hyun Sook,Kang, Sung Gyun American Society for Microbiology 2013 Applied and environmental microbiology Vol.79 No.6

<P>Hydrogenogenic CO oxidation (CO + H<SUB>2</SUB>O → CO<SUB>2</SUB> + H<SUB>2</SUB>) has the potential for H<SUB>2</SUB> production as a clean renewable fuel. <I>Thermococcus onnurineus</I> NA1, which grows on CO and produces H<SUB>2</SUB>, has a unique gene cluster encoding the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) and the hydrogenase. The gene cluster was identified as essential for carboxydotrophic hydrogenogenic metabolism by gene disruption and transcriptional analysis. To develop a strain producing high levels of H<SUB>2</SUB>, the gene cluster was placed under the control of a strong promoter. The resulting mutant, MC01, showed 30-fold-higher transcription of the mRNA encoding CODH, hydrogenase, and Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP> antiporter and a 1.8-fold-higher specific activity for CO-dependent H<SUB>2</SUB> production than did the wild-type strain. The H<SUB>2</SUB> production potential of the MC01 mutant in a bioreactor culture was 3.8-fold higher than that of the wild-type strain. The H<SUB>2</SUB> production rate of the engineered strain was severalfold higher than those of any other CO-dependent H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing prokaryotes studied to date. The engineered strain also possessed high activity for the bioconversion of industrial waste gases created as a by-product during steel production. This work represents the first demonstration of H<SUB>2</SUB> production from steel mill waste gas using a carboxydotrophic hydrogenogenic microbe.</P>

Efficacy of Roux-en-Y Reconstruction Using Two Circular Staplers after Subtotal Gastrectomy: Results from a Pilot Study Comparing with Billroth-I Reconstruction

Kim, Tae-Gyun,Hur, Hoon,Ahn, Chang-Wook,Xuan, Yi,Cho, Yong-Kwan,Han, Sang-Uk The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2011 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.11 No.4

Purpose: The Roux en Y method has rarely been performed due to longer operation time and high risk of complication, despite several merits including prevention of bile reflux. We conducted a retrospective review of the result of Roux en Y reconstruction using two circular staplers after subtotal gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: From December 2008 to May 2009, a total of 26 patients underwent Roux en Y reconstruction using two circular staplers after subtotal gastrectomy, and seventy-two patients underwent Billroth-I reconstruction. Roux en Y anastomosis was performed using two circular staplers without hand sewing anastomosis. We compared clinicopathologic features and surgical outcomes between the two groups. All patients underwent gastrofiberscopy between six and twelve months after surgery to compare the bile reflux. Results: No significant differences in clinicopathologic findings were observed between the two groups, except for the rate of minimal invasive surgery (P=0.004) and cancer stage (P=0.002). No differences in the rate of morbidity (P=0.353) and admission duration (P=0.391) were observed between the two groups. Gastrofiberscopic findings showed a significant reduction of bile reflux in the remnant stomach in the Roux en Y group (P=0.019). Conclusions: When compared with Billroth-I reconstruction, Roux en Y reconstruction using the double stapler technique was found to reduce bile reflux in the remnant stomach without increasing postoperative morbidity. Based on these results, we planned to begin a randomized controlled clinical trial for comparison of Roux en Y reconstruction using this method with Billroth-I anastomosis.

Interpretation of Pathologic Margin after Endoscopic Resection of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Sang Gyun Kim 대한소화기내시경학회 2016 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.49 No.3

Interpretation of the pathologic margin of a specimen from a resected tumor is important because local recurrence can be predicted by the presence of tumor cells in the resection margin. Although a sufficient resection margin is recommended in the resection of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma, it is not usually regarded strictly in cases of mesenchymal tumor, especially gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), because the tumor is usually encapsulated or well demarcated, and not infiltrative. Therefore, margin positivity is not rare in the pathological evaluation of surgically or endoscopically resected GIST, and does not always indicate incomplete resection. Although a GIST may have a tumor-positive pathologic margin, complete resection may be achieved if no residual tumor is visible, and long-term survival can be predicted as in the cases with a negative pathologic margin.