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Neuroimaging Findings in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Kim Pyeong Hwa,Kim Minjae,Suh Chong Hyun,Chung Sae Rom,Park Ji Eun,Kim Soo Chin,Choi Young Jun,Lee Jeong Hyun,Kim Ho Sung,Baek Jung Hwan,Choi Choong Gon,Kim Sang Joon 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.11
Objective: Central nervous system involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been increasingly reported. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the incidence of radiologically demonstrated neurologic complications and detailed neuroimaging findings associated with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed up to September 17, 2020, and studies evaluating neuroimaging findings of COVID-19 using brain CT or MRI were included. Several cohort-based outcomes, including the proportion of patients with abnormal neuroimaging findings related to COVID-19 were evaluated. The proportion of patients showing specific neuroimaging findings was also assessed. Subgroup analyses were also conducted focusing on critically ill COVID-19 patients and results from studies that used MRI as the only imaging modality. Results: A total of 1394 COVID-19 patients who underwent neuroimaging from 17 studies were included; among them, 3.4% of the patients demonstrated COVID-19-related neuroimaging findings. Olfactory bulb abnormalities were the most commonly observed (23.1%). The predominant cerebral neuroimaging finding was white matter abnormality (17.6%), followed by acute/subacute ischemic infarction (16.0%), and encephalopathy (13.0%). Significantly more critically ill patients had COVID-19-related neuroimaging findings than other patients (9.1% vs. 1.6%; p = 0.029). The type of imaging modality used did not significantly affect the proportion of COVID-19-related neuroimaging findings. Conclusion: Abnormal neuroimaging findings were occasionally observed in COVID-19 patients. Olfactory bulb abnormalities were the most commonly observed finding. Critically ill patients showed abnormal neuroimaging findings more frequently than the other patient groups. White matter abnormalities, ischemic infarctions, and encephalopathies were the common cerebral neuroimaging findings.
습식스프링클러설비 배관의 동파방지에 대한 연구 : 국.내외 기술기준을 중심으로
이종화(Jong Hwa Lee),이평헌(Pyeong Heon Lee),조성천(Seong Cheon Cho),김동은(Dong Eun Kim) 한국화재소방학회 2021 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.추계
습식스프링클러설비는 화재발생시 초기진화와 거주자가 피난시 요구되는 허용피난시간(AEST)을 증가시켜 주는데 이바지하는 중요 소화설비이다. 하지만, 이러한 습식스프링클러설비는 소화약제로 물을 사용하기 때문에 배관의 주변 온도가 0도 이하로 낮아지게 되면, 배관의 외부면을 통해 내부에 충수된 물로 저온의 열이 전달되어 배관 내부의 물이 동결되기 시작하고, 이로 인하여 내부 물의 체적이 점진적으로 증가함과 동시에 배관 내부의 압력도 점진적으로 상승한다. 이러한 현상은 배관의 내부벽면에 지속적으로 스트레스를 가하여 배관의 내부벽면과 외부벽면의 수평적 힘의 균형을 상쇄시켜 배관을 파괴하거나 배관과 배관을 조인하는 결속 부속을 파괴시킴으로써 누수를 발생시켜 막대한 재산 피해로 이어지고 있다. 또한 한파로 인해 파괴된 배관의 유지 보수와 배관과 배관을 조인했던 부서진 결속 부속에 대한 교체를 마치기까지 스프링클러설비의 작동이 되지 않기에 특정소방대상물은 화재에 무방비상태로 노출되어지게 된다. 이에 소방청에서는 이러한 스프링클러 배관의 동파로 인해 증가되는 잠재적 위험성을 방지하기 위하여 『스프링클러설비의 화재안전기준』 제8조제8항에 의거하여 부동액의 적용과 절연전선(Heating Cable)를 적용하도록 하고 있으나 상세한 기준이 제시되어있지않아 부동액의 경우 화재성장을 촉진시킬 수 있는 위험성이 내재되어 있고, 절연전선의 경우 잘못된 시공으로 화재발생으로 이어지기도 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 습식스프링클러설비 배관의 동파방지를 통한 특정소방대상물의 지속적인 화재안전성능을 확보하기 위하여 국외에서 적용되어지고 있는 동파방지법에 대한 사항을 확인 후 비교분석하여 국내현실에 적합한 동파방지법을 제안하고자 한다.
주산기 예후의 예측을 위한 Lamellar body counts의 효용성
박인양 ( Park In Yang ),정재은 ( Jeong Jae Eun ),김소영 ( Kim So Yeong ),신화정 ( Sin Hwa Jeong ),김수연 ( Kim Su Yeon ),이지현 ( Lee Ji Hyeon ),김사진 ( Kim Sa Jin ),신종철 ( Sin Jong Cheol ),김수평 ( Kim Su Pyeong ) 대한산부인과학회 2003 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.46 No.11
Objective : This study is aimed to evaluate whether lamellar body count (LBC) in amniotic fluid could be used as a predictor of neonatal morbidity as well as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and to determine the value of lamellar body count that maximi
( Ki Chan Kim ),( Kyu Suk Cho ),( Sung Min Yang ),( Edson Luck Gonzales ),( Schley Valencia ),( Pyeong Hwa Eun ),( Chang Soon Choi ),( Darine Froy Mabunga ),( Ji-woon Kim ),( Judy Kyoungju Noh ),( Hee 한국응용약물학회 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.4
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unexplained and untreated despite the high attention of research in recent years. Aside from its various characteristics is the baffling male preponderance over the female population. Using a validated animal model of ASD which is the telomerase reverse transcriptase overexpressing mice (TERT-tg), we conducted ASD-related behavioral assessments and protein expression experiments to mark the difference between male and females of this animal model. After statistically analyzing the results, we found significant effects of TERT overexpression in sociability, social novelty preference, anxiety, nest building, and electroseizure threshold in the males but not their female littermates. Along these differences are the male-specific increased expressions of postsynaptic proteins which are the NMDA and AMPA receptors in the prefrontal cortex. The vGluT1 presynaptic proteins, but not GAD, were upregulated in both sexes of TERT-tg mice, although it is more significantly pronounced in the male group. Here, we confirmed that the behavioral effect of TERT overexpression in mice was male-specific, suggesting that the aberration of this gene and its downstream pathways preferentially affect the functional development of the male brain, consistent with the male preponderance in ASD.
Kim, Ki Chan,Cho, Kyu Suk,Yang, Sung Min,Gonzales, Edson Luck,Valencia, Schley,Eun, Pyeong Hwa,Choi, Chang Soon,Mabunga, Darine Froy,Kim, Ji-Woon,Noh, Judy Kyoungju,Kim, Hee Jin,Jeon, Se Jin,Han, Seol The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.4
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unexplained and untreated despite the high attention of research in recent years. Aside from its various characteristics is the baffling male preponderance over the female population. Using a validated animal model of ASD which is the telomerase reverse transcriptase overexpressing mice (TERT-tg), we conducted ASD-related behavioral assessments and protein expression experiments to mark the difference between male and females of this animal model. After statistically analyzing the results, we found significant effects of TERT overexpression in sociability, social novelty preference, anxiety, nest building, and electroseizure threshold in the males but not their female littermates. Along these differences are the male-specific increased expressions of postsynaptic proteins which are the NMDA and AMPA receptors in the prefrontal cortex. The vGluT1 presynaptic proteins, but not GAD, were upregulated in both sexes of TERT-tg mice, although it is more significantly pronounced in the male group. Here, we confirmed that the behavioral effect of TERT overexpression in mice was male-specific, suggesting that the aberration of this gene and its downstream pathways preferentially affect the functional development of the male brain, consistent with the male preponderance in ASD.
Effects of Several Cosmetic Preservatives on ROS-Dependent Apoptosis of Rat Neural Progenitor Cells
( Onjeon Ryu ),( Bo Kyung Park ),( Minji Bang ),( Kyu Suk Cho ),( Sung Hoon Lee ),( Edson Luck T. Gonzales ),( Sung Min Yang ),( Seonmin Kim ),( Pyeong Hwa Eun ),( Joo Young Lee ),( Kyu-bong Kim ),( C 한국응용약물학회 2018 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.26 No.6
Benzalkonium chloride, diazolidinyl urea, and imidazolidinyl urea are commonly used preservatives in cosmetics. Recent reports suggested that these compounds may have cellular and systemic toxicity in high concentration. In addition, diazolidinyl urea and imidazolidinyl urea are known formaldehyde (FA) releasers, raising concerns for these cosmetic preservatives. In this study, we investigated the effects of benzalkonium chloride, diazolidinyl urea, and imidazolidinyl urea on ROS-dependent apoptosis of rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in vitro. Cells were isolated and cultured from embryonic day 14 rat cortices. Cultured cells were treated with 1-1,000 nM benzalkonium chloride, and 1-50 μM diazolidinyl urea or imidazolidinyl urea at various time points to measure the reactive oxygen species (ROS). PI staining, MTT assay, and live-cell imaging were used for cell viability measurements. Western blot was carried out for cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-8 as apoptotic protein markers. In rat NPCs, ROS production and cleaved caspase-8 expression were increased while the cell viability was decreased in high concentrations of these substances. These results suggest that several cosmetic preservatives at high concentrations can induce neural toxicity in rat brains through ROS induction and apoptosis.