기획논문 : 19세기 하동 지역 성재(性齋) 문인(門人)의 학문 성향 -간취당(澗翠堂) 정우윤(鄭瑀贇)과 니곡(尼谷) 하응로(河應魯)를 중심으로-

전병철 ( Byeol Cheol Jeon ) 경상대학교 남명학연구소 2011 남명학연구 Vol.32 No.-

19세기 河東 지역 性齋門人 澗翠堂 鄭瑀贇과 谷河 河應魯는 집안 대대로 내려온 家學을 통해 南冥學派의 학문을 이어받고 謙齋 河弘度 의 강학처인 慕寒齋를 중심으로 인근 학자들과 강학하였는데, 이것은 南冥學에 연원을 두고 있는 측면이다. 그리고 명망과 학식이 뛰어난 당대의 스승을 찾아 性齋 許傳에게 나아가 배웅을 청한 것은 남명학의 연원을 지켜나가는 가운데 학문적 외연을 확장해 나간 것이다. 특히 성재 허전의 가계적 배경과 학문적 연원이 남명학파와 긴밀한 연관이 있는 점으로 본다면, 이들이 성재를 찾아간 까닭은 성재의 명망과 학식 외에도 그럴 수 밖에 없는 필연적 개연성이 있다고 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 간취당 정우빈과 니곡 하응로에게 나타나는 남명학의 연원과 사승의 학맥이라는 학문 성향을 생각할 때, 이들에 대한 학파적 분류를 단순히 사승으로만 제한할 수 없다고 판단된다. 여러 갈래로 뻗어나간 나무의 가지를 가리키면서 다른 나무라고 말할 수 없듯이, 같은 학문적 연원에 뿌리를 두고서 각기 다른 사승의 학맥을 계승한 19세기 강우지역 학자들의 학문적 특징은 남명학파의 역사적 배경과 깊은 연관을 가진 이채로운 현상이라고 말할 수 있다. Ganchuidang Jeong Wu-yun and Nigok Ha Eung-ro, both Seongjae literary men in the Hadong area during the 19th century, inherited the learning of the Nammyeong Hakpa (school) that was handed down within the family (lineal learning) and pursued studies with nearby scholars centering on Mohanjae, which was the place pursuing studies of Gyeomjae Ha Hong-do. This aspect originated from Nammyeonghak. Also, the fact that they visited Seongjae Heo Jeon and asked for teaching while seeking the greatest teacher with an excellent reputation and learning of the times was an academic extension while keeping the origin of Nammyeonghak. In particular, given that the lineal background of Seongjae Heo Jeon is closely related to Nammyeong Hakpa, the reason that they visited Seongjae might have been inevitable and unavoidable aside from the reputation and learning of Seongjae. Therefore, considering the origin of Namrnyeonghak and the academic propensity that is the academic legacy of their private teacher (**사승) shown by Ganchuidang Jeong Wu-bin and Nigok Ha Eung-ro, it is concluded that their classification in terms of school cannot be limited simply by their private tacher (**사승). As we are unable to say that one tree can be a different tree while looking at its branches spreading to several offshoots. the academic characteristics of scholars in the Gangwu area during the 19th century, who inherited the academic legacy of different teachers (**사승) rooted on the same academic origin, can be an unusual phenomenon deeply associated with the historical background of Nammyeong Hakpa.

Transcriptomic analysis of neutrophil apoptosis induced by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma unveils a potential role in neutropenia

Jeon Byeol-Eun,Lee Ji-Eun,Park Jungwook,Jung Hyejung,Park Eun Gyung,Lee Du Hyeong,Seo Young-Su,Kim Heui-Soo,Shin Ho-Jin,Kim Sang-Woo 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.8

Background Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive lymphoma that arises from malignant transformation of B lymphocytes. Outcome of patients with DLBCL has been significantly improved by rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) therapy, which is regarded “gold standard” of DLBCL therapy. It is unfortunate that febrile neutropenia, a decrease of the neutrophil count in the blood accompanying fever, is one of the most common complications that DLBCL patients receiving R-CHOP regimen experience. Given the critical role of neutrophils against bacterial and fungal infections, neutropenia could be deadly. While the association between R-CHOP therapy and neutropenia has been well-established, the negative effect of DLBCL cells on the survival of neutrophils has not been clearly understood. Our previous study have shown that conditioned medium (CM) derived from Ly1 DLBCL cells induces apoptosis in murine neutrophils ex vivo. Additionally, Ly1 CM and doxorubicin synergize to further enhance apoptotic rate in neutrophils, possibly contributing to neutropenia in DLBCL patients. Objective We investigated the mechanism and genes that regulate neutrophil apoptosis induced by secretome of DLBCL cells, which would give insight into the potential role of DLBCL in neutropenia. Method Murine neutrophils were isolated from bone marrow in C57BL6/J mice using flow cytometry. QuantSeq 3' mRNA-sequencing was conducted on neutrophils following exposure to CM derived from Ly1 DLBCL cells or murine bone marrow cells (control). Quantseq 3′mRNA sequencing data were aligned to identify differentially expressed mRNAs. Next, the expression of genes related to neutrophil apoptosis and proliferation were analyzed and Gene classification and ontology were analyzed. Result We identified 1196 (198 upregulated and 998 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Ly1 DLBCL co-culture group compared to the control group. The functional enrichment analyses of DEGs in co-culture group revealed significant enriched in apoptosis process, and immune system process in gene ontology and the highly enriched pathway of various bacterial infection, leukocyte transendothelial migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle in KEGG pathway. Importantly, Bcl7b, Bnip3, Bmx, Mcl1, and Pim1 were identified as critical regulators of neutrophil apoptosis, which may be potential drug targets for the treatment of neutropenia. We are currently testing the efficacy of the activators/inhibitors of the proteins encoded by these genes to investigate whether they would block DLBCL-induced neutrophil apoptosis. Conclusion In the present study, bioinformatic analyses of gene expression profiling data revealed the crucial genes involved in neutrophil apoptosis and gave insight into the underlying mechanism. Given our data, it may be likely that novel opportunities for the treatment of neutropenia, and eventually improvement of prognosis of DLBCL patients, might emerge.

송정(松亭) 하수일(河受一)의 학문(學問)과 문학(文學)

전병철 ( Byeol Cheol Jeon ) 동방한문학회 2011 東方漢文學 Vol.0 No.46

松亭 河受一(1553~1612)은 南冥 曺植(1501~1572)의 제자인 覺齋 河沆(1538~1590)으로부터 南冥學의 핵심을 전수받아 謙齋 河弘度(1593~1666)에게 이어준 인물이다. 각재는 물론 겸재가 남명학파에서 차지하는 위상을 생각해 본다면, 송정은 남명학파에서 중요한 비중을 차지하는 인물이라고 평가할 수 있다. 송정은 사물을 관찰하여 자신에게 돌이켜 반성하는 ``觀物反己``의 수양 방법을 견지하였으며, 이것은 그가 문학작품을 창작하는 데에 중요한 動因으로 작용하였다. 그렇기에 송정에게 있어서는 문학작품의 창작이 관물반기의 수양을 심화시키는 연장선상에 있다고 이해된다. 송정의 학문과 문학은 서로 상보적인 관계에 있으며, 수양과 실천을 강조한 남명학파의 학문적 특성이 문학에까지 확장된 형태라고 파악할 수 있다. 다만 남명은 시를 짓는 것이 수양을 하는 데에 방해가 된다고 경계한 반면에, 송정은 수양을 위한 하나의 방법으로 문학을 적극 활용함으로써 그 효용적 가치를 인정한 점이 다르다고 말할 수 있다. Songjeong Ha Soo-il is a person who inherited the essence of the Nammyeong studies from Gakjae Ha Hang, who was a pupil of Nammyeong Jo Sik, and handed it down to Gyeomjae Ha Hong-do. Given the status not only of Gakjae but also of Gyeomjae in the Nammyeong school, Songjeong may be evaluated as being a figure who is of great importance in the Nammyeong school. Songjeong held on to the cultivation method of ``Gwanmulbangi``, which enables one to look back on and reflect on himself through the observation of an object, and which served as an important driving force for him in the creation of literary works. Therefore, to Songjeong, the creation of literary works is understood to be in the continuum of deepening the cultivation of Gwanmulbangi. Songjeong`s studies and literature are complementary, and they may be identified as being in the form in which the academic characteristics of the Nammyeong school, which had emphasized cultivation and practice were extended even to literature. However, Nammyeong was different from Songjeong in that Nammyeong guarded against the composition of a poem, believing that it would impair cultivation, whereas Songjeong actively utilized literature as one of the means of cultivation, thereby approving its value in usefulness.

비정규직·무기계약직에 대한 차별의 합리성에 관한 판단법리

전별(Jeon Byeol) 한국비교노동법학회 2021 노동법논총 Vol.52 No.-

기간제 및 단시간근로자 보호 등에 관한 법률 및 파견근로자 보호 등에 관한 법률은 차별적 처우 금지에 관한 명시적인 규정을 두어 비정규직 근로자들에 대한 차별을 금지하고자 하였다. 그럼에도 비정규직에 대한 차별적 처우에 관한 문제는 계속되어왔다. 또한 산업과 기술이 발달하면서 기간제 근로자 단시간 근로자 파견근로자는 물론 특수고용형태근로자 등 다양한 형태의 비정규직 근로가 증가함으로써 차별적 처우에 대한 사회적 문제는 더욱 심각한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 지속적인 논의가 계속되어왔고, 비정규직 관련 법제가제·개정되었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 2004년부터 20019년까지 비정규직의 시간당 실질 임금은 정규직 대비 69.5%에서 65.6%로 감소하였다. 즉, 동 기간 동안 비정규직과 정규직의 임금 격차가 3.7% 확대된 것이다. 더욱이 2020년에는 코로나 19 확산이라는 예상치 못한 난관으로 인해 비정규직의 규모와 비중이 감소하였으며, 고용증가율은 정규직 -0.4%, 비정규직 -0.7%로 비정규직의 고용 감소가 더욱 빠르게 진행되었다. 또한 비정규직 문제의 해결을 위한 대안으로 모색되었던 무기계약직에서도 비정규직과 유사한 차별의 문제가 발생하고 있으나, 무기계약직에 대한 법제가 마련되어있지 않아 또 다른 사회문제를 야기하였다. 이에 본 고에서는 비정규직과 무기계약직에 대한 차별의 합리성에 관한 판단에 대한 법리를 살펴봄으로써 관련 제도의 실효성을 확보하는 방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 그 방안의 하나로 근로기준법 제6조의 ‘균등한 처우’ 적용 범위에 ‘고용형태’를 추가하는 방안, 기간제 및 단시간근로자 보호 등에 관한 법률에 무기계약직 근로자를 차별시정 신청권자로 포섭하는 방안을 살펴보았다. 또한 비교대상근로자의 부재로 인한 차별시정의 어려움을 해소하기 위하여 균형대우원칙을 법제화하는 방안도 고려하였다. 균형대우 원칙의 도입을 통하여 비교대상근로자가 동종 유사한 업무에 종사하지 않더라도 비정규직 근로자가 열악한 처우에 놓여있는 경우, 직무의 내용, 책임의 정도, 배치변경의 범위, 합리적 노사 관행 등을 고려하여 근로조건이 불합리할 경우 해당 근로조건의 효력을 부정하는 방법으로 고용형태에 따른 차별적 처우의 문제에 대한 새로운 해결책을 제시하고자 하였다. 또한 무기계약직 근로자도 이 규정의 적용을 받을 수 있도록 법적 근거를 마련함으로써 그와 동종 유사한 업무에 종사하는 근로자가 존재하지 않더라도, 근로조건의 차등으로 발생하는 문제를 해소할 수 있다. 유럽연합 및 영국의 사례와 같이 상용파견근로자에 대한 동일노동 동일임금 원칙의 면책규정을 도입함으로써 파견근로자에 대한 차별적 처우에 관한 문제를 실질적으로 해결할 수 있는 방안도 모색해보았다. 이를 위하여 보수의 최소기준, 업무의 내용, 근무 장소, 근로시간, 1주 최대·최소 근로시간, 근로계약서에 면책 사유 필수적 기재와 같은 요건을 마련하고, 1주당 최소 1시간 이상의 근로시간을 보장하는 이른바 ‘제로 아워제도’를 도입하여 저임금의 고착화를 방지하고자 하였다. 또한 미국의 연방대법원의 차별판단 기준인 ‘80%룰’과 일본의 마루코경보기에 대한 법원의 판단 기준을 참고하여 최저임금의 기준을 설정하고자 하였다. 이 제도의 도입을 통하여 현재 정규직 근로자의 월평균 임금의 약 65퍼센트에 불과한 파견근로자들의 임금수준을 높일 수 있는 현실적인 대안을 마련할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The protection act for fixed-term, part-time, dispatched workers was enacted to prohibit discrimination against non-regular workers and has been revised continuously until now. However, the issue of discriminatory treatment of non-regular workers continues to arise. Due to the development of industry and technology, various forms of non-regular work have increased, and the problem of discriminatory treatment of fixed-term, part-time, dispatched, special employment workers is emerging as a social problem. The real hourly wage of non-regular workers decreased from 69.5% to 65.6% of the real wage of regular workers from 2004 to 2019. In other words, the wage gap between non-regular and regular workers widened by 3.7% during the same period. Moreover, due to the spread of COVID-19, the employment growth rate of regular workers fell by 0.4%, and the employment growth rate of non-regular workers fell by 0.7% in 2020. The decrease in the employment of non-regular workers was faster than that of regular workers. Unlimited contract workers have emerged as an alternative to solving the problem of non-regular workers, but they also have the same problem of discrimination as non-regular workers. Since there is no legal system for unlimited contract workers, their discriminatory treatment is becoming another social issue. Therefore, this thesis examines the jurisprudence of judgment on the rationality of discrimination against non-regular and unlimited contract workers and tries to prepare a way to secure the effectiveness of the related system. As one of the measures, this study proposes adding employment type to the scope of application of equal treatment in Article 6 of the labor standards act and including unlimited contract workers as applicants for discrimination correction in the protection act for fixed-term and part-time workers. This paper also considers a way to legislate the Balanced Treatment to resolve the difficulties in correcting discrimination of non-regular and unlimited contract workers due to the absence of comparable workers. By introducing the above system, this paper proposes a way to judge the rationality of working conditions for non-regular workers who do not have comparable workers. For example, considering the job description, the degree of the responsibility, the scope of change of placement, and the reasonable labor-management practices of non-regular workers can be a way to solve the problem of discriminatory treatment of them. This paper tries to find a solution to the problem of discriminatory treatment of non-regular workers by suggesting a new method for judging the rationality of working conditions. In addition, this thesis intends to provide a legal basis so that unlimited contract workers can also be subject to the above regulations. This study also explores ways to practically solve the discriminatory treatment problem of dispatched workers by introducing exemption provisions such as Equal Pay for Equal Work principal for regular dispatched workers as in the European Union and the United Kingdom cases. In addition, one considers a plan to prevent the fixation of low wages by introducing the Zero-Hour System, in which the reason for exemption is mandatory in the labor contract and guarantees working hours of at least one hour per week. Furthermore, this thesis tried to establish the minimum wage standard by referring to the 80% rule, which is the discrimination criterion of the US Supreme Court, and the judgment criterion of the Japanese court in the case of Maruko Keihoki. Through introducing this system, a realistic alternative can be prepared to raise the wage level of dispatched workers, which is currently only about 65% of the average monthly wage of regular workers.

피보험자가 정신질환을 이유로 자살한 경우 면책조항에 관한 검토

전별(Jeon, Byeol) 중앙대학교 법학연구원 2015 法學論文集 Vol.39 No.3

For more than ten years starting from year 2003, South Korea's suicide rate has been the highest amongst the OECD members. The extreme suicide rate has brought forth many social issues, including those related to the reception of insurance benefits. The life insurance standard clauses state that in exceptional circumstances, insurance companies are obliged to payout insurance to the survivors even when the insurant's death was self-induced. However, the lack of any law to enforce such regulations and the discrete exclusive criteria of insurance companies, has caused a dispute on whether the survivors can claim insurance when the insurant has committed suicide. The Supreme Court, on its verdict of June 23rd, 2015, proclaimed that ① although a death, which has been caused by an external factor during a period in which the insurant lacked free will, ought to be considered an insured peril, ② an exception clause, which distinguishes the insurant's mental illness as an exception to the insurant's suicide, cannot be regarded as an unfair term and ③ therefore, the insurer is released from the obligation to pay insurance proceeds of an insurance accident that occurred while the insurant was unable to make independent decisions as a result of suffering psychosis. The Supreme Court's verdict of viewing unwilled suicide as an insurance peril is valid. However, to claim the insurant's mental illness as an independent exception clause, violates the essences of insurances, and when regarding the common practices of insurance companies, it can be assumed that such policies will act against the benefits of the clients. As a result, it is predictable that there will be a continuous debate on the validity of the current verdict, which releases insurers from their obligation to pay insurance proceeds of insurance accidents that occur while the insurant lacks the ability to make independent decisions as an outcome of mental illness.

‘치료를 직접적인 목적으로 하는 입원 및 수술’ 조항과 보험자의 약관 설명의무의 범위에 관한 고찰

전별(Jeon Byeol) 중앙대학교 법학연구원 2017 法學論文集 Vol.41 No.2

Insurances form risk groups by gathering people who are susceptible to a common harm. They collect their funds by the payments of their clients, which have been assessed based on the law of large numbers, and guarantees coverage for the insureds’ loss by paying claims. When unanticipated accidents occur, the insured can treat their disease or compensate for their financial loss through the premium they receive from the insurer. As such, insurances enable individuals to pursue a secure life by allowing them to prepare for unexpected losses at a relatively low cost. Hence, they have become a crucial aspect of the modern life. However, individuals have begun to sign insurance contracts while lacking thorough explanations about their terms as they have become complicated, and special provisions have been included along with the diverse causes of diseases and accidents. As a result, legal disputes about refusal of insurance payment due to interpretation of clauses are continuously increasing. Especially, interpreting clauses of ‘hospitalization and surgery with the primary purpose of treatment.’ is becoming one of the most major issue in recent years. Considering the nature of insurance contracts and their clauses, it is extremely difficult for the insurer to explain every clause to the insured, nor it is essential for the insured to completely understand each clause. Nonetheless, decisions to sign a contract should be made after receiving a detailed explanation about the financial compensations the insured will receive for their loss, and fulling understanding the scope of its coverage, the major clauses, and the exclusions. However, such information is often left oblivious when signing the contract, and the information regarding ‘hospitalization and surgery with the primary purpose of treatment,’ which is the criterion in which insurance claims are inspected, is generally unmentioned nor explained to a degree in which the general public can understand. Therefore, it is common for the insured to be unable to receive any payment from their insurance, even when they have been treated for illnesses that were mentioned on their contract. Insurance companies argue that hospitalization and surgery do not have the primary purpose of treating the targeted disease, and that they are not obligated to explain the term, ‘hospitalization and surgery with the primary purpose of treatment.’ However, the duty of explanation should be judged from the perspective of the insured. Reflecting on the legal principle that any significant term, which has influence on the insureds’ interest, is liable for the duty of explanation, the scope of the ‘hospitalization and surgery with the primary purpose of treatment,’ and the fact that only claims that fall into its scope are covered should be considered as clauses that ought to be explained. Therefore, when a contract includes a clause about ‘hospitalization and surgery with the primary purpose of treatment, the insurer has the obligation to thoroughly explain it in comprehensible terms. M oreover, when such obligation is unfulfilled, the insurer cannot argue that the insured has consented to the contract. In addition, neither the insurance contract nor the related laws stipulate the scope of hospitalization and operation for direct treatment . As a result, each level of courts has made different arbitrary judgement about whether or not to pay insurance payments, and individuals have suffered unexpected damage. Therefore, fundamental solution to prevent dispute about interpreting hospitalization and operation for direct treatment is needed. In addition, to prevent dispute due to differences of interpretation of the terms and correcting the imbalance of information between insurer and policyholder

NF-κB 신호경로에서 CLK3의 새로운 음성 조절자로서의 기능

전별은(Byeol-Eun Jeon),권찬성(Chan-Seong Kwon),이지은(Ji-Eun Lee),우예린(Ye-Lin Woo),김상우(Sang-Woo Kim) 한국생명과학회 2022 생명과학회지 Vol.32 No.11

만성 염증은 종양의 발생 및 진행과 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 핵인자 kappa B (NF-κB)는 5개의 전사인자로 구성되며 염증 반응에 필수적인 역할을 한다. 다양한 암에서 NF-κB의 조절장애가 보고되고 있으며 NF-κB 조절이 암 치료에 있어 핵심 표적이 된다. 본 연구에서는 CDC Like Kinase 3 (CLK3)를 NF-κB 신호전달 경로를 조절하는 새로운 키네이스임을 확인하였다. 우리는 CLK3가 정규 및 비정규 NF-κB 신호전달경로를 억제하는 것을 밝혔다. CLK3 과발현 또는 knock-down 세포주를 이용한 루시퍼레이즈 분석 결과, 이 키네이스는 TNFα와 PMA가 유도하는 정규 NF-κB 신호전달경로 활성을 억제하였다. 또한 CLK3 과발현은 잘 알려진 비정규 NF-κB 신호경로 유도제인 NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) 또는 CD40에 의한 NF-κB 활성을 저해하였다. 추가적으로 CLK3의 NF-κB 신호전달 저해기전을 설명하고자 TNFα 처리 후 웨스턴 블롯 분석으로 이 키네이스 영향권 내에 있는 NF-κB 신호경로 분자들을 식별하였다. 그 결과 CLK3가 TAK1, IKKα/β, p65, IκBα 및 ERK1/2-MAPK의 인산화/활성화를 저해하여 TNFα 처리로 유도된 NF-κB 및 MAPK 신호경로를 모두 억제함을 밝혔다. 앞으로의 연구는 CLK3가 정규 및 비정규 NF-κB 경로를 억제하는 기작을 밝히는데 초점을 맞출 것이다. 위 연구 결과들을 토대로 CLK3가 NF-κB 신호전달경로의 새로운 음성 조절자로써 기능함을 제시하였다. Chronic inflammation has been shown to be closely associated with tumor development and progression. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is composed of a family of five transcription factors. NF-κB signaling plays a crucial role in the inflammatory response and is often found to be dysregulated in various types of cancer, making it an attractive target in cancer therapeutics. In this study, CDC-like kinase 3 (CLK3) was identified as a novel kinase that regulates the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our data demonstrate that CLK3 inhibits the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. Luciferase assays following the transient or stable expression of CLK3 indicated that this kinase inhibited NF-κB activation mediated by Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which are known to activate NF-κB signaling via the canonical pathway. Consistent with data on the ectopic expression of CLK3, CLK3 knockdown using shRNA constructs increased NF-κB activity 1.5-fold upon stimulation with TNFα in HEK293 cells compared with the control cells. Additionally, overexpression of CLK3 suppressed the activation of this signaling pathway induced by NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) or CD40, which are well-established activators of the non-canonical pathway. To further examine the negative impact of CLK3 on NF-κB signaling, we performed Western blotting following the TNFα treatment to directly identify the molecular components of the NF-κB pathway that are affected by this kinase. Our results revealed that CLK3 mitigated the phosphorylation/activation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), inhibitor of NF-κB kinase alpha/beta (IKKα/β), NF-κB p65 (RelA), NF-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), and Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-Mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2-MAPK), suggesting that CLK3 inhibits both the NF-κB and MAPK signaling activated by TNFα exposure. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism by which CLK3 inhibits the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. Collectively, these findings reveal CLK3 as a novel negative regulator of NF-κB signaling.

일반논문 : 19세기 강우지역 학자들의 「신명사도명(神明舍圖銘)」 해석과 그 의의

전병철 ( Byeol Cheol Jeon ) 경상대학교 남명학연구소 2010 남명학연구 Vol.30 No.-

「神明舍圖」와 「神明舍銘」은 南冥 曺植의 학문적 특징을 선명하게 보여주는 것으로, 南冥學의 핵심 사상이 담겨 있는 圖說이다. 그런데 后山 許愈가 「神明舍圖銘或問」을 지어 이것에 관한 해석 작업을 시도하기 이전까지 300년 동안은 어느 누구도 그 내용과 의미를 밝히려고 하지 않았다. 后山은 「神明舍圖銘彧問」을 지어 南冥의 「神明舍圖銘」을 상세히 해석하고 그것이 가지는 유학사적 의미를 밝히고자 하였다. 그는 「神明舍圖銘」에 南冥의 心學이 오롯이 담겨 있다고 생각했다. 그리하여 南冥의 「神明舍圖銘」에 대한 주해 작업을 경상우도 학자들의 공적 안건으로 발의함으로써, 南冥의 학문과 수양을 올바르게 이해하고 南冥學의 요체를 분명하게 파악하려고 시도하였다. 그러므로 「神明舍圖銘或問」은 后山의 개인적 저술이라는 의미를 넘어, 당시 慶尙右道의 학자들이 학문적인 측면에서 본격적으로 남명학을 조명하는 촉발점이 되었으며, 그 작업에 그들의 학문적 역랑을 집결시킬 수 있는 계기를 마련하였다. 「Sinmyeongdosa」 and 「Sinmyeongsamyeong」 clearly demonstrates the academic characteristics of Nammyeong Josik, and it is Doseol which contains the essential ideology of Nammyeonghak. However, before Husan Heoyu attempted to construe this by writing 「Sinmyeongsadomyeonghokmun」, nobody was going to reveal its contents and meaning for 300 years. Husan wrote 「Sinmyeongsadomyeonghokmun」 and interpreted 「Sinmyeongdosamyeong」 by Nammyeong, in detail, and attempted to unearth its meaning in the context of Confucian history. He assumed that the simhak (study of heart) of Nammyeong is contained in 「Sinmyeongdosamyeong」 without intact. Therefore, he attempted to correctly understand the studies and cultivation of Nammyeong, and clearly identify the key of Nammyeonghak by motioning the annotation work of 「Sinmyeongdosamyeong」 by Nammyeong as an official matter of scholars in Gyeongsangwoo-do. Hence, 「Sinmyeongsadomyeonghokmun」 triggered to highlight Nammyeonghak seriously for scholars in Gyeongsangwoo-do at that time, from an academic perspectives by going beyond the meaning of a personal work of Myeongsan, and furnished an opportunity for concentrating their academic capacity on the job.

경남학 : 감수재(感樹齋) 박여량(朴汝樑)의 지리산 유람과 그 인식 - 「두류산일록(頭流山日錄)」의 분석을 중심으로-

전병철 ( Byeol Cheol Jeon ) 경상대학교 경남문화연구소 2010 慶南文化硏究 Vol.31 No.-

감수재 박여량의 「두류산일록」은 1610년 9월 2일부터 8일까지 7일 동안의 지리산 유람을 날짜별로 기록한 일기체 형식의 유산기이다. 형식의 구성은 지리산 유람을 하게 된 배경을 서술한 도입부, 날짜별로 이동한 장소와 견문 및 감상을 서술한 여정부, 여정을 마친 후 유람의 전체적인 감회를 서술한 마무리로 구성되어 있다. 내용의 특성은 두 가지로 요약할 수 있는데, 첫째는 사물에 대한 통찰과 그것을 통한 자신의 성찰이다. 둘째는 령남(嶺南) 사림(士林)의 산수 유람에 공통적으로 나타나는 특성을 계승한 점이다. 또한 감수재는 지리산을 우리나라 국토의 중심이 되는 곳으로 여겼으며, 구도적 강학처로 인식하였다. Gamsujae Park Yeo-rang`s Duryusan Illog(daily record) was a diary style travel account by date about travel to Mt. Jiri for seven days from September 2, 1610 to 8. It was divided into introduction describing the background of the travel to Mt. Jiri, the itinerary part showing places by date and experience and thoughts, and the conclusion expressing overall emotion after the travel. The characteristics of the content can be summarized as two. First, it was insight about things and self-examination based on the insight. Second, it succeeded the common characteristics of Yeongnam Sarim`s sightseeing tour. In addition, Gamsujae considered Mt. Jiri as the center of Korean territory and structural Ganghakcheo(the education place).

Supplement of Zinc in Porcine in vitro Maturation Medium Improves the Porcine Embryonic Development Competence

Yu byeol Jeon,Seung A Jeong,Jun chul Yoon,Lian Cai,Seon Ung Hwang,Eun hye Kim,Sang Hwan Hyun 대한수의학회 2013 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.-