http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Cá,mara, Yolanda,Asin-Cayuela, Jorge,Park, Chan ,Bae,Metodiev, Metodi ,D.,Shi, Yonghong,Ruzzenente, Benedetta,Kukat, Christian,Habermann, Bianca,Wibom, Rolf,Hultenby, Kjell,Franz, Thomas Elsevier 2011 Cell metabolism Vol.13 No.5
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Precise control of mitochondrial DNA gene expression is critical for regulation of oxidative phosphorylation capacity in mammals. The MTERF protein family plays a key role in this process, and its members have been implicated in regulation of transcription initiation and site-specific transcription termination. We now demonstrate that a member of this family, MTERF4, directly controls mitochondrial ribosomal biogenesis and translation. MTERF4 forms a stoichiometric complex with the ribosomal RNA methyltransferase NSUN4 and is necessary for recruitment of this factor to the large ribosomal subunit. Loss of MTERF4 leads to defective ribosomal assembly and a drastic reduction in translation. Our results thus show that MTERF4 is an important regulator of translation in mammalian mitochondria.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Loss of MTERF4 leads to abolished mitochondrial translation ► MTERF4 forms a complex with the rRNA methyltransferase NSUN4 ► MTERF4 targets NSUN4 to the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit</P>
Deletion of the Lmna Gene Induces Growth Delay and Serum Biochemical Changes in C57BL/6 Mice
Ruan, J.,Liu, X.G.,Zheng, H.L.,Li, J.B.,Xiong, X.D.,Zhang, C.L.,Luo, C.Y.,Zhou, Z.J.,Shi, Q.,Weng, Y.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.1
The A-type lamin deficient mouse line ($Lmna^{-/-}$) has become one of the most frequently used models for providing insights into many different aspects of A-type lamin function. To elucidate the function of Lmna in the growth and metabolism of mice, tissue growth and blood biochemistry were monitored in Lmna-deficient mice, heterozygous ($Lmna^{+/-}$) and wide-type ($Lmna^{+/+}$) backcrossed to C57BL/6 background. At 4 weeks after birth, the weight of various organs of the $Lmna^{-/-}$, $Lmna^{+/-}$ and $Lmna^{+/+}$ mice was measured. A panel of biochemical analyses consisting of 15 serological tests was examined. The results showed that Lmna deficient mice had significantly decreased body weight and increased the ratio of organ to body weight in most of tissues. Compared with $Lmna^{+/+}$ and $Lmna^{+/-}$ mice, $Lmna^{-/-}$ mice exhibited lower levels of ALP (alkaline phosphatase), Chol (cholesterol), CR (creatinine), GLU (glucose), HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and higher levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase) (p<0.05). $Lmna^{-/-}$ mice displayed higher AST (aspartate aminotransferase) values and lower LDL (lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol), CK-MB (creatine kinase-MB) levels than $Lmna^{+/+}$ mice (p<0.05). There were no significant differences among the three groups of mice with respect to BUN (blood urea nitrogen), CK (creatine kinase), Cyc C (cystatin C), TP (total protein), TG (triacylglycerols) and UA (uric acid) levels (p>0.05). These changes of serological parameters may provide an experimental basis for the elucidation of Lmna gene functions.
Wang, L.,Moon, B.K.,Choi, B.C.,Kim, J.H.,Shi, J.,Jeong, J.H. Ceramurgica ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.42 No.11
Bi<SUP>3+</SUP>, Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> doped CaY<SUB>4</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>O phosphors were synthesized through high temperature solid state reaction. Their photoluminescent properties were investigated and site occupation preference of Bi<SUP>3+</SUP> in cationic sites was analyzed. The structure of CaY<SUB>4</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>O is characterized by three non-equivalent cationic sites with different coordination and cation-oxygen distances. By means of dielectric theory of the chemical bond for complex crystals, several kinds of chemical bond parameters like fractional covalence of CaY<SUB>4</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>O were calculated and integrated to yield environmental factor h<SUB>e</SUB>. According to quantitative equations between the transition energy of Bi<SUP>3+</SUP> and environmental factor h<SUB>e</SUB>, the excitation bands at 308 and 226nm were assigned to <SUP>1</SUP>S<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>3</SUP>P<SUB>1</SUB> transition of Bi<SUP>3+</SUP> in Y(6h) and Y(4f) site, respectively. Another excitation band centered at 210nm should be the overlap of Bi<SUP>3+</SUP>A-band in Ca site and C-band in Y(6h) site. Optical band gap of pure CYSO was calculated using Kubelka-Munk method from diffuse reflectance spectra. Red emission can be realized in CaY<SUB>4</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>O:Bi<SUP>3+</SUP>, Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> under UV light excitation because of efficient energy transfer from Bi<SUP>3+</SUP> to Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> and decay behaviors of Bi<SUP>3+</SUP> and Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> emission were investigated. Without optimization, the internal quantum efficiency of CYSO:2%Bi<SUP>3+</SUP>, 7%Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> at 310 and 393nm excitations were 31.563%, 74.252%, respectively.
Features and Properties of $YBa_2$$Cu_3$$O_{7-x}$ Films Grown on SrTi$O_3$ by High Frequency PLD
Shi, D.Q.,Ko, R.K.,Song, K.J.,Chung, J.K.,Choi, S.J.,Park, Y.M.,Shin, K.C.,Yoo, S.I.,Park, C. The Korean Superconductivity Society 2003 Progress in superconductivity Vol.5 No.1
YBCO films were deposited with various thicknesses from 100nm to 1.6$\mu\textrm{m}$ on single crystal $SrTiO_3$ substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The effects of different deposition conditions, especially different deposition rates by means of changing the pulsed laser frequency up to 200Hz, on the J$_{c}$ value were studied. For YBCO film with the thickness of 200nm, the $J_{c}$ value of $2.1MA/\textrm{cm}^2$ has been achieved under the high deposition rate of 3.2nm/s (190nm/min). The $J_{c}$ can be maintained greater than $1M/\textrm{cm}^2$ with the thickness less than 1$\mu\textrm{m}$. The X-ray analysis was used to examine the texture, crystallization and surface quality. The SEM was employed to analyze the surface of YBCO, and it was shown the surface of YBCO film became rougher with increasing the thickness. There were many large singular outgrowths and networks of outgrowths on the surface of YBCO films which lowered the density of thick YBCO film. The outgrowth network was probably the a-axis YBCO corresponding to XRD $\theta$-2$\theta$scan and $\chi$-scan which were used to characterize a-axis orientation of YBCO film. The reason for J$_{c}$ declining with increasing the thickness was studied and discussed.sed.
Shi, C. B.,Seo, M. D.,Cho, J. W.,Kim, S. H. Springer Verlag 2014 Metallurgical and materials transactions. B, Proce Vol.45 No.3
Crystallization behaviors of the newly developed lime-alumina-based mold fluxes for high-aluminum transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels casting were experimentally studied, and compared with those of lime-silica-based mold fluxes. The effects of mold flux crystallization characteristics on heat transfer and lubrication performance in casting high-Al TRIP steels were also evaluated. The results show that the crystallization temperatures of lime-alumina-based mold fluxes are much lower than those of lime-silica-based mold fluxes. Increasing B2O3 addition suppresses the crystallization of lime-alumina-based mold fluxes, while Na2O exhibits an opposite effect. In continuous cooling of lime-alumina-based mold fluxes with high B2O3 contents and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 3.3, faceted cuspidine precipitates first, followed by needle-like CaO center dot B2O3 or 9CaO center dot 3B(2)O(3)center dot CaF2. In lime-alumina-based mold flux with low B2O3 content (5.4 mass pct) and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 1.2, the formation of fine CaF2 takes place first, followed by blocky interconnected CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3) as the dominant crystalline phase, and rod-like 2CaO center dot B2O3 precipitates at lower temperature during continuous cooling of the mold flux. In B2O3-free mold flux, blocky interconnected 3CaO center dot Al2O3 precipitates after CaF2 and 3CaO center dot 2SiO(2) formation, and takes up almost the whole crystalline fraction. The casting trials show that the mold heat transfer rate significantly decreases near the meniscus during the continuous casting using lime-alumina-mold fluxes with higher crystallinity, which brings a great reduction of surface depressions on cast slabs. However, excessive crystallinity of mold flux causes poor lubrication between mold and solidifying steel shell, which induces various defects such as drag marks on cast slab. Among the studied mold fluxes, lime-alumina-based mold fluxes with higher B2O3 contents and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 3.3 show comparatively improved performance.
YBCO coated conductor using biaxially textured clad composite Ni–Mn/Ni–Cr substrate
Shi, D Q,Dou, S X,Ko, R K,Chung, J K,Kim, H S,Ha, H S,Song, K J,Park, C IOP Publishing Ltd 2005 Superconductor science & technology Vol.18 No.10
<P>A new biaxially textured composite tape of Ni–4.5%?Mn/Ni–1.5%?Cr was used as a substrate for a YBCO coated conductor through the RABiTS approach. Multi-layer CeO<SUB>2</SUB>/YSZ/Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> buffer layers and YBCO film were deposited on the substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The deposition conditions of the buffer layers and the YBCO were studied and compared. Good biaxial textures have been obtained for buffer layers on composite Ni–4.5%?Mn/Ni–1.5%?Cr substrates. Scanning electron microscopy on sample cross-sections was used to examine the interface and diffusion of oxygen. The uniform formation of an Ni–Mn–O layer between NiO and the Ni–4.5%?Mn layer was observed, and the Ni–Mn–O layer restricted the further growth of NiO layer, which was thin and not continuous, within the coated conductor during YBCO deposition at higher temperature and higher oxygen pressure. The <I>J</I><SUB>c</SUB> of YBCO films on these metal substrates was 1.5 ? 10<SUP>6</SUP>?A?cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 77?K, 0?T.</P>
Prediction of Digestible and Metabolizable Energy Content of Rice Bran Fed to Growing Pigs
C.X. Shi,Z.Y. Liu,M. Shi,P. Li,Z.K. Zeng,L. Liu,C.F. Huang,Z.P. Zhu,D.F. Li 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.5
Two experiments were conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of 19 rice bran samples and to develop prediction equations for DE and ME based on their chemical composition. The 19 rice bran samples came from different rice varieties, processing methods and regions. The basal diet was formulated using corn and soybean meal (74.43% corn and 22.91% soybean meal and 2.66% vitamins and minerals). The 19 experimental diets based on a mixture of corn, soybean meal and 29.2% of each source of rice bran, respectively. In Exp. 1, 108 growing barrows (32.1±4.2 kg) were allotted to 1 of 18 treatments according to a completely randomized design with 6 pigs per treatment. The treatment 1 was the control group which was fed with basal diet. The treatments 2 to 18 were fed with experimental diets. In Exp. 2, two additional rice bran samples were measured to verify the prediction equations developed in Exp. 1. A control diet and two rice bran diets were fed to 18 growing barrows (34.6±3.5 kg). The control and experimental diets formulations were the same as diets in Exp. 1. The results showed that the DE ranged from 14.48 to 16.85 (mean 15.84) MJ/kg of dry matter while the ME ranged from 12.49 to 15.84 (mean 14.31) MJ/kg of dry matter. The predicted values of DE and ME of the two additional samples in Exp. 2 were very close to the measured values.