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An Event-Based Semantics for Japanese Emphatic Particles
( Akira Ishikawa ) 한국언어정보학회 2002 국제 워크샵 Vol.2002 No.-
Following Herburger (2000), I will develop an event-based semantics for Japanese emphatic particles which can address the issue of the mechanism of association with focus involving the emphatic particles. The proposed semantics makes use of Herburger``s three key ideas: events as basic entities, decomposition of predicates into subatomic formulas, and separation of backgrounded and foregrounded information.
An Event-Based Semantics for Japanese Emphatic Particles
Akira Ishikawa 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2002 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.3 No.1
Inspired by Herburger (2000), I will develop an event-based semantics for Japanese emphatic particles which can address the issue of the mechanism of association with focus involving the emphatic particles. The proposed semantics makes use of and modifies Herburger`s three key ideas: events as basic entities, decomposition of predicates into subatomic formulas, and separation of backgrounded and foregrounded information. I will show the resultant DRS notation can describe the meaning of the emphatic particles very explicitly in terms of the discourse referents involved in the described and compared events, and also account for the interaction of emphatic particles and semantic particles in a perspicuous way.
An Approach to Lexical Knowledge from the Viewpoint of Language Teaching
( Akira Ishikawa ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2008 언어연구 Vol.25 No.3
This paper presents an approach to vocabulary teaching based on the idea of systemization of vocabulary knowledge, which attempts to incorporate insights gained in theoretical linguistic research into explicit vocabulary instruction. This approach intends to make unnoticeable regularities in vocabulary knowledge accessible and learnable by foreign learners, overcoming difficulties arising from learner factors. It is also expected to provide learners with more control over their learning processes, making learning activities intellectually more appealing than uninformed varieties of vocabulary instruction. Three requirements of the systemization of vocabulary items are discussed along with other related issues. (Sophia University)
Condensation of Nano-Size Polymer Aggregates by Spin Drying
Ishikawa, Atsushi,Kawai, Akira The Society of Adhesion and Interface 2005 접착 및 계면 Vol.6 No.1
Condensation control of nano-particles has become important in order to fabricate minute condensed structures. In this study, we focus our attention on condensation mechanism of polymer aggregates in a resist film. The polymer aggregate is structural component of a resist material which is used in lithography process. The condensation nature of polymer aggregates in the resist film surface is observed by using atomic force microscope (AFM). By using the AFM, the condensation of polymer aggregates can be observed clearly. The condensation of polymer aggregate strongly affects to precise fabrication of resist pattern below 100nm size. The interaction force among polymer aggregates can be analyzed based on Derjaguin approximation. We also discuss about condensation nature of polymer aggregates in the resist film surface with the help of micro sphere model.
Akira Mitsuhashi,Yuji Habu,Tatsuya Kobayashi,Yoshimasa Kawarai,Hiroshi Ishikawa,Hirokazu Usui,Makio Shozu 대한부인종양학회 2019 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.30 No.6
Objective: The present study investigated long-term outcomes of medroxyprogesteroneacetate (MPA) plus metformin therapy in terms of control of atypical endometrial hyperplasia(AEH) and endometrial cancer (EC), and post-treatment conception. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 63 patients (42 with EC; 21 with AEH) who underwentfertility-sparing management using MPA plus metformin. MPA (400 mg/day) and metformin(750–2,250 mg/day) were administered to achieve complete response (CR). Metformin wasadministered until conception, even after MPA discontinuation. Results: Of the total patients, 48 (76%) had a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and 43 (68%)showed insulin resistance. Sixty-one patients (97%) achieved CR within 18 months. CR ratesat 6, 8–9, and 12 months were 60%, 84%, and 90%, respectively. During a median followupperiod of 57 months (range, 13–115 months), relapse occurred in 8 of 61 patients (13.1%)who had achieved CR. Relapse-free survival (RFS) in all patients at 5 years was 84.8%. Uponunivariate analysis, patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had significantly better prognoses than didthose with BMI <25 kg/m2 (odds ratio=0.19; 95% confidence interval=0.05–0.66; p=0.009). Overall pregnancy and live birth rates per patient were 61% (19/31) and 45% (14/31), respectively. Conclusions: MPA plus metformin is efficacious in terms of RFS and post treatmentconception. Moreover, metformin may be more efficacious for patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2.