Regional Cultural Enterprises and Cultural Markets in Early Republican China: The Motion Picture as Case Study

Matthew D. Johnson 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2015 Cross-Currents Vol.- No.16

The transition of the motion picture from foreign amusement to local enterprise was primarily the result of transnational commercial activity linking investors, entrepreneurs, and entertainment professionals. Amid the ongoing urbanization of China’s early Republican period, the enterprises emerging from this activity became increasingly profitable and, as a result, film production and exhibition became regularized phenomena, rooted in identifiable genres and standardized approaches to engaging audiences within the immersive space of the theater. By the early 1920s, those closest to the nascent industry were eager to legitimize its power by portraying the medium as a tool for political and social reform. However, commercial strategies and aesthetics remained relatively undisturbed despite this progressive rhetoric. In geographic terms, motion picture– related enterprises and culture remained strongly regional: affected and constrained by the non- Chinese national industries operating in politically divided China, by competing forms of local popular culture, and by existing geographies of exchange and infrastructure. The early Republican “experimental” period in Chinese cinema was, from an enterprise-centered perspective, one of numerous coexisting subnational cultural centers and zones.

Heme–thiolate sulfenylation of human cytochrome P450 4A11 functions as a redox switch for catalytic inhibition

Albertolle, Matthew E.,Kim, Donghak,Nagy, Leslie D.,Yun, Chul-Ho,Pozzi, Ambra,Savas, Uzen,Johnson, Eric F.,Guengerich, F. Peter American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2017 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.292 No.27

<P>Cytochrome P450 (P450, CYP) 4A11 is a human fatty acid omega-hydroxylase that catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to the eicosanoid 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), which plays important roles in regulating blood pressure regulation. Variants of P450 4A11 have been associated with high blood pressure and resistance to anti-hypertensive drugs, and 20-HETE has both pro-and antihypertensive properties relating to increased vasoconstriction and natriuresis, respectively. These physiological activities are likely influenced by the redox environment, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we found that reducing agents (e. g. dithiothreitol and tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine) strongly enhanced the catalytic activity of P450 4A11, but not of 10 other human P450s tested. Conversely, added H2O2 attenuated P450 4A11 catalytic activity. Catalytic roles of five of the potentially eight implicated Cys residues of P450 4A11 were eliminated by site-directed mutagenesis. Using an isotope-coded dimedone/iododimedone-labeling strategy and mass spectrometry of peptides, we demonstrated that the heme-thiolate cysteine (Cys-457) is selectively sulfenylated in an H2O2 concentration-dependent manner. This sulfenylation could be reversed by reducing agents, including dithiothreitol and dithionite. Of note, we observed heme ligand cysteine sulfenylation of P450 4A11 ex vivo in kidneys and livers derived from CYP4A11 transgenic mice. We also detected sulfenylation of murine P450 4a12 and 4b1 heme peptides in kidneys. To our knowledge, reversible oxidation of the heme thiolate has not previously been observed in P450s and may have relevance for 20-HETE-mediated functions.</P>

How Precisely Can Prostate Cancer Be Managed?

Liyan Zhuang,Matthew T. Johnson 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.S1

Progress has been made in applying genetic information to disease management in the postgenomic era, and precision medicine is emerging in prostate cancer management. The prostate health index, the 4-kallikrein (4K) score, and the PCA3, TMPRSS2- ERG, and Prostarix tests have potential for refining prostate cancer screening in conjunction with traditional prostatespecific antigen testing. The Confirm MDx and PCA3 tests have shown promise in identifying men who need be rebiopsied after a primary negative biopsy. Oncotype DX, Prolaris, the biopsy-based Decipher prostate cancer test, and ProMark may improve predictive risk stratification in addition to the traditional Gleason score and tumor stage. Decipher and Prolaris may predict biochemical recurrence and metastasis after radical prostatectomy and possibly help identify patients who need adjuvant therapy. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 appears effective in guiding the selection of second hormonal manipulation with abiraterone or enzalutamide versus chemotherapy when treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

New Experiences of Big Screens in Contemporary China

Jeesoon Hong,Matthew D. Johnson 한국중어중문학회 2014 中語中文學 Vol.58 No.-

This article explores various forms of big screens in China, in particular in Shanghai. In order to examine both macro-level questions of political economy and to micro-level questions of bodily-sensory experience, I deploy the term, ScreenSpace, which is inspired by the term, MediaSpace. Firstly, I discuss the ‘screengoing’ experience in multiplexes and mega shopping malls. Secondly, I attempt to convey something of the rich interface between body and screen with particular focus on the animated “painted scrolls” on display at China’s National Pavilion during the Shanghai Expo. Thirdly, I examine the Jia Zhangke film I Wish I Knew, which was commissioned by the Shanghai Expo’s state planners. This film is significant in the connections it draws between historical and contemporary Shanghai, and its incorporation of the Expo itself as a cinematic setting. Lastly, I examine how ScreenSpace produced at local levels replicates this logic of fusion, by combining multiple media, and representations of past and present, into site-specific media ‘events.’

A Modular-based Miniature Mobile Robot for Pervasive Computing

Yan Meng,Kerry Johnson,Brian Simms,Matthew Conforth 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.1 No.1

Increasingly, innovations in miniaturization and embedded systems are making pervasive computing a reality. Meanwhile, similar advancements in robotics have made autonomous mobile robots easier to develop and more cost-efficient. However, since the field of ubiquitous robotics remains relatively unexplored, we develop SMARbot (Stevens Modular Autonomous Robot), as a tool to explore the pervasive capability of miniature robots. The SMARTBot was designed to be a highly modular, adaptable, inexpensive base model to integrate miniature mobile robots into the pervasive computing environment. The hardware and software architecture of the prototype are proposed. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the SMARbot in the real-world scenarios

Retreatability of two endodontic sealers, EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus: a micro-computed tomographic comparison

Enrique Oltra,Timothy C. Cox,Matthew R. LaCourse,James D. Johnson,Avina Paranjpe 대한치과보존학회 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.1

Objectives: Recently, bioceramic sealers like EndoSequence BC Sealer (BC Sealer) have been introduced and are being used in endodontic practice. However, this sealer has limited research related to its retreatability. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the retreatability of two sealers, BC Sealer as compared with AH Plus using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six extracted human maxillary incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into 4 groups of 14 teeth: 1A, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated with chloroform; 1B, guttapercha, AH Plus retreated without chloroform; 2A, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated with chloroform; 2B, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated without chloroform. Micro-CT scans were taken before and after obturation and retreatment and analyzed for the volume of residual material. The specimens were longitudinally sectioned and digitized images were taken with the dental operating microscope. Data was analyzed using an ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test. Fisher exact tests were performed to analyze the ability to regain patency. Results: There was significantly less residual root canal filling material in the AH Plus groups retreated with chloroform as compared to the others. The BC Sealer samples retreated with chloroform had better results than those retreated without chloroform. Furthermore, patency could be re-established in only 14% of teeth in the BC Sealer without chloroform group. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the BC Sealer group had significantly more residual filling material than the AH Plus group regardless of whether or not both sealers were retreated with chloroform.

Comparative effectiveness of two stabilization exercise positions on pain and functional disability of patients with low back pain

Adesola Ojo Ojoawo,Mulikat Abiola Hassan,Matthew Olatokunbo B. Olaogun,Esther Olubusola Johnson,Chidozie Emmanuel Mbada 한국운동재활학회 2017 JER Vol.13 No.3

The study investigated the effects of two stabilization exercise positions (prone and supine) on pain intensity (PI) and functional disability (FD) of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). The 56 sub-jects that completed the study were randomly assigned into stabiliza-tion in prone (SIP) (n=19), stabilization in supine (SIS) (n=20), and prone and supine (SIPS) position (n=17) groups. Subjects in all the groups re-ceived infrared radiation for 15 min and kneading massage at the low back region. Subjects in SIP, SIS, and SIPS groups received stabilization exercise in prone lying, supine lying and combination of both positions respectively. Treatment was applied twice weekly for eight weeks. PI and FD level of each subject were measured at baseline, 4th and 8th week of the treatment sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The alpha level was set at P<0.05. With-in-group comparison indicated that PI and FD at the 4th and 8th week were significantly reduced (P<0.001) when compared with baseline in all the three groups. However, the result showed that there was no sig-nificant difference in the PI and FD at the 8th week (P>0.05) of the treat-ment sessions across the three groups when compared. It can be con-cluded that stabilization exercises carried out in prone, supine and combination of the two positions were equally effective in managing pain and disability of patients with NSCLBP. However, no position was superior to the other.

INVESTIGATING EFFICIENCY OF BOTTOM AND HANGING GEARS FOR GROWING EASTERN OYSTERS (Crassostrea virginica)

Laurieann Phalen,Gulnihal Ozbay,Tyler O’Neal,Matthew Stone,Katherine Ommanney,Eleanor Johnson,Brian Reckenbeil,John Ewart 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

The description of Haematococcus privus sp. nov. (Chlorophyceae, Chlamydomonadales) from North America

Mark A. Buchheim,Ashley Silver,Haley Johnson,Richard Portman,Matthew B. Toomey 한국조류학회I 2023 ALGAE Vol.38 No.1

An enormous body of research is focused on finding ways to commercialize carotenoids produced by the unicellular green alga, Haematococcus, often without the benefit of a sound phylogenetic assessment. Evidence of cryptic diversity in the genus means that comparing results of pigment studies may be confounded by the absence of a phylogenetic framework. Moreover, previous work has identified unnamed strains that are likely candidates for species status. We reconstructed the phylogeny of an expanded sampling of Haematococcus isolates utilizing data from nuclear ribosomal markers (18S rRNA gene, 26S rRNA gene, internal transcribed spacer [ITS]-1, 5.8S rRNA gene, and ITS-2) and the rbcL gene. In addition, we gathered morphological, ultrastructural and pigment data from key isolates of Haematococcus. Our expanded data and taxon sampling support the concept of a new species, H. privus, found exclusively in North America. Despite overlap in numerous morphological traits, results indicate that ratios of protoplast length to width and akinete diameter may be useful for discriminating Haematococcus lineages. High growth rate and robust astaxanthin yield indicate that H. rubicundus (SAG 34-1c) is worthy of additional scrutiny as a pigment source. With the description of H. privus, the evidence supports the existence of at least five, species-level lineages in the genus. Our phylogenetic assessment provides the tools to frame future pigment investigations of Haematococcus in an updated evolutionary context. In addition, our investigation highlighted open questions regarding polyploidy and sexuality in Haematococcus which demonstrate that much remains to be discovered about this green flagellate.

Retreatability of two endodontic sealers, EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus: a micro-computed tomographic comparison

Oltra, Enrique,Cox, Timothy C.,LaCourse, Matthew R.,Johnson, James D.,Paranjpe, Avina The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.1

Objectives: Recently, bioceramic sealers like EndoSequence BC Sealer (BC Sealer) have been introduced and are being used in endodontic practice. However, this sealer has limited research related to its retreatability. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the retreatability of two sealers, BC Sealer as compared with AH Plus using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six extracted human maxillary incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into 4 groups of 14 teeth: 1A, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated with chloroform; 1B, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated without chloroform; 2A, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated with chloroform; 2B, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated without chloroform. Micro-CT scans were taken before and after obturation and retreatment and analyzed for the volume of residual material. The specimens were longitudinally sectioned and digitized images were taken with the dental operating microscope. Data was analyzed using an ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test. Fisher exact tests were performed to analyze the ability to regain patency. Results: There was significantly less residual root canal filling material in the AH Plus groups retreated with chloroform as compared to the others. The BC Sealer samples retreated with chloroform had better results than those retreated without chloroform. Furthermore, patency could be re-established in only 14% of teeth in the BC Sealer without chloroform group. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the BC Sealer group had significantly more residual filling material than the AH Plus group regardless of whether or not both sealers were retreated with chloroform.