Design and Implementation of Power-Saving Multicast Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Yu-Zhi Huang,Wen-Jiunn Liu,Kai-Ten Feng 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.2 No.2

How to provide low energy consumption and high packet delivery ratio are considered the major issues in the protocol design for the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The main focus of this paper is to reduce the number of data transmissions within the WSNs for decreasing the energy consumption of the sensor nodes. In the wired networks, the Steiner-Tree is regarded as the optimal approach for constructing the multicast structure for specific senders and receiver. However, the results can not be directly applied to the wireless environment. In this paper, an Energy Conserving Multicast Routing (ECMR) protocol is proposed to reduce the total number of relaying nodes for the construction of a multicast tree. It is designed to be a heuristic scheme since achieving a minimal cost multicast tree is considered an NP-Hard problem in the wireless broadcast environment. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is implemented on practical embedded platforms for performance evaluation. Comparing with the existing multicast routing protocol, the experimental results show that the proposed ECMR scheme can provide better energy conservation while the packet delivery ratio is still preserved.

In Vitro and in Vivo Antitumor Evaluation of Berbamine for Lung Cancer Treatment

Hou, Zhi-Bo,Lu, Kai-Jin,Wu, Xiao-Li,Chen, Cong,Huang, Xin-En,Yin, Hai-Tao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: Lung cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world, is characterized by relatively high morbidity and mortality. Berbamine (BER) has been initially reported to exert anti-proliferative effects against a series of cancers. Methods: In this study the in vitro cytotoxicity of BER was measured by MTT assay. In vivo anti-cancer efficacy of BER was assessed in A549 xenografts. Results: Cytotoxicity tests showed dose-dependent cell growth inhibition effects of BER against A549 cells. Moreover, BER significantly reduced the growth of lung cancer in a dose-dependent manner in nude mice with prolonged survival time. Conclusion: Therefore, BER might be in herbal medicine for cancer therapy and further efforts are needed to explore therapeutic strategies.

Pituitary Adenoma Biomarkers Identified Using Proteomic Fingerprint Technology

Zhou, Kai-Yu,Jin, Hang-Huang,Bai, Zhi-Qiang,Liu, Chi-Bo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Objective: To determine whether pituitary adenomas can be diagnosed by identifying protein biomarkers in the serum. Methods: We compared serum proteins from 65 pituitary adenoma patients and 90 healthy donors using proteomic fingerprint technology combining magnetic beads with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Results: A total of 42 M/Z peaks were identified as related to pituitary adenoma (P<0.01). A diagnostic model established based on three biomarkers (3382.0, 4601.9, 9191.2) showed that the sensitivity of diagnosing pituitary adenoma was 90.0% and the specificity was 88.3%. The model was further tested by blind analysis showing that the sensitivity was 88.0% and the specificity was 83.3%. Conclusions: These results suggest that proteomic fingerprint technology can be used to identify pituitary adenoma biomarkers and the model based on three biomarkers (3382.0, 4601.9, 9191.2) provides a powerful and reliable method for diagnosing pituitary adenoma.

A Physical-layer Security Scheme Based on Cross-layer Cooperation in Dense Heterogeneous Networks

( Zhang Bo ),( Huang Kai-zhi ),( Chen Ya-jun ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.6

In this paper, we investigate secure communication with the presence of multiple eavesdroppers (Eves) in a two-tier downlink dense heterogeneous network, wherein there is a macrocell base station (MBS) and multiple femtocell base stations (FBSs). Each base station (BS) has multiple users. And Eves attempt to wiretap a macrocell user (MU). To keep Eves ignorant of the confidential message, we propose a physical-layer security scheme based on cross-layer cooperation to exploit interference in the considered network. Under the constraints on the quality of service (QoS) of other legitimate users and transmit power, the secrecy rate of system can be maximized through jointly optimizing the beamforming vectors of MBS and cooperative FBSs. We explore the problem of maximizing secrecy rate in both non-colluding and colluding Eves scenarios, respectively. Firstly, in non-colluding Eves scenario, we approximate the original non-convex problem into a few semi-definite programs (SDPs) by employing the semi-definite relaxation (SDR) technique and conservative convex approximation under perfect channel state information (CSI) case. Furthermore, we extend the frame to imperfect CSI case and use the Lagrangian dual theory to cope with uncertain constraints on CSI. Secondly, in colluding Eves scenario, we transform the original problem into a two-tier optimization problem equivalently. Among them, the outer layer problem is a single variable optimization problem and can be solved by one-dimensional linear search. While the inner-layer optimization problem is transformed into a convex SDP problem with SDR technique and Charnes-Cooper transformation. In the perfect CSI case of both non-colluding and colluding Eves scenarios, we prove that the relaxation of SDR is tight and analyze the complexity of proposed algorithms. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness and robustness of proposed scheme.

The facile preparation of Cu–Zn–Al oxide composite catalysts with high stability and performance for the production of dimethyl ether using modified aluminum alkoxide

Peng Wanga,Wei Huang,GuangZhi Zhang,Zhi-hua Gao,Yu Tang,Kai Sun,XiaoYu Zhang 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.26 No.-

Modified aluminum alkoxide prepared by alcoholysis was used as an aluminum source in the complete liquid-phase technology for the preparation of slurry catalysts. The use of the modified aluminum alkoxide afforded control over the rate of the hydrolysis/condensation reactions during the preparation of the catalyst precursors, thereby generating catalysts with a fine nano-structured active metal and metallic oxide particles. Four types of Cu–Zn–Al (molar ratio is 2:1:4) catalysts were prepared using different procedures. These catalysts were tested for CO hydrogenation at 553 K, 4.0 MPa and H2/ CO = 1.0 in a kettle with a mechanical agitator. The results indicated that the activity of the catalysts was greatly dependent on the rate of the hydrolysis/condensation reactions, and the catalyst with the best catalytic performance was obtained by controlling the hydrolysis/alcoholysis rate during catalyst synthesis by pre-alcoholysis of AIP as the aluminum source, over which the CO conversion and dimethyl ether selectivity could reach 62.6% and 62.5%, respectively.

A Microscopic Cohesive Zone Model and Effects of Interface on the Transverse Mechanical Properties for Composites

Wenbin Jia,Lei Fang,Zhi Chen,Kai Zhao,Hongmei Huang,Lei Pan 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.5

The carbon fiber/epoxy matrix interface plays an important role in the behavior and damage onset of unidirectionalfiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites and accurate modeling techniques are needed to study the effects of this complexregion on the composite response. In this work, a microscopic cohesive zone model (MCZM) based on atomic potentialenergy is established for the interface. A multiscale analysis method is proposed for predicting the transverse mechanicalproperties of unidirectional fiber composites: (1) At the microscale, MCZM is established for the interface; (2) At themesoscale, a unit cell model is established for the fiber, matrix and interface; and (3) At the macroscale, the homogenizationmethod, failure criteria and damage degradation models are used for predicting the transverse mechanical properties. Subsequently, the transverse mechanical properties and the damage evolution process are simulated with the multiscaleanalysis method. A comparison between the simulations and experiments shows that: (1) The maximum errors of thepredicted transverse modulus and transverse strength are -4.45 % and -1.28 %, respectively; and (2) MCZM can reflect thenonlinearity of epoxy matrix composite materials. Moreover, the effects of the interfacial strength on the macroscopictransverse mechanical properties and the damage onset are analysed. The simulation results show that: (1) The interfacialstrength has a more significant effect on the transverse strength and ultimate strain than on the transverse modulus; (2)Decreasing the interfacial strength has a greater effect on the transverse modulus, strength and ultimate strain than increasingthe interfacial strength; and (3) The interfacial strength can change the damage onset.

A Multiscale Analysis Method for Predicting the Transverse Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional Fibre-reinforced Composites

Wenbin Jia,Lei Fang,Zhi Chen,Kai Zhao,Hongmei Huang,Lei Pan 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.6

Mechanical property prediction methods for composites are very important as theoretical tools for engineeringstructural design. To more accurately capture the transverse mechanical properties of composites, a multiscale analysismethod is developed in this paper. The multiscale analysis method includes three scales: (1) At the microscale, a microscopiccohesive model based on atomic potential energy is established for the interface; (2) At the mesoscale, a unit cell model isestablished for the fibre, matrix and interface; and (3) At the macroscale, the homogenization method, failure criteria anddamage degradation models are used for predicting the transverse mechanical properties. Subsequently, the transversemechanical properties and the damage evolution process are simulated with the multiscale analysis method. A comparisonbetween the simulations and experiments shows that the maximum error of the predicted transverse modulus and transversestrength is -4.45 % and -12.05 %, respectively. Finally, the effects of the interfacial strength on the macroscopic transversemechanical properties and the damage onset are analysed. The following conclusions are drawn from the simulation results:(1) The interfacial strength has a more significant effect on the transverse strength and ultimate strain than on the transversemodulus; (2) Decreasing the interfacial strength has a greater effect on the transverse modulus, strength and ultimate strainthan increasing the interfacial strength; and (3) The interfacial strength can change the damage onset.

Two Androstane Derivatives from the Cultures of Fungus Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer

Yang, Ning-Ning,Ma, Qing-Yun,Huang, Sheng-Zhuo,Dai, Hao-Fu,Guo, Zhi-Kai,Yu, Zhi-Fang,Zhao, You-Xing Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.11

A new androstane derivative, $4{\beta}$-methyl-15-oxa-$14{\beta}$-androstane-7-ene-$4{\alpha}$-carboxylic acid (1) and a known one $4{\beta}$-methyl-15-oxa-$14{\beta}$-androstane-7-ene-$4{\alpha}$-hydroxyl (2) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the cultures of the fungus Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS spectroscopic data analysis. The inhibitory activity of two isolates against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) revealed that compound 1 exhibited definitely inhibitory activity.

Impact of NR1I2, adenosine triphosphateebinding cassette transporters genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenoside compound K in healthy Chinese volunteers

Luping Zhou,Lulu Chen,Yaqin Wang,Jie Huang,Guo Ping Yang,Zhi-Rong Tang,Yicheng Wang,Jianwei Liao,Gan Zhou,Kai-hua Wei,Zhenyu Li,Dongsheng Ouyang 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.3

Background: Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a promising drug candidate for rheumatoid arthritis. Thisstudy examined the impact of polymorphisms in NR1I2, adenosine triphosphateebinding cassette (ABC)transporter genes on the pharmacokinetics of CK in healthy Chinese individuals. Methods: Forty-two targeted variants in seven genes were genotyped in 54 participants using SequenomMassARRAY system to investigate their association with major pharmacokinetic parameters of CK and itsmetabolite 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD). Subsequently, molecular docking was simulated using theAutoDock Vina program. Results: ABCC4 rs1751034 TT and rs1189437 TT were associated with increased exposure of CK anddecreased exposure of 20(S)-PPD, whereas CFTR rs4148688 heterozygous carriers had the lowestmaximum concentration (Cmax) of CK. The area under the curve from zero to the time of the lastquantifiable concentration (AUClast) of CK was decreased in NR1I2 rs1464602 and rs2472682 homozygouscarriers, while Cmax was significantly reduced only in rs2472682. ABCC4 rs1151471 and CFTR rs2283054influenced the pharmacokinetics of 20(S)-PPD. In addition, several variations in ABCC2, ABCC4, CFTR, andNR1I2 had minor effects on the pharmacokinetics of CK. Quality of the best homology model of multidrugresistance protein 4 (MRP4) was assessed, and the ligand interaction plot showed the mode of interactionof CK with different MRP4 residues. Conlusion: ABCC4 rs1751034 and rs1189437 affected the pharmacokinetics of both CK and 20(S)-PPD. NR1I2 rs1464602 and rs2472682 were only associated with the pharmacokinetics of CK. Thus, thesehereditary variances could partly explain the interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of CK.

Two New Phenolic Compounds from the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma tropicum

Hu, Li-Li,Ma, Qing-Yun,Huang, Sheng-Zhuo,Guo, Zhi-Kai,Guo, Jian-Chun,Dai, Hao-Fu,Zhao, You-Xing Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.3

Chemical investigation of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma tropicum led to the isolation of two new phenolic compounds, ganodermatropins A (1) and B (2). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (MS, 1D and 2D NMR). Ganodermatropin A exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.