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The small GTPase CDC42 regulates actin dynamics during porcine oocyte maturation
ZHANG, Yu,WANG, Qiao-Chu,LIU, Jun,XIONG, Bo,CUI, Xiang-Shun,KIM, Nam-Hyung,SUN, Shao-Chen 家畜繁殖硏究所 2017 Journal of Reproduction and Development Vol. No.
<P> The mammalian oocyte undergoes an asymmetric division during meiotic maturation, producing a small polar body and a haploid gamete. This process involves the dynamics of actin filaments, and the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) protein superfamily is a major regulator of actin assembly. In the present study, the small GTPase CDC42 was shown to participate in the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes. Immunofluorescent staining showed that CDC42 was mainly localized at the periphery of the oocytes, and accumulated with microtubules. Deactivation of CDC42 protein activity with the effective inhibitor ML141 caused a decrease in actin distribution in the cortex, which resulted in a failure of polar body extrusion. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed that besides the Cdc42-N-WASP pathway previously reported in mouse oocytes, the expression of ROCK and p-cofilin, two molecules involved in actin dynamics, was also decreased after CDC42 inhibition during porcine oocyte maturation. Thus, our study demonstrates that CDC42 is an indispensable protein during porcine oocyte meiosis, and CDC42 may interact with N-WASP, ROCK, and cofilin in the assembly of actin filaments during porcine oocyte maturation.</P>
Interface control of bulk ferroelectric polarization.
Yu, P,Luo, W,Yi, D,Zhang, J X,Rossell, M D,Yang, C-H,You, L,Singh-Bhalla, G,Yang, S Y,He, Q,Ramasse, Q M,Erni, R,Martin, L W,Chu, Y H,Pantelides, S T,Pennycook, S J,Ramesh, R National Academy of Sciences 2012 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.109 No.25
<P>The control of material interfaces at the atomic level has led to novel interfacial properties and functionalities. In particular, the study of polar discontinuities at interfaces between complex oxides lies at the frontier of modern condensed matter research. Here we employ a combination of experimental measurements and theoretical calculations to demonstrate the control of a bulk property, namely ferroelectric polarization, of a heteroepitaxial bilayer by precise atomic-scale interface engineering. More specifically, the control is achieved by exploiting the interfacial valence mismatch to influence the electrostatic potential step across the interface, which manifests itself as the biased-voltage in ferroelectric hysteresis loops and determines the ferroelectric state. A broad study of diverse systems comprising different ferroelectrics and conducting perovskite underlayers extends the generality of this phenomenon.</P>
African Maternal Origin and Genetic Diversity of Chinese Domestic Donkeys
Lei, Chu-Zhao,Ge, Qing-Lan,Zhang, Hu-Cai,Liu, Ruo-Yu,Zhang, Wei,Jiang, Yong-Qing,Dang, Rui-Hua,Zheng, Hui-Ling,Hou, Wen-Tong,Chen, Hong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.5
The origin of domestic donkeys in China has been controversial. To clarify the origin of Chinese domestic donkeys, we investigated the partial mitochondrial D-loop sequences of 126 samples from 12 native breeds. The results revealed two mitochondrial origins, lineage Somali and lineage Nubian of African wild ass detected in Chinese domestic donkeys. Lineage Somali was predominant in Chinese domestic donkey breeds. The pattern of genetic variation in ass mtDNA D-loop sequences indicated that the two lineages Somali and Nubian from China had undergone population expansion events. In a combined analysis of lineages Somali and Nubian between previously published sequences from other countries/regions and sequences of Chinese domestic donkeys, the results indicated that the two lineages of Chinese domestic donkeys were from Africa and supported the African maternal origins of Chinese domestic donkeys. There was no obvious geographical structure in Chinese domestic donkey breeds, but the population showed abundant mtDNA diversity. The spread routes of Chinese domestic donkeys were also discussed.
Lei, Chu-Zhao,Zhang, Wei,Chen, Hong,Lu, Fan,Ge, Qing-Lan,Liu, Ruo-Yu,Dang, Rui-Hua,Yao, Yun-Yi,Yao, Li-Bo,Lu, Zi-Fan,Zhao, Zhong-liang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.4
Little is known about the origin and genetic diversity of swamp buffaloes in China. To obtain more knowledge on genetics of the water buffalo in China, the complete mitochondrial D-loop sequences of 30 samples from 6 native types were investigated. The results revealed 12 mitochondrial haplotypes with 50 polymorphic sites. Among these polymorphic sites, there were 49 transitions and 1 transversion. The average nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity estimated from mtDNA D-loop region in 6 Chinese water buffalo types were 0.00684 and 0.798, respectively, showing rather abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity. The Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of mtDNA of Chinese water buffaloes was constructed according to the 12 haplotypes. The NJ tree indicated two lineages being designated lineage A and lineage B, in which lineage A was predominant, and lineage B was at low frequency. The new lineage B was first discovered and defined in 6 Chinese water buffalo types. These results showed that two different maternal lineages were involved in the origin of domestic swamp buffaloes in China and the lineage B was probably an introgression from Southeast Asian buffaloes.
Hongyan Chu,Ruilong Ding,Caixia Zhang,Qiang Yu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.12
Ink transfer is achieved by the squeezing and rotation of two rollers, one of which is a roller coated with a viscoelastic rubber layer. In this study, the force caused by ink hydrodynamic pressure on the rubber roller during the rotation is considered, the viscoelasticity of ink and rubber is equivalently substituted by spring-damping unit, and a rolling squeezing theoretical model of two rollers is established to study the node deformation of the rubber roller. The validity of the theoretical model is verified by experiments. Results show that the deformation of the rubber roller is greatly affected by the roller rotational speed, rubber layer thickness, and nip width. The rotational speed and nip width have a significant influence on the stiffness– damping of the ink layer and the ink force, and the rubber layer thickness has a remarkable effect on the squeezing deformation between the rollers.
Preparation and characterization of Mn doped copper nitride films with high photocurrent response
Aiai Yu,Ruiyuan Hu,Wei Liu,Rui Zhang,Jian Zhang,Yong Pu,Liang Chu,Jianping Yang,Xingao Li 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.11
The Mn-doped copper nitride (Cu3N) films with Mn concentration of 2.0 at. % have high crystallinity and uniform surface morphology. We found that the as-synthesized Mn-doped Cu3N films show suitable optical absorption in the visible region and the band gap is ∼1.48 eV. A simple photodetector based on Mn doped Cu3N films was firstly fabricated via magnetron sputtering method. The fabricated device with doping of Mn demonstrated high photocurrent response and fast response shorter than 0.1 s both for rise and decay time superior to the pure Cu3N. Furthermore, the energy levels of Mn-doped Cu3N matched well with ITO and Ag electrode. The excellent photoelectric properties reflect a good balance between sensitivities and response rate. Our investigation reveals the excellent potential of Mn-doped Cu3N films for application of photodetectors.
Wang, Yu-Jie,Zhang, Gui-Ying,Xiao, Zhi-Qiang,Wang, Hong-Mei,Chen, Zhu-Chu Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.2
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin (IN) can exert anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) activity through cyclooxygenase independent mechanism, but the exactly biological mechanism is not completely known. Here we use proteomic tools to investigate the molecular mechanism of this action. First, nude mice bearing tumors derived from subcutaneous injection with human CRC cell line HCT116 were randomly allocated to groups treated with or without indomethacin. Later, tumor lumps were incised and then total proteins extracted. After separated with two-dimensional electrophoresis, thirty-one differently expressed spots were found between IN-treated and non-IN-treated groups, of which 25 spots decreased and 6 spots increased in abundance in IN-treated group. Through matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry and then NCBInr and SWISS-PROT databases searching, 12 protein spots were finally identified including galectin-1, annexin A1, annexin IV, trancription factor BTF3A, calreticulin. Most of the identified proteins are correlated with tumor's biological prosperities of proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and immunity, or take part in cell's signal transduction. From above we thought that indomethacin can exert its effect on colorectal cancer through regulating several proteins' expression directly or indirectly. Further study of these proteins may be helpful in founding new targets of drugs for cancer chemotherapy.
A Novel Human PTH Analog [Cys25]hPTH(1—34) Restores Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Mice
Bae, Chu Hyun,Kang, Myeongmo,Park, Clara Yongjoo,Park, Bo Mi,Zhang, Dongdong,Nam, Hee Jin,Yang, Yu-Mi,Shin, Dong Min,Choi, Je-Yong,Lim, Sung-Kil ENDOCRINE SOCIETY 2016 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.101 No.10
<P>Conclusion: The high bone mass phenotype observed in this patient with hypoparathyrodism caused by a Cys mutation at the 25th residue of hPTH(1-84) may have arisen from both direct and indirect effects exerted by the mutant PTH itself on bone.</P>