아토피 피부염의 유발 원인에 관한 연구

박성애 ( Sung Ea Park ),허용 ( Yong Heo ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2009 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.7 No.1

Atopic dermatitis word in the plural implies that people with this disease than the normal, sensitive to certain food antigens or antigen inhalation causes allergic to react. Recently associated with atopic dermatitis and international journals, textbooks, research institutes and national institutions were reviewed over a leg 50 of the report. Outside the journal ``http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/`` in the keyword "atopic dermatitis" in the Journal of the search was mainly shot, possession of controversial research that many or the number of subjects too few papers that were excluded if possible. causes of atopic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and prevention research literature on the subject of investigation and international research trends, National Health Insurance Corporation through the release of the records has developed a statistical basis. Domestic Journal the Korea Research Foundation deungjaeji and the search was mainly of listed candidates, the existing research is being published in journals, or preferably of the present scientific evidence, or through double-blind clinical trial results, including the Journal of the order to select mainly was. The skin associated with atopic dermatitis confined to the management plan is considered reasonable in the Abstract and the report, the Institute released information was abbreviated. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis over the health impact of environmental factors were central to the investigation. The cause of atopic dermatitis, research and prevention of atopic dermatitis on the subject of research literature on survey research, and international trends, national health insurance said one of the basic materials has created a statistical survey, prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children through the causes of trends for research study was as follows. First, the basic statistical data of National Health Insurance Corporation study analyzed data for children 5-7 years old 5 to the prevalence of atopic dermatitis, 14.9%, age 6 to 12.9%, 7 to 9.8% was to appear. Secondly, based on data of National Health Insurance Corporation from 2003 to 2007 the average prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children`s gender for the remaining 9.7% to 9.4% of the girls that if the prevalence has increased. Third, the father and the child with atopic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, the incidence was 66.6%, 45.9% is not the mother if the child has atopic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, the incidence of 70.0%, 45.7% in the eopeun atopic dermatitis This survey was a large genetic effect. The higher the education of parents of children with atopic dermatitis shows up as a low incidence of breast milk, your child`s atopic dermatitis suyuhan 52.1% in the feeding rate is not higher than 40.5% were surveyed. Was no significant difference in food preferences. Fourth, the environmental impact of indoor smoke from the 55.5% incidence of atopic dermatitis in children as the smoking does not significantly higher than the survey was 46.9%.

Clinical Characteristics of Lichen Amyloidosis Associated with Atopic Dermatitis: A Single Center, Retrospective Study

오승민,안혜진,신민경 대한피부과학회 2023 Annals of Dermatology Vol.35 No.6

Background: Lichen amyloidosis is a chronic pruritic skin disorder associated with atopic dermatitis, however, the pathogenetic link between these two conditions remains to be elu- cidated. Only limited research has been performed on patients diagnosed with both pruritic dermatological conditions. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical features of lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis. Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study of incident lichen amyloidosis with atopic dermatitis between March 2020 and February 2022. Among the 2,481 patients with atopic dermatitis, 20 patients diagnosed with lichen amyloidosis and atopic dermatitis were included as case patients, and 20 patients diagnosed with atopic dermatitis were enrolled as controls. The controls were matched to cases (1:1) by age and sex. We retrospectively re- viewed the medical records of the patients. Results: The prevalence of lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis was approxi- mately 0.8%, with a male:female sex ratio of 2.33:1. The recorded onset of lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis was more common in adult patients, with moderate-to- severe atopic dermatitis. Lichen amyloidosis lesions in patients with atopic dermatitis were most commonly found on the extremities, sparing the head and neck region. The presence of lichen amyloidosis had no significant impact on severity of atopic dermatitis. Conclusion: In patients with lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis, the clini- cal manifestations of lesions are similar to those of conventional lichen amyloidosis lesions in terms of morphology and regional distribution. Further research is required to elucidate the link between the pathogenesis of these two pruritic dermatological conditions.

1개 초등학교에서 아토피 피부염 환아의 자가인식에 대한 실태 조사

한상호,염희현,박준수,김용배,남해선 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2008 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: Atopic dermatitis is commonly recurred chronic dermatitis that break out among the infants and the child, and it's frequency is rising. Then the young patients and their parents actually get great interest in this disease and it's treatment. So we surveyed how correctly they know their atopic dermatitis. Methods: 285 students in elementary school are surveyed about atopic dermatitis and lower classes are helped to answer the questions orally. The students who answered to have atopic dermatitis also answered the questionary about the degree of their atopic dermatitis, and the treatments conducted recently, and their some other allergic symptoms. Then 49 students who answered to know or have atopic dermatitis are diagnosed by pediatrician to find out what they were. Results: 1) 284 students in elementary school are surveyed and 49 students are answered to know or have atopic dermatitis. Among them 1'st grade students are 10, second grades are 12, third grades are 4, 4'th grades are 10, 5'th grades are 8, 6'th grades are 5. 2) 33 students are confirmed to have atopic dermatitis by pediatric allergist, which is rate of 11.6%. and there are 16 boys and 17 girls, which is a ratio of 1:1.1 3) 44 students are answered to have atopic dermatitis and 34 are answered to know it, 23 are considered to be able to cure it. 4) 18 students are answered to have worried about atopic dermatitis, and 16 are took treatments actually. And to the question about institute and remedy for cure, 28 students went to see doctor and 22 took only applications, 2 took medicine, 15 used both of them. 5) Among 49 students who knows or have atopic dermatitis, 33 students are confirmed to have it by pediatric allergist. And one of 33 did not recognize atopic dermatitis. 12 of 44 who consider themselves have atopic dermatitis did not have it truly. Conclusion: We could see that kappa value 0.267 which came from Fisher's exact test of correspondence between students' recognition and pediatrician's was apparently low. So this survey showed the discordance between patients' recognition of atopic dermatitis and doctors' and also showed inappropriate or unnecessary treatments could happen owing to patients' themselves false recognition of dermatitis. Finally the patients and their parents would be needed constant and aggressive education in atopic dermatitis to prevent an error.

아토피 피부염에서 혈중 Interferon-γ , Interleukin-4 , Interleukin - 5 및 Interleukin - 10의 농도

이기영(Ki Young Lee),노건웅(Geun Woong Noh) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 1998 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.8 No.1

목 적 : 아토피 피부염은 알레르기 기전에 의한 만성 질환으로 interferon(IFN)-γ의 생성능이 감소하여 있고, interleukin(IL)-4의 생성능이 증가하여 있다. IFN-γ와 IL-4로 대변되는 Th1/Th2 세포의 불균형으로 인하여 IgE 생성이 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있는데, IgE의 증가는 아토피 피부염의 주요한 문제점으로 알려져 있다. 아토피 피부염에서 cytokine의 생성능에 관한 연구가 많지만, 실제 혈중농도에 관하여는 아직 확실하게 보고되어 있지 않다. 본 연구의 목적은 아토피 피부염에 관여하는 것으로 알려진 IFN-γ, IL-4 및 IL-5와 Th2 세포에서 생성되는 것으로 잘 알려져 있는 IL-10의 혈중 농도가 아토피 피부염에서 임상적으로 정상에 비하여 의의있는 변화를 나타내는지를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. IgE의 생성에 관여하는 것으로 알려진 IFN-γ와 IL-4의 농도가 혈중 IgE 농도와 상관관계가 있는지 살펴보았다. 대상 및 대상 : 아토피 피부염 환자군은 Hanifin과 Rajka의 기준을 만족시키는 아토피 피부염 환자 105명과 정상인 40명을 대조군으로 하였다. 대상자로부터 정맥혈 10ml을 채취하고 일반 혈액검사, 총 호산구수 및 혈중 IgE치를 측정하였다. 검체들에서 혈장을 분리하고 ELSIA법을 이용하여 IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 및 IL-10의 농도를 측정하여 정상 대조군과 비교하였다. 결 과 : 백혈구에서 호산구의 비 및 총 호산구의 수, 그리고 혈중 IgE 치 모두 아토피 피부염 환자군에서 의미있게 증가하였으나, 혈중 백혈구의 수에는 두군에서 차이가 없었다. IFN-γ의 혈중 농도는 아토피 피부염 환자군의 경우에 0.58±2.12pg/ml, 정상 대조군 5.20±2.60pg/ml으로 아토피 피부염에서 의미있게 낮았다(P<0.01). IL-4의 혈중 농도는 아토피 피부염 환자군에서 1.00±2.05pg/ml이었으나, 정상 대조군에서는 검출되지 않았고 (P<0.001), IL-5의 혈중 농도는 아토피 피부염에서 2.18±1.96pg/ml이었으나, 정상 대조군에서는 검출되지 않았다(P<0.001), IL-10의 혈중 농도는 아토피 피부염에서 2.36±3.38pg/ml, 정상 대조군에서는 9.78±4.52pg/ml로 아토피 피부염에서 정상 대조군에 비하여 오히려 낮은 결과를 보였다(P<0.01). 혈중 IgE치와 IFN-γ 및 IL씨의 혈중 농도간에는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 아토피 피부염에서 IFN-γ 및 IL-10의 혈중 농도는 정상보다 낮고, IL-4 및 IL-5 혈중 농도는 높다. 아토피 피부염에서 IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 및 IL-10의 혈중농도는 임상적으로 의미가 있다. 혈중 IFN-γ 및 IL-4 농도는 혈중 IgE치와 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. Purpose: There is reduced IFN-γ production with increased IL-4 production in atopic dermatitis. IgE production is known to increase from an imbalance of IFN-γ and IL-4 production. IgE overproduction is regarded as a major problem in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. In this study we evaluated the significances of plasma IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 concentrations in atopic dermatitis. Also the correlation between IL-4 and IgE levels as well as IFN-γ and IgE levels were tested. Methods : One hundred and five(105) atopic dermatitis patients who fulfilled the criteria of Hanifin and Rajka were tested as an atopic dermatitis patient group. Forty(40) normal controls who have not had any personal or family history of allergic diseases were tested as a normal control group. Routine hematologic tests, plasma IgE levels and total eosinophil counts were tested in both groups. Also plasma IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 concentrations were measured using high-sensitive IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-γ ELISA kits in both groups. Results : There was no noticeable difference in WBC counts between the atopic dermatitis group and the normal control group. In comparison, eosinophil percents in WBC and total eosinophil counts were significantly high in the atopic dermatitis group. Plasma IgE levels were also markedly elevated in the atopic dermatitis group. Plasm IFN-γ levels were significantly low in the atopic dermatitis group(0.58±2.12 pg/ml) as compared with normal control group(5.20±2.60pg/ml)(P<0.01). IL-4 and IL-5 were not detected in normal controls. But in the atopic dermatitis group plasma IL-4 concentration was 1.00±2.05pg/ml and IL-5 was 2.18±1.96pg/ml. Plasma IL-10 concentration was significantly low in the atopic dermatitis group(2.36±3.38 pg/ml) as compared with the normal control group(9.78±4.52pg/ml)(P<0.01). Conclusions : Plasma IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 levels were clinically significant in atopic dermatitis. However, plasma IL-10 levels of the atopic dermatitis was lower as compared to that of the normal subject. There was no significant correlation among plasma IFN-γ, IL-4 levels, and blood IgE levels.

경증 천식 환아에서 아토피피부염의 동반이 하기도 호산구 염증에 미치는 영향

이지현 ( Ji Hyun Lee ),이세규 ( Se Kyu Lee ),김영진 ( Yeong Jin Kim ),송도영 ( Do Young Song ),강임주 ( Im Ju Kang ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2006 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.26 No.3

Background and Objective: Atopic dermatitis is a risk factor for the development, severity, and persistence of childhood asthma. We performed this study to investigate the effect of coexistence of atopic dermatitis on eosinophilic lower airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mild persistent asthma. Method: Sixsty-four patients with asthma without atopic dermatitis and 94 patients with asthma and atopic dermatitis were enrolled in this study. Sputum induction test, the methacholine challenge test and MAST CLA Korea Panel were performed. Sputum eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), sputum eosinophils and allergen sensitization were compared between the groups. Bronchial responsiveness (BR) index for bronchial hyperresponsiveness was determined and compared between the groups. Result: The risk of sensitization to food and house dust mite allergen was higher in asthmatics with atopic dermatitis than in asthmatics without atopic dermatitis. In asthmatics with atopic dermatitis, sputum eosinophils and ECP level, BR index were significantly higher than in asthmatics without atopic dermatitis. The severity of atopic dermatitis significantly correlated with BR index and sputum eosinophils in asthmatics with atopic dermatitis. Conclusion: These results suggest that bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic lower airway inflammation may be higher in asthmatics with atopic dermatitis than in asthmatics without atopic dermatitis and influenced by the severity of atopic dermatitis. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;26:206-212)

동물모델에서 cytokine 조율을 통한 한약의 항아토피피부염 효능과 임상적 응용에 대한 고찰

박영철 ( Yeong Chul Park ),임정대 ( Jung Dae Lim ),박용기 ( Yong Ki Park ),윤미숙 ( Mi Sook Yoon ),이선동 ( Sun Dong Lee ) 대한본초학회 2012 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

Objectives : There is a pressing need to determine the clinical and scientific validity of herbal therapies for animal model with atopic dermatitis since some differences in systemic cytokine polarization between in animal model and in patients with atopic dermatitis has been reported. New studies for tang, medicinal herb itself or effective ingradients of medicinal herb showing anti-atopic dermatitis effectiveness are reviewed in terms of cytokine regulation. Methods : Those herbal therapies used to treat atopic dermatitis in animal model were introduced and the expression pattern of cytokine and the activity of mast cell were compared in both animal model and patients with atopic dermatitis. Results : In case of atopic dermatitis in human, there is a biphasic pattern of cytokine expression in atopic dermatitis, with acute skin inflammation associated with a predominance of IL-4 and IL-13 expression from Th2 cells, and chronic inflammation associated with increased IL-5 from Th2-cells and IFN-γ from Th1-cells. However, a pattern of cytokine expression in animal model with atopic dermatitis is not matched well to the biphasic pattern of cytokine expression in patients with atopic dermatitis. In addition, a kind of cytokine is different by animal model with atopic dermatitis. These differences would make herbal medicines, showing their effectiveness on atopic dermatitis, difficult to apply to patients with atopic dermatitis. Conclusion : The pattern of local cytokine expression plays an important role in modulating tissue inflammation, and in atopic dermatitis this pattern depends on the acuity or duration of the skin lesion. Thus, in order to develop medicinal herb itself or effective ingradients of medicinal herb showing anti-atopic dermatitis effectiveness, biphasic pattern of cytokine expression should be considered in animal model with atopic dermatitis.

Characteristic Clinical Features of Korean Atopic Dermatitis Patients with Interleukin-17 Receptor A Gene Mutation

( Jong Won Lee ),( Kwangmin Yu ),( Hyeyoung Lee ),( Eung Ho Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회지 Vol.59 No.4

Background: Th17 cytokines such as interleukin-17 and interleukin-22 are expressed in atopic dermatitis lesions. Previous studies have reported increased levels of interleukin-17A, -17E, and -17F in patients with atopic dermatitis. As interleukin-17A, -17E and -17F act through a common receptor composed of interleukin-17RA, it is speculated that interleukin-17RA gene (IL17RA) mutation could affect the clinical characteristics of atopic dermatitis. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the clinical features of atopic dermatitis according to the presence of an IL17RA mutation in patients with atopic dermatitis. Methods: We performed reverse blot hybridization assay to detect IL17RA mutations in Korean patients with atopic dermatitis. The clinical features of atopic dermatitis were compared between atopic dermatitis patients with and without IL17RA mutation. Results: Of 332 patients with atopic dermatitis, 27 (8.1%) were found to have IL17RA mutation compared to 8 of 245 controls without atopic diseases (3.27%), which was statistically significant. Furthermore, 272 of atopic dermatitis patients (81.9%) had extrinsic type atopic dermatitis and 60 (18.1%) had intrinsic type. All patients with IL17RA mutations had extrinsic type. In addition, atopic dermatitis with IL17RA mutation was associated with longer disease duration, more frequent keratosis pilaris, higher blood eosinophil count, higher serum total immunoglobulin E level, higher house dust mite allergen-specific immunoglobulin E levels, and more need for systemic treatment than that in patients without IL17RA mutation. Conclusion: IL17RA mutation is associated with the more severe extrinsic type atopic dermatitis. So, it may predict the progress to severe atopic dermatitis. (Korean J Dermatol 2021;59(4):290∼295)

아토피 피부염에서 아토피 지표의 의의

이영진(Young Jin Lee),강혜영(Hye Young Kang),정병주(Byeong Ju Jeong),김규언(Kyu Earn Kim),이기영(Ki Young Lee),이수영(Soo Young Lee) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 1994 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.4 No.2

N/A To evaluate the clinicopathologic importance and relationship of atopic dermatitis with atopic index such as allergy skin testing and serum total IgE concentration, skin scratch testing with 63 allergens of Tarii company (Japan) were performed in 342 children with atopic dermatitis and serum total IgE was determined by FAST method, The number of children with non-atopic atopic dermatitis characterized by normal level of serum IgE and negative reactions in all allergens was 71(20.8%) and the number of children with atopic atopic dermatitis which is characterized by elevated serum IgE level and positive reaction in more than one allergen on skin testing was 177(51.8%). Excluding the cases of 154 patients who show coexistence of possible allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, the number of verified atopic atopic dermatitis by atopic indices was 23(6.7%), Coexistence of allergic respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with atopic dermatitis were 87,0% in atopic atopic dermatitis and' 54.9% in non-atopic atopic dermatitis. There was significant coexistenee rate of respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis in atopic atopic dermatitis. In studying severity of atopic dermatitis, the number of children of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis was much more in atopic atopic dermatitis significantly. Significantly higher rate of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis was present in atopic atopic dermatitis compared to non-atopic atopic dermatitis. Also a higher rate of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis was present in the group of serum IgE leve1 greater than the sum of the mean of each age and two-standard deviation . The most common positive skin reaction of allergy skin testing was Dermatophagoides farinae(93.3%). There was no significant differences in skin reactions of DF, DP, HD, yeast, alternaria and cockroach regardless of coexistence of respiratory disease. It is suggested that there was a non-atopic factor besides an atopic factor which is related to atopic dermatitis. Further studies should be needed to discover pathogenesis and mechanism of atopic dermatitis in these cases.

Changes in serum IgE level according to age in patients with atopic dermatitis in Korea

( Min Wha Choi ),( Young Shin Kim ),( June Hyunkyung Lee ),( Tai Kyung Noh ),( Tae Young Han ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a paradigmatic chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by a complex pathophysiology. The clinical feature of atopic dermatitis varies depending on the age of the patient. Serum IgE level is useful biomarker to appreciate the sensitization profile of patient with allergic diseases. Objectives: We investigated to identify the changes in serum IgE level according to age in patients with atopic dermatitis in Korea. Methods: We included 779 patients who were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis according to the criteria of Hanifin & Rajka and tested serum IgE level registered Department of Dermatology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center between January 2013 and May 2018. We defined serum IgE level under 200 kU/L indicate intrinsic atopic dermatitis and 200kU/L or/and above indicate extrinsic atopic dermatitis. Results: The patients with intrinsic atopic dermatitis were more common until early childhood (2-6 years). From childhood, percentage of extrinsic atopic dermatitis began to increase to 51.3%. In adolescent, patients with extrinsic atopic dermatitis were twice as many as those with intrinsic atopic dermatitis and 1.22 times more in young adult. From adult, the proportion of patient with intrinsic atopic dermatitis increased again. Conclusion: We suggest that there might be some associations between changes of clinical feature of atopic dermatitis and changes of serum IgE level according to age.

중등증 이상의 소아 아토피피부염에서 재조합 IFN-γ의 장기적 효과에 대한 연구

김현아,윤소원,염명걸,김창렬,이세민,이하백,오재원 대한 소아알레르기 호흡기학회 2008 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.18 No.3

Purpose:A number of studies on the treatment of atopic dermatitis have focused on the therapeutic effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in patients with severe atopic dermatitis, although therapeutic protocols such as duration and dosage of recombinant IFN-γ were different among studies. The beneficial effects of IFN-γ have probably been attributed mainly to its immune modulating effect on the expression of several immunologic mediators although the mechanism of action of IFN-γ therapy in atopic dermatitis is not clear. Objective:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of recombinant IFN-γ on moderate to severe atopic dermatitis with changes in immunologic markers such as IgE level and eosionophil cationic protein (ECP). Methods:Thirty children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis were selected for the treatment with recombinant IFN-γ, and 10 children with atopic dermatitis were recruited for the controls without IFN-γ treatment. They were followed up every 4 weeks for 3 months after IFN-γ treatment. We evaluated the SCORAD index and immunologic markers including serum IgE and ECP and total eosinophil and neutrophil counts. Results:Significant clinical improvement in reduced SCORAD index was observed 12 weeks after treatment with regimen of recombinant IFN-γ. This clinical outcome was correlated more with changes in eosinophil counts and ECP levels than with those in serum IgE levels. Conclusions:The efficacy of recombinant human IFN-γ therapy for children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis was maintained without serious side effects for 6 months after final injection of recombinant IFN-γ. Recombinant IFN-γ therapy corrected cellular immune deficits, but not humoral immune defects in patients with atopic dermatitis. Purpose:A number of studies on the treatment of atopic dermatitis have focused on the therapeutic effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in patients with severe atopic dermatitis, although therapeutic protocols such as duration and dosage of recombinant IFN-γ were different among studies. The beneficial effects of IFN-γ have probably been attributed mainly to its immune modulating effect on the expression of several immunologic mediators although the mechanism of action of IFN-γ therapy in atopic dermatitis is not clear. Objective:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of recombinant IFN-γ on moderate to severe atopic dermatitis with changes in immunologic markers such as IgE level and eosionophil cationic protein (ECP). Methods:Thirty children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis were selected for the treatment with recombinant IFN-γ, and 10 children with atopic dermatitis were recruited for the controls without IFN-γ treatment. They were followed up every 4 weeks for 3 months after IFN-γ treatment. We evaluated the SCORAD index and immunologic markers including serum IgE and ECP and total eosinophil and neutrophil counts. Results:Significant clinical improvement in reduced SCORAD index was observed 12 weeks after treatment with regimen of recombinant IFN-γ. This clinical outcome was correlated more with changes in eosinophil counts and ECP levels than with those in serum IgE levels. Conclusions:The efficacy of recombinant human IFN-γ therapy for children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis was maintained without serious side effects for 6 months after final injection of recombinant IFN-γ. Recombinant IFN-γ therapy corrected cellular immune deficits, but not humoral immune defects in patients with atopic dermatitis.