INFLATION , TAXATION , AND THE INTERNATIONAL ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL

WONG, DAVID Y. 한국국제경제학회 1989 International Economic Journal Vol.3 No.1

This paper examines the interactive effects of inflation and taxation on the international allocation of capital using an open-economy monetary growth model. The joint effects of inflation and taxation on international capital flows, the economy-wide debt-equity ratio, and the various balance of payments accounts are explicitly modeled. Elements of the analysis include the important issue of investment finance, and integrated tax structure, and depreciation accounting. It is found that inflation weakens the current account position. Also, the effects of inflation on capital intensity are, in general, sensitive to the method of investment finance.

A Prospective 1-Year Follow-Up of Glycemic Status and C-Peptide Levels of COVID-19 Survivors with Dysglycemia in Acute COVID-19 Infection

David Tak Wai Lui,Chi Ho Lee,Ying Wong,Carol Ho Yi Fong,Kimberly Hang Tsoi,Yu Cho Woo,Tan Kathryn Choon-Beng 대한당뇨병학회 2024 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.48 No.4

Background: We evaluated changes in glycemic status, over 1 year, of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors with dysglycemia in acute COVID-19.Methods: COVID-19 survivors who had dysglycemia (defined by glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] 5.7% to 6.4% or random glucose ≥10.0 mmol/L) in acute COVID-19 were recruited from a major COVID-19 treatment center from September to October 2020. Matched non-COVID controls were recruited from community. The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed at baseline (6 weeks after acute COVID-19) and 1 year after acute COVID-19, with HbA1c, insulin and C-peptide measurements. Progression in glycemic status was defined by progression from normoglycemia to prediabetes/diabetes, or prediabetes to diabetes.Results: Fifty-two COVID-19 survivors were recruited. Compared with non-COVID controls, they had higher C-peptide (<i>P</i>< 0.001) and trend towards higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (<i>P</i>=0.065). Forty-three COVID-19 survivors attended 1-year reassessment. HbA1c increased from 5.5%±0.3% to 5.7%±0.2% (<i>P</i><0.001), with increases in glucose on OGTT at fasting (<i>P</i>=0.089), 30-minute (<i>P</i>=0.126), 1-hour (<i>P</i>=0.014), and 2-hour (<i>P</i>=0.165). At baseline, 19 subjects had normoglycemia, 23 had prediabetes, and one had diabetes. Over 1 year, 10 subjects (23.8%; of 42 non-diabetes subjects at baseline) had progression in glycemic status. C-peptide levels remained unchanged (<i>P</i>=0.835). Matsuda index decreased (<i>P</i>=0.007) and there was a trend of body mass index increase from 24.4±2.7 kg/m² to 25.6±5.2 (<i>P</i>=0.083). Subjects with progression in glycemic status had more severe COVID-19 illness than non-progressors (<i>P</i>=0.030). Reassessment was not performed in the control group.Conclusion: Subjects who had dysglycemia in acute COVID-19 were characterized by insulin resistance. Over 1 year, a quarter had progression in glycemic status, especially those with more severe COVID-19. Importantly, there was no significant deterioration in insulin secretory capacity.

The Impact of Family Planning on Women's Lives : The Research Process in the Philippines

WONG, Emelita L.,DIAZ, M. Eliza,CABARABAN, Magdalena C.,DAVID, Fely,AVILA, Josephine L. Asian Center Women's Studies Korean Women's Instit 2000 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.6 No.3

Effect of light exposure on metalloporphyrin-treated newborn mice.

Schulz, Stephanie,Wong, Ronald J,Kalish, Flora S,Zhao, Hui,Jang, Kyu Yun,Vreman, Hendrik J,Stevenson, David K Williams Wilkins Co. [etc.] 2012 Pediatric research Vol.72 No.2

<P>Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia arises from increased bilirubin production and decreased bilirubin elimination. Although phototherapy safely and effectively reduces bilirubin levels, recent evidence shows that it has adverse effects. Therefore, alternative treatments are warranted. Metalloporphyrins, competitive inhibitors of heme oxygenase (HO), the rate-limiting enzyme in bilirubin production, effectively reduce bilirubin formation; however, many are photoreactive. Here, we investigated possible photosensitizing effects of chromium mesoporphyrin (CrMP) and zinc deuteroporphyrin bis-glycol (ZnBG).</P>

A comprehensive review of the sinuvertebral nerve with clinical applications

Brian Shayota,T,L,Wong,Donald Fru,Glen David,Joe Iwanaga,Marios Loukas,R,Shane Tubbs 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.2

The anatomy and clinical significance of the sinuvertebral nerve is a topic of considerable interest among anatomists and clinicians, particularly its role in discogenic pain. It has required decades of research to appreciate its role, but not until recently could these studies be compiled to establish a more complete description of its clinical significance. The sinuvertebral nerve is a recurrent nerve that originates from the ventral ramus, re-entering the spinal canal via the intervertebral foramina to innervate multiple meningeal and non-meningeal structures. Its complex anatomy and relationship to discogenic pain have warranted great interest among clinical anatomists owing to its sympathetic contribution to the lumbar spine. Knowledge of the nerve has been used to design a variety of diagnostic and treatment procedures for chronic discogenic pain. This paper reviews the anatomy and clinical aspects of the sinuvertebral nerve.

Should Lutetium-prostate specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy for metastatic prostate cancer be used earlier in men with lymph node only metastatic prostate cancer?

William John Yaxley,Rhiannon McBean,David Wong,David Grimes,Paul Vasey,Mark Frydenberg,John William Yaxley 대한비뇨의학회 2021 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.62 No.6

Purpose: Lutetium labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (Lu-PSMA RLT) has shown pleasing early results in management of high-volume metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but its role in the early treatment of men with only lymph node metastasis (LNM) is unknown. The aim was to assess the outcome of Lu-PSMA RLT earlier in the treatment of men with only LNM. Materials and Methods: Single institution retrospective review of men with only LNM on staging Ga-PSMA PET PSMA who proceeded with Lu-PSMA RLT. Results: There were 17 men with only LNM, including 13 with mCRPC and 3 who were both hormone and chemotherapy naïve. The median PSA was 3.7 (0.46–120 ng/mL). A PSA decline of ≥50% occurred in 10/17 (58.8%), decreasing to <0.2 ng/mL in 35.3% (6/17). The PSA continues to decline or remain stable in 10/17 (58.8%) with a median follow-up of 13 months, and 8/17 (47.1%) have not reached their pre-treatment levels. There were no significant side effects. There was a better PSA response in men without prior chemotherapy (p=0.05). The prostate cancer specific and overall survival is 82.4% (14/17). Conclusions: Our results identify improved PSA response to Lu-PSMA RLT in men with only LNM, especially in the chemotherapy naïve cohort, compared to previous series with more advanced mCRPC. These findings provide important proof of principle to aid with planning of future prospective randomized trials evaluating the role of Lu-PSMA RLT earlier in the management of node metastatic prostate cancer, including men naïve of ADT and chemotherapy.

Proposed Data-Driven Approach for Occupational Risk Management of Aircrew Fatigue

Seah Benjamin Zhi Qiang,Gan Wee Hoe,Wong Sheau Hwa,Lim Mei Ann,Goh Poh Hui,Singh Jarnail,Koh David Soo Quee 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2021 Safety and health at work Vol.12 No.4

Background: Fatigue is pervasive, under-reported, and potentially deadly where flight operations are concerned. The aviation industry appears to lack a standardized, practical, and easily replicable protocol for fatigue risk assessment which can be consistently applied across operators. Aim: Our paper sought to present a framework, supported by real-world data with subjective and objective parameters, to monitor aircrew fatigue and performance, and to determine the safe crew configuration for commercial airline operations. Methods: Our protocol identified risk factors for fatigue-induced performance degradation as triggers for fatigue risk and performance assessment. Using both subjective and objective measurements of sleep, fatigue, and performance in the form of instruments such as the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Samn-Perelli Crew Status Check, Psychomotor Vigilance Task, sleep logs, and a wearable actigraph for sleep log correlation and sleep duration and quality charting, a workflow flagging fatigue-prone flight operations for risk mitigation was developed and trialed. Results: In an operational study aimed at occupational assessment of fatigue and performance in airline pilots on a three-men crew versus a four-men crew for a long-haul flight, we affirmed the technical feasibility of our proposed framework and approach, the validity of the battery of assessment instruments, and the meaningful interpretation of fatigue and work performance indicators to enable the formulation of safe work recommendations. Conclusion: A standardized occupational assessment protocol like ours is useful to achieve consistency and objectivity in the occupational assessment of fatigue and work performance.

A comparison of 6 osteoporosis risk assessment tools among postmenopausal women in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Li Shean Toh,Pauline Siew Mei Lai,David Bin-Chia Wu,Brian G. Bell,Cuu Phuong Linh Dang,Bee Yean Low,Kok Thong Wong,Giuseppe Guglielmi,Claire Anderson 대한골다공증학회 2019 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.5 No.3

Objectives: To compare and assess the performance of 6 osteoporosis risk assessment tools for screening osteoporosis in Malaysian postmenopausal women. Methods: Six osteoporosis risk assessments tools (the Simple Calculated Osteoporosis Risk Estimation [SCORE], the Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Instrument, the Age Bulk One or Never Estrogen, the body weight, the Malaysian Osteoporosis Screening Tool, and the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians) were used to screen postmenopausal women who had not been previously diagnosed with osteoporosis/osteopenia. These women also underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan to confirm the absence or presence of osteoporosis. Results: A total of 164/224 participants were recruited (response rate, 73.2%), of which only 150/164 (91.5%) completed their DXA scan. Sixteen participants (10.7%) were found to have osteoporosis, whilst 65/150 (43.3%) were found to have osteopenia. Using precision-recall curves, the recall of the tools ranged from 0.50 to 1.00, whilst precision ranged from 0.04 to 0.14. The area under the curve (AUC) ranged from 0.027 to 0.161. The SCORE had the best balance between recall (1.00), precision (0.04e0.12), and AUC (0.072e0.161). Conclusions: We found that the SCORE had the best balance between recall, precision, and AUC among the 6 screening tools that were compared among Malaysian postmenopausal women.

Glucosinolate Composition and Anti-Cancer Potential of Daikon and Radish Sprouts

Tim J. O"Hare,Lung S. Wong,Lesleigh E. Force,David J. Williams,Chandra B. Gurung,Donald E. Irving 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Comparison of Serum Ketone Levels and Cardiometabolic Efficacy of Dapagliflozin versus Sitagliptin among Insulin-Treated Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Chi-Ho Lee,Mei-Zhen Wu,David Tak-Wai Lui,Darren Shing-Hei Chan,Carol Ho-Yi Fong,Sammy Wing-Ming Shiu,Ying Wong,Alan Chun-Hong Lee,Joanne King-Yan Lam,Yu-Cho Woo,Karen Siu-Ling Lam,Kelvin Kai-Hang Yiu 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.6

Background: Insulin-treated patients with long duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of ketoacidosis related to sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). The extent of circulating ketone elevation in these patients remains unknown. We conducted this study to compare the serum ketone response between dapagliflozin, an SGLT2i, and sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, among insulin-treated T2DM patients.Methods: This was a randomized, open-label, active comparator-controlled study involving 60 insulin-treated T2DM patients. Participants were randomized 1:1 for 24-week of dapagliflozin 10 mg daily or sitagliptin 100 mg daily. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were measured at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks after intervention. Comprehensive cardiometabolic assessments were performed with measurements of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), vibration-controlled transient elastography and echocardiography.Results: Among these 60 insulin-treated participants (mean age 58.8 years, diabetes duration 18.2 years, glycosylated hemoglobin 8.87%), as compared with sitagliptin, serum BHB levels increased significantly after 24 weeks of dapagliflozin (P=0.045), with a median of 27% increase from baseline. Change in serum BHB levels correlated significantly with change in free fatty acid levels. Despite similar glucose lowering, dapagliflozin led to significant improvements in body weight (P=0.006), waist circumference (P=0.028), HDL-C (P=0.041), CEC (P=0.045), controlled attenuation parameter (P=0.007), and liver stiffness (P=0.022). Average E/e’, an echocardiographic index of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, was also significantly lower at 24 weeks in participants treated with dapagliflozin (P=0.037).Conclusion: Among insulin-treated T2DM patients with long diabetes duration, compared to sitagliptin, dapagliflozin modestly increased ketone levels and was associated with cardiometabolic benefits.