스포츠 센터의 효율적인 경영을 위한 리더십 이론의 탐색

김형준,임광수 群山大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Research in the sport leadership area has been conducted under the general assumption that the type of leadership behavior by a coach will have a significant impact on the athletes' performance and on their psychological of emotional well-being. The study is leadership theories included House's path goal theory. Hersey and Blanchard's life-cycle theory, and Fiedler's contingency theory. Chelladurai's multidimensional model of leadership. From a theoretical perspective, this review has also indicated consistent support for a situationally based approach to the study of leadership effectiveness, that is, the particular leadership behaviors that will be most effective will vary as a function of the characteristics of the coach and her of his athletes and of factors within the sport context.

개에 발생한 만성 승모판폐쇄부전증에 대한 Pimobendan 치료 1례

장재임,전형규,최호정,이영원,송근호 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2006 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

A 11-year-old intact male maltese dog with respiratory distress, cyanosis and coughing was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. Loud holosystolic murmur with a palpable precordial thrill was heard at the left apex region by auscultation. Left sided cardiac enlargement and mitral regurgitated flow were detected by thoracic radiography and echocardiography, respectively. Clinical signs were improved by treatment of diuretics, ACE inhibitor and pimobendan.

In vivo visualization and monitoring of viable neural stem cells using noninvasive bioluminescence imaging in the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced mouse model of Parkinson disease.

Im, Hyung-Jun,Hwang, Do Won,Lee, Han Kyu,Jang, Jaeho,Lee, Song,Youn, Hyewon,Jin, Yeona,Kim, Seung U,Kim, E Edmund,Kim, Yong Sik,Lee, Dong Soo MIT Press 2013 Molecular imaging Vol.12 No.4

<P>Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has been proposed as a treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this study was to monitor the viability of transplanted NSCs expressing the enhanced luciferase gene in a mouse model of PD in vivo. The PD animal model was induced by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The behavioral test using apomorphine-induced rotation and positron emission tomography with [18F]N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2'-carbomethoxy-3'-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane ([18F]FP-CIT) were conducted. HB1.F3 cells transduced with an enhanced firefly luciferase retroviral vector (F3-effLuc cells) were transplanted into the right striatum. In vivo bioluminescence imaging was repeated for 2 weeks. Four weeks after transplantation, [18F]FP-CIT PET and the rotation test were repeated. All 6-OHDA-injected mice showed markedly decreased [18F]FP-CIT uptake in the right striatum. Transplanted F3-effLuc cells were visualized on the right side of the brain in all mice by bioluminescence imaging. The bioluminescence intensity of the transplanted F3-effLuc cells gradually decreased until it was undetectable by 10 days. The behavioral test showed that stem cell transplantation attenuated the motor symptoms of PD. No significant change was found in [18F]FP-CIT imaging after cell transplantation. We successfully established an in vivo bioluminescence imaging system for the detection of transplanted NSCs in a mouse model of PD. NSC transplantation induced behavioral improvement in PD model mice.</P>

Prognostic Value of Metabolic and Volumetric Parameters of FDG PET in Pediatric Osteosarcoma: A Hypothesis-generating Study

Im, Hyung-Jun,Zhang, Yi,Wu, Huiyun,Wu, Jianrong,Daw, Najat C.,Navid, Fariba,Shulkin, Barry L.,Cho, Steve Y. Radiological Society of North America 2018 Radiology Vol. No.

<P>Conclusion: SUVpeak, MTV, and TLG either at baseline, interim, or posttherapy were predictive of EFS and OS and may be useful prognostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma.</P>

Current Methods to Define Metabolic Tumor Volume in Positron Emission Tomography: Which One is Better?

Im, Hyung-Jun,Bradshaw, Tyler,Solaiyappan, Meiyappan,Cho, Steve Y. The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.1

Numerous methods to segment tumors using $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) have been introduced. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) refers to the metabolically active volume of the tumor segmented using FDG PET, and has been shown to be useful in predicting patient outcome and in assessing treatment response. Also, tumor segmentation using FDG PET has useful applications in radiotherapy treatment planning. Despite extensive research on MTV showing promising results, MTV is not used in standard clinical practice yet, mainly because there is no consensus on the optimal method to segment tumors in FDG PET images. In this review, we discuss currently available methods to measure MTV using FDG PET, and assess the advantages and disadvantages of the methods.

Deletion of Chitinase-3-like 1 accelerates stroke development through enhancement of Neuroinflammation by STAT6-dependent M2 microglial inactivation in Chitinase-3-like 1 knockout mice

Im, Jun Hyung,Yeo, In Jun,Park, Pil Hoon,Choi, Dong Young,Han, Sang-Bae,Yun, Jaesuk,Hong, Jin Tae Elsevier 2020 Experimental neurology Vol.323 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Chitinase 3-like 1 (Chi3L1) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. We investigated the effect of Chi3L1 knockout on stroke development. Ischemia/reperfusion was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Chi3L1 knockout and wildtype mice. Significantly increased infarct volume and decreased neurological deficit scores at 24 h after ischemia/reperfusion were found in Chi3L1 knockout mice compared to wildtype mice. Moreover, ischemic neuronal cell death was increased in Chi3L1 knockout mice through increased oxidative stress and release of IL-6 and IL-1β but IL-10 and IL-4 were reduced. Furthermore, expression of inflammation-related proteins (iNOS, COX-2, Iba-1, and GFAP) was significantly increased in Chi3L1 knockout mice compared to wildtype. In microglia isolated from MCAO-injured Chi3L1 knockout mice, expression of M1 markers (iNOS, CD86, IL-1β, and IL-6) was increased and M2 markers (Arg1, Mrc1, IL-10, and IL-4Ra) was decreased. In BV-2 cells, knockdown of Chi3L1 increased TNF-α- and INF-γ-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2, and Iba-1, but decreased the expression of Arg1, MRC1, and IL-4 receptor-alpha (IL-4Rα). Expression of IL-4Rα, an important factor of M2 polarization, and its downstream signals p-JAK1, p-JAK3, and p-STAT6, was much reduced in the knockout mice. Additionally, in BV-2 cells, knockdown of Chi3L1 by siRNA Chi3L1 decreased rhTNF-α- and INF-γ-induced expression of IL-4Rα, p-JAK1, p-JAK3, and p-STAT6. Furthermore, treatment with AS1517499 abolished Chi3L1 knockdown-induced reduced IL-4Rα and Arg1 but not CD86 expression. Our results indicate that deletion of Chi3L1 accelerates stroke development through enhancement of neuroinflammation by markedly decreasing STAT6-dependent M2 macrophage polarization.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chi3L1 is important for IL-4Rα expression and phosphorylation of STAT6, affecting micorglial M2 polarization. </LI> <LI> Knockdown of Chi3L1 decrease IL-4Rα, p-JAK1, p-JAK3, and p-STAT6 expression level which blocking microglial M2 polarization. </LI> <LI> Absence of Chi3L1 accelerates stroke development through STAT6 dependent M2 microglia inactivation. </LI> </UL> </P>

Prognostic implication of retrocrural lymph node involvement revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with uterine cervical cancer

Im, Hyung-Jun,Yoon, Hai-Jeon,Lee, Eun Seong,Kim, Tae-Sung,Kim, Joo-Young,Chung, June-Key,Kim, Seok-ki,Park, Sang-Yoon Chapman and Hall in association with the British N 2014 Nuclear medicine communications Vol.35 No.3

OBJECTIVES: Lymph node involvement in cervical cancer is an indication of poor prognosis and the risk tends to increase according to the level of lymph node involvement. However, the specific prognostic significance of retrocrural lymph node involvement has not been well characterized because of its small size and deep location. The aim of this study was to assess its prognostic value. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 217 patients with newly diagnosed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IA2–IVA cervical cancer were retrospectively enrolled. All the patients had undergone pretreatment F-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG) PET/CT. Of these patients 145 were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and in this group we assessed the relationship of retrocrural lymph node involvement with the risk of disease progression. RESULTS: Retrocrural lymph node involvement was seen in 7.4% of patients (16/217). All of them had para-aortic lymph node involvement and 56% of the 16 patients (9/16) had concomitant supraclavicular lymph node involvement. In the patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy it was found that the higher the level of F-FDG-positive lymph nodes detected in them, the worse the progression-free survival experienced by them (none vs. pelvic, pelvic vs. para-aortic, para-aortic vs. retrocrural; P<0.05); however, there was no difference in progression outcome between retrocrural and supraclavicular areas (P=NS). On multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, the highest level of F-FDG PET/CT-positive lymph nodes in the para-aortic [hazard ratio (HR) 6.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18–16.81], retrocrural (HR 17.05, 95% CI 5.34–54.44), and supraclavicular areas (HR 19.56, 95% CI 7.15–53.54) was a significant prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: The highest level of lymph node involvement in para-aortic, retrocrural, supraclavicular areas was a significant prognostic factor for progression in uterine cervical cancer patients who were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Retrocrural lymph node involvement shows a similar outcome with supraclavicular involvement, but leads to a worse outcome in terms of progression compared with para-aortic lymph node involvement.

PEGylated Erythropoietin Protects against Brain Injury in the MCAO-Induced Stroke Model by Blocking NF-κB Activation

( Jun Hyung Im ),( In Jun Yeo ),( Chul Ju Hwang ),( Kyung Sun Lee ),( Jin Tae Hong ) 한국응용약물학회 2020 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.28 No.2

Cerebral ischemia exhibits a multiplicity of pathophysiological mechanisms. During ischemic stroke, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration rises to a peak during reperfusion, possibly underlying neuronal death. Recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) supplementation is one method of treating neurodegenerative disease by reducing the generation of ROS. We investigated the therapeutic effect of PEGylated EPO (P-EPO) on ischemic stroke. Mice were administered P-EPO (5,000 U/kg) via intravenous injection, and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion was performed to induce in vivo ischemic stroke. P-EPO ameliorated MCAO-induced neurological deficit and reduced behavioral disorder and the infarct area. Moreover, lipid peroxidation, expression of inflammatory proteins (cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase), and cytokine levels in blood were reduced by the P-EPO treatment. In addition, higher activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was found in the brain after MCAO, but NF-κB activation was reduced in the P-EPO-injected group. Treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor PS-1145 (5 mg/kg) abolished the P-EPO-induced reduction of infarct volume, neuronal death, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, P-EPO was more effective than EPO (5,000 U/kg) and similar to a tissue plasminogen activator (10 mg/kg). An in vitro study revealed that P-EPO (25, 50, and 100 U/mL) treatment protected against rotenone (100 nM)-induced neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and NF-κB activity. These results indicate that the administration of P-EPO exerted neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia damage through anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting NF-κB activation.

Structural Insights into the Quaternary Catalytic Mechanism of Hexameric Human Ouinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase, a Key Enzyme in de novo NAD Biosynthesis

( Hyung-seop Youn ),( Tae Gyun Kim ),( Mun-kyoung Kim ),( Gil Bu Kang ),( Jung Youn Kang ),( Jung-gyu Lee ),( Jun Yop An ),( Kyoung Ryoung Park ),( Youngjin Lee ),( Young Jun Im ),( Jun Hyuck Lee ),( 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 약품개발연구지 Vol.25 No.-

Ouinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) catalyses the production of nicotinic acid Mononucleotide, a precursor of de novo biosynthesis of the ubiquitous coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. QPRT is also essential for maintaining the homeostasis of quinolinic acid in the brain, a possible neurptoxin causing various neurodegenerative diseases. Although QPRT has been extensively analysed, the molecular basis of the reaction catalyzed by human QPRT remains unclear. Here, we present the crystal structures of hexameric human QPRT in the apo form and its complexes With reactant or product. We found that the interaction between dimeric subunits was dramatically altered during the reaction process by conformational changes of two flexible loops in the active site at the dimer-dimer interface. In addition, the N-terminal short helix α1 was identified as a critical hexamer stabilizer. The structural features, size distribution, heat aggregation and ITC studies of the full-length enzyme and the enzyme lacking helix α1 stroungly suggest that human QPRT acts as a hexamer for cooperative reactant binding via three dimeric subunits and maintaining stability. Based on our comparison of human QPRT structures in the apo and complex forms, we propose a drug design strategy targeting malignant glioma.

Prognostic Value of Metabolic and Volumetric Parameters of Preoperative FDG-PET/CT in Patients With Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Im, Hyung-Jun,Oo, Suthet,Jung, Woohyun,Jang, Jin-Young,Kim, Sun-Whe,Cheon, Gi Jeong,Kang, Keon Wook,Chung, June-Key,Kim, E. Edmund,Lee, Dong Soo Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.19

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this study, we aimed to evaluate prognostic value of metabolic and volumetric parameters measured from <SUP>18</SUP>F fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.</P><P>Fifty-one patients with resectable pancreatic cancer who underwent FDG-PET/CT and curative operation were retrospectively enrolled. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured from FDG-PET/CT. Association between FDG-PET/CT and clinicopathologic parameters was evaluated. The prognostic values of the FDG-PET/CT and clinicopathologic parameters for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses.</P><P>The 51 enrolled patients were followed up for a median of 21 months (mean ± SD: 23 ± 16 months, range: 1–78 months) with 33 (65%) recurrences and 30 (59%) deaths during the period. SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were associated with Tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and presence of lymph node metastasis. MTV and TLG were associated with presence of lymphovascular invasion, whereas SUVmax was not. On the univariate analysis, SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were associated with RFS and OS. Also, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were associated with OS on the univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, MTV and TLG were independent prognostic factors for RFS and OS. SUVmax was an independent prognostic factor for OS, but not for RFS.</P><P>Metabolic tumor volume and TLG were independently predictive of RFS and OS in resectable pancreatic cancer. SUVmax was an independent factor for OS, but not for RFS.</P>