太極拳의 原理에 關한 硏究

羅大觀,吳旼錫,宋泰元 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2001 혜화의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Tae-Geuk-Guan(太極拳) Tae-Geuk(太極) is arranged Yum-Yang-O-Hang(陰陽五行) and created from Mu-geuk(無極) means great chaos. Jin-sik Tae-Geuk-Guan(陳式太極拳) has tenth essential theory. There are Li(理), Qi(氣), Samjul(三節), Sacho(四梢), Ojang(五臟), Samhap(三合), Yukjin(六進) Sinbup(身法) Bobup(甫法), Gangyou(剛柔). Li(理) is Rules of all things. Qi(氣) is body. Body is diveided into Samjul(三節), Sacho(四梢), Ojang(五臟) is inside body and make human'sbody and Qi(氣), Samhap(三合) is union of mind & intention, Qi & power, muscle & bone. Yukjin(六進) is movement of body. Sinbup(身法) has Chong(縱), Hoeng(橫), Ko(高), Jeo(低), Jin(進), Toe(退), Ban(反), Chuk(側). Bobup(步法) has Jin(進), Toe(退), Ban(反), Chuk(側). Yang-sik Tae-Geuk-Guan(揚式太極拳) has tenth essential theory. There are Songyo(송腰), Heolungjungkyung(虛靈頂경), Hamhungbalbae(含胸拔背), Chimgyungsuju(沈궁수주), Bunheosil(分虛實), Yongeuibulyonglyuk(用意不用力), sanghasangsu(上下相隋), Naeoesanghap(內外相合), Sangyunbudan(相連不斷), Dongchungguchung(動中求精)

Clinical and Oncologic Outcomes of Self-Expandable Metallic Stents as a Bridge to Surgery in Patients with Obstructive Left- or Right-Sided Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Study

Guan Hong Min(민관홍),Jae Hyun Kang,Jun Ho Park,Sang Nam Yoon,Bo Young Oh,Byung Mo Kang,Jong Wan Kim 대한외과학회 2021 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.5

Improving catalytic performance and reusability of flower-like Co-B-P amorphous alloy nanobelts for the selective hydrogenation of furfural in water

Min Mo,Rouyi Liu,Jiansheng Tang,Youyi Xun,Hongru Guan 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

Herein, active, low-cost, stable, and sustainable amorphous alloy Co-B-P nanobelts (NBs) are synthesizedfor the selective hydrogenation of furfural (FFR) to furfuryl alcohol (FFA) in H2O. The Co-B-P NBs areflower-like bundles of ultrathin nanosheets obtained by reducing Co ions in a layered liquid crystal usingdouble-reducing agents at room temperature. The specific surface area, hydrogen adsorption capacity,surface states, and FFR selective hydrogenation performance of the Co-B-P NB catalyst can be modifiedvia low-temperature plasma treatment. The treatment does not change the amorphous structure ofCo-B-P NBs. In H2O, Co-B-P NBs treated with plasma at an appropriate power and time exhibit 100%FFR conversion and 95.8% FFA selectivity within 80 min at 80 C and 1.2 MPa H2 pressure. Moreover,plasma treatment can be used to regenerate Co-B-P NB catalysts. The catalytic activity of Co-B-P NB catalystscan be restored using plasma treatment when it decreases because of their oxidation after severalhydrogenation cycles.

Clinical and Oncologic Outcomes of Laparoscopic versus Open Surgery in Elderly Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Guan Hong Min(민관홍),Il Tae Son,Jeong Yeon Kim,Min Jeong Kim,Byung Chun Kim,Byung Mo Kang,Jong Wan Kim 대한외과학회 2021 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.5

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND THE APPLICABILITY OF β-CYCLODEXTRINS FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SBA-15MOLECULAR SIEVES

MIN GUAN,HAI-PENG BI,ZUYUAN WANG,SHAOHUA BU,LING HUANG,LI YANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.5

Mesoporous silicas SBA-15 are modified with β-Cyclodextrins (β-CD) by simple grafting method. β-CD functionalized SBA-15 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the applicability of it is investigated through studying the adsorption properties of clenbuterol. It showed better adsorption capacities of clenbuterol than pure SBA-15. β-CD functionalized SBA-15 material has the potential applications in the treatment of clenbuterol contamination in food and environment science.

Novel Cathode Interfacial Layer Using Creatine for Enhancing the Photovoltaic Properties of Perovskite Solar Cells

Guan-Woo Kim,Yelim Choi,Hyuntae Choi,Jihyun Min,Jihyun Min 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2

With the unprecedented development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), various interlayers have been investigated. Interlayers have diverse roles in shifting the energy levels, attracting and extracting charges, and passivating surface traps. These can improve the stability of PSCs, as well as their power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this study, a small molecular self-assembled monolayer (2-[carbamimidoyl(methyl)amino]acetic acid) is introduced on a SnO₂ layer. The acetic acid is known as creatine, existing naturally in the human body. It is eatable and dosed by athletes for energy. Due to its structural properties, creatine can be anchored on a SnO₂ layer, thus, it can strengthen the charge extraction from a perovskite layer by forming interface dipoles and reducing the work function. Also, it can passivate the defects in the perovskite layer. These properties are comprehensively investigated via various experimental techniques. With the creatine layer as a cathode interfacial layer on the SnO₂ layer, the PSC employing a triple cation-based perovskite achieves the highest PCE of 20.8% and retained 90% of it after 50 days. Furthermore, 22.1% of PCE is obtained from the formamidiniumbased perovskite. This report represents an interesting application of creatine as an interlayer in PSCs and suggests the possible application of other essential amino acids.

흉부 CT검사 시 검사부위를 벗어난 Topogram 부위에 Automatic Exposure Control 적용이 선량 및 화질에 미치는 영향

박관중(Guan Jung Park),김영옥(Young Ok Kim),여상근(Sang Geun Yeo),대창민(Chang Min Dae),민관홍(Kwan Hong Min) 대한전산화단층기술학회 2011 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적 임상에서 많이 시행하고 있는 흉부 computed tomography(이하 CT) 검사 시, 세 개의 각기 다른 CT장비 제조사의 automatic exposure control(이하 AEC) system을 인체 등가phantom에 적용하여, 검사부위를 벗어난 topogram을 검사하였다. 검사부위를 벗어난 topogram에서 AEC작동유무 및 CT dose index volume(이하 CTDI) 변화를 측정하고, 영상의 노이즈값의 비교를 통하여 선량 및 화질 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 사용된 각 장비 회사별 CT 장비는 Brilliance 64 MDCT(Philips healthcare, 이하 P사), LightSpeed VCT XT 64 MIDCT(General Electric Medical System, 이하 G사), Somatom Definition Dual CT(Siemens Healthcare, 이하 S사)를 사용하였다. Rando phantom을 대상으로 하여 본원에서 흉부 검사 범위로 정하고 있는 성대에서 부신이 충분히 포함된 topogram을 정상군으로 정하고, 정상군과 비교하여 폐첨부에서 머리 방향쪽으로 2cm 검사부위를 벗어난 군을 A군, 4cm는 B군, 6cm는 C군, 8cm를 D군으로 대조군을 정하였다. 선량 평가를 위해 각 장비 제조회사에서 제공하는 CTDI값과 ionization chamber를 이용하여 CTDI값을 실측한 후, 정상군의 CTDI값을 기준으로 대조군의 CTDI 증감률을 산출하였다. 화질 평가는 AAPM phantom을 이용하여 정상군 및 대조군 실험 영상의 6시 방향 1/4지점에서 4×4cm의 크기의 region of interest(이하 ROI)를 설정하여 모든 slice의 평균오차의 값을 노이즈값으로 계산하여 평가하였다. 결과 정상적인 topogram과 검사부위를 벗어난 topogram의 AEC적용 결과는 P사의 경우는 ACS만 적용 시 노이즈값은 정상군은 12.9, A군은 약 12.7(p=0.0273, B군은 약 12.6(p=0.0195), C군은 약 12.2(p=0.002), D군은 약 12.l(p=0.002)로 측정되었으며, 대조군의 CTDI 증감률은 정상군과 비교하여 각 군에서 약 8.9%, 11.1%, 14.4%, 15.6% 증가하였다. ACS combined Z-DOM 적용 시에는 정상군 비교하여 CTDI 증감률은 각 군에서 약 3.0%, 4.0%, 4.0%, 5.0% 증가하지만, 노이즈값은 각 군에서 약 13.3, 약 13.2(p=0.0216), 13.1(p=0.0078), 12.9(p=0.0195), 12.9(p=0.0039)로 측정되었다. ACS combined D-DOM 적용 시에는 CTDI 증감률은 정상군 비교하여 각 군에서 약 0.9%, 1.8%, 1.8%, 2.7% 증가하였고, 노이즈값은 정상군은 약 12.7, 대조군은 약 12.6(p=0.0301), 12.5(p=0.0392), 12.5(p=0.0391), 12(p=0.002)로 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. S사의 경우에는 노이즈값은 각 군에서 약 8.0, 7.9(p=0.0376), 7.6(p=0.0277), 7.5(p=0.002), 7.3(p=0.002)로 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. CTDI 증감률은 정상군 비교하여 각 군에서 약 1.2%, 3.4%, 2.3%, 6.9% 증가하였다. G사의 경우는 Auto mA 적용 시, 정상군의 노이즈값은 약 45.0, A군은 약 44.1(p<0.0001), B군은 약 44.1(p<0.0001), C군은 약 44.1(p<0.0001), D군은 약 44.1(p<0.0001)으로 대조군에서는 모두 동일한 결과로 측정되었다. 정상군과 비교하여 대조군 모두 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없이, CTDI 증감률은 정상군과 비교하여 모든 대조군에서 동일하게 약 8.1% 증가를 보였다. 결론 검사부위를 벗어난 topogram을 얻은 후, topogram에 포함되지 않은 영역에 AEC를 적용하게 되면, 각 장비 회사마다 다소 차이는 있지만 영상의 질적 차이 없이 방사선 피폭선량이 최소 약 0.9%에서 최대 15.6% 증가하였다. 따라서 AEC를 적용 시 정확한 환자의 위치잡이가 선행되어야 topogram을 통해 정확한 정보를 얻을 수 있다. 그 정보를 바탕으로 AEC가 올바르게 동작하여 선량의 최적화를 달성할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. I. Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of radiation dose and image quality in outside topogram of scan range applying automatic exposure control (AEC) through phantom study in chest CT. II. Meterial and Methods A Rando anthropomorphic chest phantom and AAPM phantom was scanned on a 64 multi detector CT using the AEC systems from three different manufacturers: General Electric Healthcare, Philips Medical Systems and Siemens Medical Solutions. A general scanning protocol was created for each examination where as many as possible of the scanning parameters were set equal. Divided into 5 groups according to include and not be scan range of topogram. Topogram, normally including scan range, is defined normal group. If not was control group, the group which was 2 an outside topogram of scan range toward head from lung apex was designated as A group, B group in 4 cm off, C group in 6 an off, and D group in 8 an off. CTDI was measured using ionization chamber and provided by CT modality. CTDI fluctuation ratios of control groups were calculated based on the values of CTDI in normal group. For the evaluation of image quality, mean error value was assessed by the image noise from AAPM phantom. III. Result As a result of application of AEC to normal and control groups, in case of P, when applying only ACS, noise of normal group was 12.9, 12.7(p=0.0273) in A group, 12.6(p=0.0195) in B group, 12.2(p=0.002) in C group, 12.1(p=0.002) in D group. CTDI fluctuation ratios of control group was increased by 8.9%i, 11.1%, 14.4%, 15.6% respectively in each group compared to normal group. When applying ACS combined Z-OOM, the CTDI fluctuation ratios of control groups was increased by 3.0%, 4.0%, 4.0%, 5.0% respectively, compared to normal group. However, noise was appeared to be 13.3, 13.2(p=0.0216), 13.1(p=0.0078), 12.9(p=0.0195), 12.9(p=0.0039). When applying ACS combined D-DOM, the CTDI fluctuation ratios was increased by 0.9%, 1.8%, 1.8%, 2.7% while noise value in normal group was 12.7, 12.6(p=0.0301), 12.5(p=0.0392, 12.5(p=0.0391), 12(p=0.002). No statistical significant difference was found. In case of S, noise appeared to be 8.0, 7.9(p=0.0376), 7.6(p=0.0277), 7.5(p=0.002), 7.3(p=0.002) respectively in each group leading to no statistical significant difference. CTDI fluctuation ratios, comparing to normal group, was increased by 1.2%, 3.4%, 2.3%, 6.9%. In case of G, when applying AutomA, the noise of normal group was measured to be 4.0, and 44.1(p<0.0001) in A~D control groups, Compared to normal group, there was no statistical significant difference in control groups, and also the fluctuation ratio (%) of CTDI showed the same ratio of 8.1% in all control groups. IV. Conclusions Radiation dose by different mmufacturer was increased by at minimum 0.9% up to at maximum 15.6%. And it was little difference of image quality found at all. Consequently, projection of topogram, normally included scan range, is very important applying AEC in CT examination.

Lipopolysaccharides Trigger Two Successive Bursts of Reactive Oxygen Species at Distinct Cellular Locations

Shang-Guan, Keke,Wang, Min,Htwe, Nang Myint Phyu Sin,Li, Ping,Li, Yaoshen,Qi, Fan,Zhang, Dawei,Cao, Min,Kim, Chanhong,Weng, Haiyong,Cen, Haiyan,Black, Ian M.,Azadi, Parastoo,Carlson, Russell W.,Stacey American Society of Plant Biologists 2018 Plant Physiology Vol.176 No.3

<P>Lipopolysaccharides induce a long-lasting burst of reactive oxygen species that is largely associated with chloroplasts.</P><P>Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and are an important microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) that triggers immune responses in plants and animals. A previous genetic screen in Arabidopsis (<I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>) identified LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE-SPECIFIC REDUCED ELICITATION (LORE), a B-type lectin <I>S</I>-domain receptor kinase, as a sensor of LPS. However, the LPS-activated LORE signaling pathway and associated immune responses remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that LPS trigger biphasic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis. The first transient ROS burst was similar to that induced by another MAMP, flagellin, whereas the second long-lasting burst was induced only by LPS. The LPS-triggered second ROS burst was found to be conserved in a variety of plant species. Microscopic observation of the generation of ROS revealed that the LPS-triggered second ROS burst was largely associated with chloroplasts, and functional chloroplasts were indispensable for this response. The lipid A moiety, the most conserved portion of LPS, appears to be responsible for the second ROS burst. Surprisingly, the LPS- and lipid A-triggered second ROS burst was only partially dependent on LORE. Together, our findings provide insight on the LPS-triggered ROS production and the associated signaling pathway.</P>

义句及其隐性意义

??民(Guan Hui-Min) 중국문화연구학회 2004 중국문화연구 Vol.0 No.5

본 논문은 현재 점점 많은 학자들, 특히 대외한어교학에 종사하는 학자들이 관심을 갖고 있는 주제인 "義句"를 다루었다. 먼저 "義句"란 무엇인가? 그리고 "義句"가 내포하고 있는 의미, 나아가 "義句"연구와 대외한어와의 관계 등을 고찰한 후, 결론으로 "義句"연구를 위한 몇 가지 점을 제안을 하였다. 물론 주제가 "義句"라는 것이 기존에 전혀 없었던 것은 아니다. 과거에는 이것을 독립성분으로 취급하는 것으로 끝났던 것을 필자는 화용적인 측면, 그리고 대외한어교학적인 관점에서 착안하여 문제점을 제시하였다.

치아색조선택에 색조교육 및 배경색이 미치는 영향

민관식(Guan-Sik Min),이화진(Hwa-Jin Lee),박찬운(Charn-Woon Park) 대한턱관절교합학회 1998 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.14 No.1