Microbial Diversity during Fermentation of Sweet Paste, a Chinese Traditional Seasoning, Using PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

( Ping Mao ),( Yuanliang Hu ),( Tingting Liao ),( Zhaoting Wang ),( Shumiao Zhao ),( Yunxiang Liang ),( Yongmei Hu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.4

The aim of this study was to elucidate the changes in the microbial community and biochemical properties of a traditional sweet paste during fermentation. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis showed that Aspergillus oryzae was the predominant species in the koji (the fungal mixture), and the majority of the fungi isolated belonged to two Zygosaccharomyces species in the mash. The bacterial DGGE profiles revealed the presence of Bacillus subtilis during fermentation, and Lactobacillus acidipiscis, Lactobacillus pubuzihii, Lactobacillus sp., Staphylococcus kloosi, and several uncultured bacteria were also detected in the mash after 14 days of main fermentation. Additionally, during main fermentation, amino-type nitrogen and total acid increased gradually to a maximum of 6.77 ± 0.25 g/kg and 19.10 ± 0.58 g/kg (30 days) respectively, and the concentration of reducing sugar increased to 337.41 ± 3.99 g/kg (7 days). The 180-day fermented sweet paste contained 261.46 ± 19.49 g/kg reducing sugar and its pH value remained at around 4.65. This study has used the PCR-DGGE technique to demonstrate the microbial community (including bacteria and fungi) in sweet paste and provides useful information (biochemical properties) about the assessment of the quality of sweet paste throughout fermentation.

Mesenchymal glioma stem cells are maintained by activated glycolytic metabolism involving aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3

Mao, Ping,Joshi, Kaushal,Li, Jianfeng,Kim, Sung-Hak,Li, Peipei,Santana-Santos, Lucas,Luthra, Soumya,Chandran, Uma R.,Benos, Panayiotis V.,Smith, Luke,Wang, Maode,Hu, Bo,Cheng, Shi-Yuan,Sobol, Robert W National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.21

<P>Tumor heterogeneity of high-grade glioma (HGG) is recognized by four clinically relevant subtypes based on core gene signatures. However, molecular signaling in glioma stem cells (GSCs) in individual HGG subtypes is poorly characterized. Here we identified and characterized two mutually exclusive GSC subtypes with distinct dysregulated signaling pathways. Analysis of mRNA profiles distinguished proneural (PN) from mesenchymal (Mes) GSCs and revealed a pronounced correlation with the corresponding PN or Mes HGGs. Mes GSCs displayed more aggressive phenotypes in vitro and as intracranial xenografts in mice. Further, Mes GSCs were markedly resistant to radiation compared with PN GSCs. The glycolytic pathway, comprising aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family genes and in particular ALDH1A3, were enriched in Mes GSCs. Glycolytic activity and ALDH activity were significantly elevated in Mes GSCs but not in PN GSCs. Expression of ALDH1A3 was also increased in clinical HGG compared with low-grade glioma or normal brain tissue. Moreover, inhibition of ALDH1A3 attenuated the growth of Mes but not PN GSCs. Last, radiation treatment of PN GSCs up-regulated Mes-associated markers and down-regulated PN-associated markers, whereas inhibition of ALDH1A3 attenuated an irradiation-induced gain of Mes identity in PN GSCs. Taken together, our data suggest that two subtypes of GSCs, harboring distinct metabolic signaling pathways, represent intertumoral glioma heterogeneity and highlight previously unidentified roles of ALDH1A3-associated signaling that promotes aberrant proliferation of Mes HGGs and GSCs. Inhibition of ALDH1A3-mediated pathways therefore might provide a promising therapeutic approach for a subset of HGGs with the Mes signature.</P>

Research on integrating emotional design theory into interface interaction of intangible cultural heritage APP

Mao, Ping Ting(모평정),Kim, Yong Gu(김용구),Hong, Chan Seok(홍찬석) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2022 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.40 No.1

Response improvement for In2O3–TiO2 thick film gas sensors

Mao Lin Zhang,Jian Ping Song,Zhan Heng Yuan,Cheng Zheng 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.3

In2O3 is introduced into TiO2 by sol-gel method to improve the response/recovery rate and expand the operating temperature, when the In2O3-TiO2 mixed system is exposed to H2/O2. The sensor is fabricated by thick film technology. Influence of In2O3 on the film phase composition, microstructure and sensing characteristics is discussed. Dynamic response properties show that the operating temperature of the mixed system is at 500e800 ℃, which is about 600e800 ℃ for pure TiO2. Response time of the sensor is about 200e260 ms (millisecond) while recovery time is in a narrow range of 60e280 ms at 600e800 ℃. The promoting mechanism is suggested to arise from the introduction of In2O3 and grain size effect of the sensing film. Then In2O3-TiO2 thick films are surface-modified by Pt using chloroplatinic acid. The promoting effect of Pt dispersed on the mixed system is also investigated. In2O3 is introduced into TiO2 by sol-gel method to improve the response/recovery rate and expand the operating temperature, when the In2O3-TiO2 mixed system is exposed to H2/O2. The sensor is fabricated by thick film technology. Influence of In2O3 on the film phase composition, microstructure and sensing characteristics is discussed. Dynamic response properties show that the operating temperature of the mixed system is at 500e800 ℃, which is about 600e800 ℃ for pure TiO2. Response time of the sensor is about 200e260 ms (millisecond) while recovery time is in a narrow range of 60e280 ms at 600e800 ℃. The promoting mechanism is suggested to arise from the introduction of In2O3 and grain size effect of the sensing film. Then In2O3-TiO2 thick films are surface-modified by Pt using chloroplatinic acid. The promoting effect of Pt dispersed on the mixed system is also investigated.

Prostate Cancer Risk in Relation to a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Protein-3 (IGFBP3) Gene: a Meta-analysis

Mao, Ye-Qing,Xu, Xin,Lin, Yi-Wei,Chen, Hong,Hu, Zheng-Hui,Xu, Xiang-Lai,Zhu, Yi,Wu, Jian,Zheng, Xiang-Yi,Qin, Jie,Xie, Li-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) has been identified as a putative tumor suppressor with multifunctional roles in the IGF axis. Recently, there have been a growing body of studies investigating the relation between the IGFBP3 A-202C polymorphism, circulating IGFBP3 and prostate cancer risk, but their outcomes varied leading to controversy. Hence, it is necessary to perform a meta-analysis covering all eligible studies to shed a light on the association of IGFBP3 A-202C and cancer risk. Finally, we included a total of 11 relevant articles between 2003 and 2010 covering 14 case-control studies including 9,238 cases and 8,741 controls for our analysis. Our results showed that A-202C was a marginal risk factor of prostate cancer (allele contrast: OR=1.08, 95% CI :1.01-1.16; dominant model: OR=1.11, 95% CI :1.01-1.22; heterozygote codominant model: OR=1.11, 95% CI :1.03-1.18; homozygote contrast: OR=1.19, 95% CI :1.03-1.37). Stratification analysis revealed that sample size and control source were two major heterogeneous meta-factors especially in the recessive model (source: Population-based control group :p=0.30,I2=16.7%, Hospital-based control group: p=0.20, I2=30.3%; sample size: Small: p=0.22,I2= 32.8%, Medium: p=0.09,I2=48%, Large p=0.60,I2=0.0%); However, contrary to previous findings, no significance was found in racial subgroups. No significant publication bias was found in our analysis. Considering the robustness of the results and the discrepancy among some studies, there might be some unsolved confounding factors, and further more critical large studies are needed for confirmation.

A Robust Adaptive Controller for Hammerstein Nonlinear Systems

Ping Yuan,Bi Zhang,Zhi-Zhong Mao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2017 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.15 No.2

Hammerstein nonlinear systems have appeared useful in modeling nonlinear processes encountered inengineering practice. Control algorithms may lead to unsatisfactory performance if the parametric model doesnot agree with the plant. To this end, this paper proposes a new robust adaptive control approach for discretetimeHammerstein nonlinear systems which are more close to some industrial plants. The adaptive control law andrecursive parameter estimation are updated by introducing the estimate of the model error as a feedback. Theoreticalresults show that parameter estimation convergence and closed-loop system stability can be guaranteed under mildconditions. Simulation examples including a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system are given to show theeffectiveness of the obtained results.

Oncogenic E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 binds to KLF8 and regulates the microRNA-132/NRF2 axis in bladder cancer

Mao Minghuan,Yang Liang,Hu Jingyao,Liu Bing,Zhang Xiling,Liu Yili,Wang Ping,Li Hangyu 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

The neuronally expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (NEDD4) gene encodes a ubiquitin ligase that targets the epithelial sodium channel for degradation and has been implicated in tumor growth in various cancers. Hence, in this study, we intended to characterize the functional relevance of the NEDD4-mediated Kruppel-like factor 8/microRNA-132/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (KLF8/miR-132/NRF2) axis in the development of bladder cancer. NEDD4 and KLF8 were overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues and were associated with poorer patient survival rates. In bladder cancer cells, NEDD4 intensified the stability and transcriptional activity of KLF8 through ubiquitination to augment cell viability and migratory ability. Our investigations revealed that NEDD4 promotes the binding of KLF8 to the miR-132 promoter region and inhibits the expression of miR-132. KLF8 inhibited the expression of miR-132 to augment the viability and migratory ability of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, miR-132 downregulated the expression of NRF2 to restrict the viability and migratory ability of bladder cancer cells. In addition, in vivo findings verified that NEDD4 regulates the KLF8/miR-132/NRF2 axis by accelerating tumor growth and lung metastasis. In conclusion, this study highlights NEDD4 as a potential therapeutic target against tumor recurrence and metastasis in bladder cancer.

Defocus Study of a Novel Optical Antenna Illuminated by a Radial Radiation Fiber Laser

Ping Jiang,Huajun Yang,Kang Xie,Mingyin Yu,Shengqian Mao 한국광학회 2014 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.18 No.5

A novel antenna with ellipsoid-paraboloid surfaces configuration is designed for matching the incident radial radiation fiber laser distribution for maximum transmission efficiency. The on-axial and off-axial defocus effects on the optical antenna system, resulting in energy loss, are analyzed in detail. Knowledge of the effects of those defocuses on beam divergence, aberration and antenna transmission efficiency is of great importance to the long range communication systems.

Multifunctional hydrogel delivery system for disease therapy

Weihong Mao,Qing Ji,Ping Chen,Zhengzou Fang,Xinyuan Li 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.4

Hydrogel have been widely applied in the field of tissue engineering and disease therapy, because hydrogel can not only regenerate and repair damaged tissues, but also avoid unnecessary side effects as well as enhance the accumulation at lesions. The function of hydrogel mainly depended on the property of basic polymer materials. The nature-like tissue and environment-friendly characteristics of hydrogel are widely applied in disease therapy. Therefore, hydrogel was carefully designed from these biocompatible polymer materials through covalent and noncovalent crosslinking, and can be recognized as suitable scaffolds for tissue repair and regeneration. The obtained hydrogel can promote the transport of nutrients and oxygen through interconnected macropores. In addition, the physical and chemical crosslinking versatility of hydrogel can not only enhance its mechanical strength and adhesive property, but also can be used as a reservoir to realize sustain-release of drugs. Moreover, hydrogel can fill the irregular lesions sites, promote wound healing and bear the high-frequency motion of the lesion sites. In this paper, we will summarize some biocompatible hydrogels for some primary disease treatment, and provide some inspiration for researchers to design suitable hydrogel, so as to overcome the limitations of current disease treatment and promote the clinical transformation of hydrogel.

Effects of surface materials of self-draining beds on cattle behavior in a temperate climate

Liu Ping,Guo Lulu,Zhang Fulan,Li Lin,Mao Huaming,Gu Zhaobing 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.11

Objective: The objective of the present experiment was to construct self-draining beds to keep surface bedding materials clean and dry for beef cattle comfort in a temperate climate. Methods: In Experiment 1, a self-draining bed was covered with sand at depths of 10 cm (S-10a), 15 cm (S-15), and 20 cm (S-20) respectively. In Experiment 2, self-draining beds of different sizes were covered with 10 cm of sand (S-10b) and wood shavings (WS) at depths of 15 cm and 20 cm (WS-15 and WS-20). Fifteen cattle were engaged to evaluate the comfort of self-draining beds covered with different bedding materials. Results: No cattle lay in the feed alley and cattle spent more time lying on S-10a than S-15 or S-20 in Experiment 1 (p<0.01). No difference in lying time was detected between S-15 and S-20 (p>0.05). In Experiment 2, no cattle selected the feed alley as the lying area. Cattle preferred WS-15 as the lying area and time spent lying on WS-20 was slightly higher than on S-10b (p<0.05). Feces weight was higher in the feed alley than in the different bedding areas in both Experiments 1 and 2 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Sand-bedding depth at 10 cm and WSs at 15 cm above the self-draining bed can provide for the lying comfort of beef cattle. Design of a special feed alley to hold most of the feces to keep bedding materials clean and dry is desirable for organic beef cattle in a loose barn.