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O'Sullivan, David,Kwak, Myung-Hoo,Kim, Yun-Sik,Jeong, Hee Seong 한국운동역학회 2020 한국운동역학회지 Vol.30 No.2
Objective: This study to identify the mechanism of head impact that occurs during youth soccer game with regard to head injuries in sports. Method: Ten male subjects (age: 10.0±2.0 yrs.) were participated during 10 soccer practices spread out over a time period of 10 weeks. During each soccer game, the participants agreed and wore the X-Patch (wireless accelerometer, gyroscopes). The X-Patch records the head impact mechanics, such as peak linear acceleration (PLA), peak rotational acceleration (PRA), peak rotational velocity (PRV), Head Injury Criterion (HIC), and the location of impact. Results: A total of 501 impacts to the head were measured over the 10 soccer games, PLA 17.8±10.4 g, PRA 3168±2442 rad/s<sup>2</sup>; PRV 16.1±10.6 rad/s; HIC 11.7±34.2. The severity of impact was classified into 3 ranges; low 10~39 g (482 impacts); medium 40~69 g (17 impacts); and high >69 g (2 impacts). There are no significant differences in PLA and HIC (p=0.08, p=0.15), however PRA and PRV show the differences (p<.05) between each of the participants. For the analysis comparing between the soccer games, there are no significant differences in PLA, PRA, PRV and HIC (p=0.11, p=0.13, p=0.14, p=0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that there were significant differences between athletes, especially in terms of rotational acceleration, whereas there were significant differences in linear and rotational based variable between each of the soccer games. Although the vast majority of impacts were below 39 g there were 2 potentially dangerous impacts above 69 g. It is important that future research continuous to measure head impact mechanics during soccer to help understand head injury mechanisms to ensure the safety of athletes.
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O'Sullivan, David M.,Fife, Gabriel P. Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group 2017 Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Vol.19 No.6
<B>OBJECTIVE</B><P>The purpose of this study was to monitor head impact magnitude and characteristics, such as impact location and frequency, at high school taekwondo sparring sessions.</P><B>METHODS</B><P>Eight male high school taekwondo athletes participated in this study. The head impact characteristics were recorded by X-Patch, a wireless accelerometer and gyroscope, during 6 taekwondo sparring sessions. The outcome measures were the peak linear acceleration (<I>g</I> = 9.81 msec<SUP>2</SUP>), peak rotational acceleration, rotational velocity, and Head Injury Criterion.</P><B>RESULTS</B><P>A total of 689 impacts occurred over 6 sessions involving the 8 athletes. There was an average of 24 impacts per 100 minutes, and there were significant differences in the frequency of impacts among both the sessions and individual athletes. In order of frequency, the most commonly hit locations were the side (38.2%), back (35.7%), and front (23.8%) of the head.</P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B><P>The data indicate that there is a relatively high number of head impacts experienced by taekwondo athletes during sparring practice. According to the rotational acceleration predicting impact severity published in previous research, 17.1% of the impacts were deemed to be a moderate and 15.5% were deemed to be severe.</P>
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김윤식(Yunsik Kim),David Michael O’Sullivan(David Michael O’Sullivan ) 대한운동학회 2023 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.25 No.1
BACKGROUND Maintaining muscle mass and an efficient cardiovascular system is vital for healthy aging. OBJECTIVES This study investigates if a low intensity senior strength exercise program for the older females can have an effect cardiovascular function and improve senior functional fitness. METHODS There were 22 older females, randomly divided into a strength exercise (age: 72.18 ± 4.97 yrs; height: 1.54 ± 0.06 m; weight: 58.02 ± 7.29 kg; BMI:24.43 ± 2.69 kg/m2) and control group (age: 77.63 ± 4.96 yrs; height: 1.51 ± 0.05 m; weight: 53.66 ± 6.62 kg; BMI:23.54 ± 2.22 kg/m2). The strength exercise group participated three times per week for 20 weeks, while the control group did not do any additional treatment or exercise. Participants were tested pre and post strength exercise, and the data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), with a significance level of p <0.05. RESULTS The results show significant differences (p<0.001) in homocysteine levels, with an interaction effect between time and group. There were no differences in changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate between groups (p=0.050). There was an interaction effect (p<0.001) for the six components of the senior fitness test and between group and time in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse pressure. CONCLUSION In conclusion the results suggest that low intensity strength exercise program can improved cardiovascular fitness related variables, and homocysteine, as well as functional fitness, blood pressure, heart rate and pulse pressure.
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Chinese Football – From a State-Led Past to a Digital Future
David Cockayne,Simon Chadwick,Jonathan Sullivan 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2022 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.7 No.3
Following the 2014 announcement of Xi Jingping’s vision for China to create a domestic sport economy worth $800+ million by 2025, discussion has arisen around how this might be achieved, who the key players in this industry are, and what the broader geo-politic effects might be for China, and the rest of the World. Of particular focus has been the investment and efforts levied specifically toward football. This special issue brings together a selection of the more recent empirical and conceptual studies concerned with China and football. This initial paper is presented as a contextual precursor to the five papers representing our special issue. Collectively, these papers draw on a variety of methodologies, and consider debates around China and football from micro, meso and more macro perspectives. We believe the research presented in this issue provides a rich and diverse source of learning for researchers and practitioners interested in the nature and effect of China’s footballing vision.
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Repeatability and Reliability Evaluation of a Wireless Head-band Sensor
Stephen Tiernan,David O'Sullivan,Gary Byrne 대한운동학회 2018 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.20 No.4
[OBJECTIVES] The objective of this study to examine the reliability and repeatability of the headband sensor in comparison with the gold standard 3 linear and 3 angular rate sensors placed at the center of gravity of the Hybrid III dummy head during drop tests. [METHODS] A SIM-G headband sensor was attached to a Hybrid III dummy head and neck which was equipped with a triaxial accelerometer and 3 angular rate sensors. Linear acceleration and angular rate was sampled at 10,000 Hz while the SIM-G headband was sampled at 1000 Hz and 800 Hz respectively. A drop test was developed to test between 20 to 140 g and consisted of a total of 400 impacts in four locations, left occipital, right occipital, frontal and rear impacts with 100 impacts per location. Multiple tests were performed at the same height to verify the reliability of the devices. SIM-G data and the reference sensors were compared for validity. [RESULTS] The reliability measured by Cronbach's alpha showed very high repeatability for the SIM-G (α = 0.97-0.99). However, the validity measurement, Pearson's Correlation coefficient (r), showed a weak to very strong relationship (r=0.2-0.9). [CONCLUSIONS] While using the SIM-G sensor to help monitor head impact, the weak to strong validity of the SIM-G sensor must be carefully considered by the clinicians or researchers as a serious limitation.
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Effect of Wearing Ankle Weights on Underwater Treadmill Walking
박규태,김석범,David O’Sullivan 한국운동역학회 2019 한국운동역학회지 Vol.29 No.2
Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wearing an ankle weight belt while performing gait in water by focusing on the effect of using ankle weights have on the gait kinematics and the muscle activities for developing optimum training strategies. Method: A total of 10 healthy male university students were recruited for the study. Each participant was instructed to perform 3 gait conditions; normal walking over ground, walking in water chest height, and walking in water chest height while using ankle weights. All walking conditions were set at control speed of 4 km/h ± 0.05 km/h. The depth of the swimming pool was at 1.3 m, approximately chest height. The motion capture data was recorded using 6 digital cameras and the EMG was recorded using waterproof Mini Wave. From the motion capture data, the following variables were calculated for analysis; double and single support phase (s), swing phase (s), step length (%height), step rate (m/s), ankle, knee, and hip joint angles (°). From the electromyography the %RVC of the lower limb muscles medial gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, erector spinae, semitendinosus, tibialis anterior, vastus lateralis oblique was calculated. Results: The results show significant differences between the gait time, and step length between the right and left leg. Additionally, the joint angular velocities and gait velocity were significantly affected by the water resistance. As expected, the use of the ankle weights increased all of the lower leg maximum muscle activities except for the lower back muscle. Conclusion: In conclusion, the ankle weights can be shown to stimulate more muscle activity during walking in chest height water and therefore, may be useful for rehabilitation purposes.
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Farshid, Gelareh,Sullivan, Thomas,Jones, Simeon,Roder, David Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24
Background: We wished to analyse patterns of use of needle biopsy procedures by BreastScreen Australia (BSA) accredited programs to identify areas for improvement. Design: BSA services provided anonymous data regarding percutaneous needle biopsy of screen detected lesions assessed between 2005-2009. Results: 12 services, from 5 of 7 Australian states and territories provided data for 18212 lesions biopsied. Preoperative diagnosis rates were 96.84% for lesion other than microcalcification (LOTM) and 93.21% for microcalcifications. At surgery 97.9% impalpable lesions were removed at the first procedure. Of 11548 Microcalcification (LOTM) biopsied, 46.9% were malignant. The final diagnosis was reached by conventional core biopsy (CCB) in 72.46%, FNAB in 21.33%, VACB in 1.69% and open biopsy in 4.52% of lesions. FNA is being limited to LOTM with benign imaging After FNAB, core biopsy was required for 38% of LOTM. In LOTM the mean false positive rate (FPR) was 0.36% for FNAB, 0.06% for NCB and 0% for VACB. Diagnostic accuracy was 72.75% for FNAB and 92.1% for core biopsies combined. Of 6441 microcalcifications biopsied 2305 (35.8%) were malignant. Microcalcifications are being assessed primarily by NCB but 6.57% underwent FNAB, 45.6% of which required NCB. False positive diagnoses were rare. FNR was 5% for NCB and 1.53% for VACB. Diagnostic accuracy was 73.52% for FNAB, 86.29% for NCB and 88.63% for VACB. Only 8 of 12 services had access to VACB facilities. Conclusions: BSA services are selecting lesions effectively for biopsy and are achieving high preoperative diagnosis rates. Gaps in the present accreditation standards require further consideration.
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