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Experimental Study of Turbulent Premixed Flames in a High-Pressure Environment
Hideaki Kobayashi 한국자동차공학회 1997 한국자동차공학회 Workshop Vol.1997 No.-
1)The scales of turbulence generated by perforated plates at elevated pressure are smaller than those at atnospheric pressure, indicating that turbulence structures become fine in a high-pressure environment.<br/> 2)The increase in pressure causes finer and more convoluted structures in the flame and wrinkles with sharper cusps. The decreases in the Gibson scale and the Markstein length with pressure are consistent with these phenomena.<br/> 3)The interaction between the flame front and vortex tubes in enhanced by elevated pressure, indicating that the interaction should be an important mechanism of the generation of the flame front disturbances at high-pressure.<br/> 4)The diffusive-thermal effects weaken with increasing pressure, resulting in relatively stronger hydrodynamic instability of flame front. This effect may play an important role in the rapid increase of S_T/S_L with increasing u'/S_L for small value of u'/S_L at high-pressure.
ALUMINUM BIAS SPUTTERING FOR FILM COVERAGE IMPROVEMENT
Kobayashi.Shigeru,Shimamura, Hideaki,Sakata, Masao,Fujita, Shouyou,Yajima, Akira,Saito, Hiroshi,Tateishi, Hideki,Sasaki, Shinji 대한전자공학회 1989 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.1 No.1
A filter was installed between the sputtering target and the substrate so as to reduce the aluminum deposition arriving with a shallow angle at the substrate in order to study the step coverage improvement by the bias application. It is deduced that the aluminum flowage occurs so that the surface energy is minimized around the via hole. Aluminum films deposited with the pulsed biasing were characterized in which the possible microstructual damage by argon bombardment is to be minimized. This biasing technique should provide with a better process for the step coverage improvement. A sputtering cathode was developed for aluminum bias sputtering which has a substrate current capability as high as 2A for a 5 inch wafer at the substrate voltage around-50V.
Age-Related Prevalence of Periodontoid Calcification and Its Associations with Acute Cervical Pain
Takashi Kobayashi,Naohisa Miyakoshi,Norikazu Konno,Yoshinori Ishikawa,Hideaki Noguchi,Yoichi Shimada 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.6
Study Design: Prospective study. Purpose: To assess the prevalence of periodontoid calcification and its associations with acute cervical pain. Overview of Literature: Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease is a common rheumatological disorder that occurs especially in elderly patients. Although CPPD crystals induce acute arthritis, these crystals are not usually symptomatic. Calcification surrounding the odontoid process (periodontoid calcification) has been reported to induce inflammation, resulting in acute neck pain. This disease is called crowned dens syndrome. Whether calcification induces inflammation or whether the crystals are symptomatic remains unclear. Methods: The prevalence of periodontoid calcification at the atlas transverse ligament was examined by computed tomography of the upper cervical spine in patients suspected of brain disease but no cervical pain (control group, n=296), patients with pseudogout of the peripheral joints but no cervical pain (arthritis group, n=41), and patients with acute neck pain (neck pain group, n=22). Next, the correlation between the prevalence of periodontoid calcification and symptoms was analyzed. Results: In the control group, 40 patients (13.5%) showed periodontoid calcification with no significant difference in the prevalence with gender. The prevalence of calcification increased significantly with age (p =0.002). In the arthritis group, 26 patients (63.4%) reported periodontoid calcification. In the neck pain group, 14 patients (63.6%) reported periodontoid calcification. Multiple logistic regression analysis by age and group revealed that higher age, inclusion in the arthritis group, and inclusion in the neck pain group significantly affected the prevalence of calcification. Conclusions: Our results cumulatively suggest that periodontoid calcification is an aging-related reaction and that calcification per se does not always cause neck pain. Periodontoid calcification was observed more frequently in patients with pseudogout of the peripheral joints and in those with acute neck pain than in asymptomatic control patients.
Sakurai, Takeo,Kobayashi, Jun,Kinoshita, Kyoko,Ito, Nozomi,Serizawa, Shigeko,Shiraishi, Hiroaki,Lee, Jeong-Hoon,Horiguchi, Toshihiro,Maki, Hideaki,Mizukawa, Kaoruko,Imaizumi, Yoshitaka,Kawai, Toru,Suz Wiley Periodicals 2013 Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol.32 No.9
<P>The authors investigated the kinetics of transfer of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) from water, suspended sediment, and bottom sediment to a marine benthic fish, the marbled flounder (<I>Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae</I>). Fish were exposed in 3 treatments to PFOS in combinations of these exposure media for 28 d and then depurated for 84 d. A major part (37–66%) of PFOS in the fish was in the carcass (i.e., whole body minus muscle and internal organs). Three first-order-kinetic models that differed in exposure media, that is, 1) sum of dissolved and particulate phases and sediment; 2) dissolved phase, particulate phase, and sediment; and 3) dissolved phase only, were fitted to the data assuming common rate constants among the treatments. The uptake efficiency of dissolved PFOS at the respiratory surfaces was estimated to be 3.2% that of oxygen, and the half-life of PFOS in the whole body to be 29 d to 31 d. The better fit of models 1 and 2 and the values of the estimated uptake rate constants suggested that the PFOS in suspended and bottom sediments, in addition to that dissolved in water, contributed to the observed body burden of the fish. Based on an evaluation of several possible contributing factors to the uptake of PFOS from suspended and bottom sediments, the authors propose that further investigation is necessary regarding the mechanisms responsible for the uptake. <I>Environ Toxicol Chem</I> 2013;32:2009–2017. © 2013 The Authors. <I>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</I> Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., on behalf of SETAC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.</P>
Kaoru Okugawa,Hideaki Yahata,Tatsuhiro Ohgami,Masafumi Yasunaga,Kazuo Asanoma,Hiroaki Kobayashi,Kiyoko Kato 대한부인종양학회 2023 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.34 No.3
Objective: To apply the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2018 staging system to all patients who underwent trachelectomy in our previous study and to update the oncologic and obstetric results. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients in whom abdominal trachelectomy was attempted between June 2005 and September 2021. The FIGO 2018 staging system for cervical cancer was applied to all patients. Results: Abdominal trachelectomy was attempted for 265 patients. Trachelectomy was converted to hysterectomy in 35 patients, and trachelectomy was completed successfully in 230 (conversion rate: 13%). Applying the FIGO 2018 staging system, 40% of the patients who underwent radical trachelectomy had stage IA tumors. Among 71 patients who had tumors measuring ≥2 cm, 8 patients were classified as stage IA1 and 14 as stage IA2. Overall recurrence and mortality rates were 2.2% and 1.3%, respectively. One hundred twelve patients attempted to conceive after trachelectomy; 69 pregnancies were achieved in 46 patients (pregnancy rate: 41%). Twenty-three pregnancies ended in first-trimester miscarriage, and 41 infants were delivered between gestational weeks 23 and 37; 16 were deliveries at term (39%) and 25 were premature deliveries (61%). Conclusion: This study suggested that patients judged to be ineligible for trachelectomy and patients receiving overtreatment will continue to appear using the current standard eligibility criteria. With the revisions to the FIGO 2018 staging system, the preoperative eligibility criteria for trachelectomy, which were based on the FIGO 2009 staging system and tumor size, should be changed.
Left Subclavian Artery Occlusion: Femoro-Axillary Artery Retrograde Bypass
Masaya Nakashima,Hideaki Kobayashi,Masayoshi Kobayashi 대한혈관외과학회 2016 Vascular Specialist International Vol.32 No.2
The treatment tactics for subclavian artery occlusion include the more commonly used endovascular therapy rather than surgical intervention. We present a case of a 61-year-old woman with dialysis-dependent chronic renal failure who experienced left finger necrosis in the left upper extremity. To salvage the limb, we performed femoral-to-axillary (fem-ax) artery bypass using an autologous saphenous vein graft. However, 10 months later, she experienced coldness in the left forearm. Angiography revealed chronic total occlusion of the venous bypass. Despite emergent thrombectomy, redo fem-ax artery bypass operation was performed using a prosthetic graft. Upper limb salvage can be achieved by fem-ax artery retrograde bypass. The treatment tactics for subclavian artery occlusion include the more commonly used endovascular therapy rather than surgical intervention. We present a case of a 61-year-old woman with dialysis-dependent chronic renal failure who experienced left finger necrosis in the left upper extremity. To salvage the limb, we performed femoro-axillary (fem-ax) artery bypass using an autologous saphenous vein graft. However, 10 months later, she experienced coldness in the left forearm. Angiography revealed chronic total occlusion of the venous bypass. Despite emergent thrombectomy, redo fem-ax artery bypass operation was performed using a prosthetic graft. Upper limb salvage can be achieved by fem-ax artery retrograde bypass.