China's Charm Defensive: Image Protection by Acquiring Mass Entertainment

Nilgün Eliküçük Yıldırım,Mesut Aslan 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2020 Pacific Focus Vol.35 No.1

Focusing on discussion of China's soft power resources, this article argues that China performs two kinds of soft power strategies in developing and developed countries: offensive and defensive, respectively. While China's charm offensive aims to consolidate her comprehensive power through a development model, aid, investment, traditional culture, foreign policy, and international broadcasting in developing countries, the defensive aspect of China's soft power strategy aims to soften the rise of China with traditional culture by introducing appealing parts of Chinese culture through investments and international broadcasting in Western countries. China applies classical soft power tools in developing countries while she endeavors to protect her image in Western countries defensively. China's alternative defensive approach to soft power is mostly implemented through the acquisition of media outlets, and via the entertainment sector and gaming industry by Chinese‐owned companies. However, even in the defensive and offensive bifurcation, if charm attacks result in failure, China could turn take a defensive stance in developing countries.

Finite-time Adaptive Integral Backstepping Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control Application on Quadrotor UAV

Karam Eliker,Wei Dong Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.2

This paper presents a reliable and novel quadrotor flight control system designed to enhance trajectory tracking performance, robustness and adaptiveness against the uncertain parameters and the external wind disturbance. By combining a recursive control methodology with a robust control algorithm, a finite-time adaptive integral backstepping fast terminal sliding mode control is designed for major control loops related to position tracking and attitude stabilization. To estimate quadrotor mass and inertia moments, only four adaptation laws are developed. To compensate the unknown upper bound on the disturbances, a robust and adaptive switching gain is designed. The designed controller guarantees that all the closed signals are semi-global practical finite-time stability while the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. The obtained numerical results and comparison studies show the effectiveness, robustness, adaptiveness and energy efficiency of the proposed flight control system.

Comparison of retention forces with various fabrication methods and materials in double crowns

Melahat Çelik Güven,Meral Tuna,Ergun Bozdağ,Gizem Nur Öztürk,Gulsen Bayraktar 대한치과보철학회 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.4

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to analyze the retention force changes and wear behaviours of doublecrown systems over long-term use. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ten groups, each consisting of six samples, were evaluated. Specifically, casting gold alloy primary crown - casting gold alloy secondary crown (AA), laser sintering primary crown - laser sintering secondary crown (LL), casting Cr alloy primary crown - casting Cr alloy secondary crown, (CC) zirconia primary crown - electroformed secondary crown (ZA), and CAD/CAM titanium alloy primary crown - CAD/CAM titanium alloy secondary crown (TT) groups were evaluated at cone angles of 4° and 6°. The samples were subjected to 5,000 insertion-separation cycles in artificial saliva, and the retention forces were measured every 500 cycles. The wear levels were analyzed via SEM at the beginning and end of the 5,000 cycles. RESULTS. In all samples, the retention forces increased when the conus angle decreased. The highest initial and final retention force values were found in the LL-4° group (32.89 N-32.65 N), and the lowest retention force values were found in the ZA6° group (5.41 N-6.27 N). The ZA groups’ samples showed the least change in the retention force, and no wear was observed. In the other groups, wear was observed mostly in the primary crowns. CONCLUSION. More predictable, clinically relevant, and less excursive retention forces can be observed in the ZA groups. The retention force values of the LL groups were statically similar to those of the other groups, except the ZA groups.

A Giant Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst Treated without Lobectomy

Emrah Sinmaz,Ali çeliksöz 연세대학교의과대학 2009 Yonsei medical journal Vol.50 No.6

A 20 year-old woman was admitted to our clinic complaining of dyspnea, cough, chest pain and pleural effusion. The diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cyst was made on the basis of parasitology laboratory findings, computed tomographic results and chest radiographic findings. A giant pulmonary hydatid cyst (33×14×12 cm) was located in the left lower lobe, which involved more than 90% of the lobe. The patient was treated surgically using cystotomy and capitonnage. This is a case of a giant pulmonary hydatid cyst published in the literature, which was surgically treated without a lobectomy, by preserving the lung parenchyma. A 20 year-old woman was admitted to our clinic complaining of dyspnea, cough, chest pain and pleural effusion. The diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cyst was made on the basis of parasitology laboratory findings, computed tomographic results and chest radiographic findings. A giant pulmonary hydatid cyst (33×14×12 cm) was located in the left lower lobe, which involved more than 90% of the lobe. The patient was treated surgically using cystotomy and capitonnage. This is a case of a giant pulmonary hydatid cyst published in the literature, which was surgically treated without a lobectomy, by preserving the lung parenchyma.

Physicochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Protected Designation of Origin Ezine Cheese: Assessment of Non-starter Lactic Acid Bacterial Diversity with Antimicrobial Activity

Baş,ar Uymaz,Nefise Akç,elik,Zerrin Yü,ksel 한국축산식품학회 2019 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.39 No.5

Ezine cheese is a non-starter and long-ripened cheese produced in the Mount of Ida region of Çanakkale, Turkey, with a protected designation of origin status. Nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) have a substantial effect on the quality and final sensorial characteristics of long-ripened cheeses. The dominance of NSLAB can be attributed to their high tolerance to the hostile environment in cheese during ripening relative to many other microbial groups and to its ability to inhibit undesired microorganisms. These qualities promote the microbiological stability of long-ripened cheeses. In this study, 144 samples were collected from three dairies during the ripening period of Ezine cheese. Physicochemical composition and NSLAB identification analyses were performed using both conventional and molecular methods. According to the results of a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 13 different species belonging to seven genera were identified. Enterococcus faecium (38.42%) and E. faecalis (18.94%) were dominant species during the cheese manufacturing process, surviving 12 months of ripening together with Lactobacillus paracasei (13.68%) and Lb. plantarum (11.05%). The results indicate that NSLAB contributes to the microbiological stability of Ezine cheese over 12 months of ripening. The isolation of NSLAB with antimicrobial activity, potential bacteriocin producers, yielded defined collections of natural NSLAB isolates from Ezine cheese that can be used to generate specific starter cultures for the production of Ezine cheese (PDO).

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-Revised

Anıl Gü,ndü,z,Ibrahim Gü,ndog˘mus,Sencan Sertç,elik,Betü,l Hacer Engin,Aysel I s¸ler,Alis¸an Burak Yas¸ar,Hatice Gö,nü,l,Arif Ç,ipil,Elvan Bas¸ak Usta Gü,ndü,z 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.10

Objective This study aims to assess the psychometric values of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-Revised (GADS-R) which measures the intensity and duration of worry, various coping and avoidance strategies to cope with worrying, and positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about worrying. Methods 114 patients with generalized anxiety disorder and 198 healthy controls were included in the study. These patients were diagnosed according to DSM-IV TR, and the primary diagnosis of the patients was generalized anxiety disorder which was confirmed via SCID I and II, subsequently. Sociodemographic form, GADS-R total and subscale scores, and Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7), and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) were used to assess validity, reliability and cut-off point. Results GADS-R total and subscale scores and MCQ-30, BDI, BAI, GAD-7, and PSWQ were found to be statistically higher in the patients with GAD compared to a healthy control group. GADS-R has five factors and showed relatively acceptable sensitivity and specificity for detecting anxiety disorders at a cut-off point of 1188. Conclusion The GADS-R is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in the Turkish population as an assessment tool.

Validity and Reliability of Cognitive Attentional Syndrome-1 Questionnaire

Anıl Gü,ndü,z,İ,brahim Gü,ndoğ,muş,Sencan Sertç,elik,Betü,l Hacer Engin,Aysel İ,ş,ler,Arif Ç,ipil,Hatice Gö,nü,l,Aliş,an Burak Yaş,ar,Mehmet 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.5

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Cognitive Attentional Syndrome-1 (CAS-1) questionnaire. Methods: 221 participants were included in the study who do not meet any psychiatric diagnosis. Participants were applied SCID I and II and filled CAS-1 scale, Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale, and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Testing the reliability Cronbach’s alpha, item analysis and Item and total score correlation coefficients were applied. For testing structural validity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used, and for testing the content validity, the relationship between each item of CAS-1 and MCQ-30, BDI, BAI, GAD-7, PSWQ was examined. Results: The correlation reliability coefficients were statistically significant except for using alcohol/drugs as a coping mechanism. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of 16 items was 0.771 whereas, this ratio was 0.772 for the first eight items (CAS) and 0.685 for the last eight items (Metacognitive Beliefs) which showed that the internal consistency of CAS-1 was high. Structural and Content Validity of the scale was significant. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the CAS-1 was a reliable and valid measure to evaluate CAS in a Turkish population.

A comparative study on ridge waveguide laser diodes with SiO₂ and SiN_x passivation layers

Bengi, A.,Jang, S. J.,Yeo, C. I.,Mammadov, T.,Ö,zç,elik, S.,Lee, Y. T. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2010 Surface and interface analysis Vol.42 No.6

<P>In this study, we have reported the fabrication and device characteristics of metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown 1.3-µm InP-based InGaAsP multiquantum well ridge waveguide laser diodes (LDs) for communication systems. The LD parameters such as threshold current, differential resistivity and output power for SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and SiN<SUB>x</SUB> passivation layers have been compared. Fabricated LDs have a threshold current, differential resistivity and output power values of 42 mA, 20 Ω, 9.3 mW and 51 mA, 25 Ω, 6.8 mW for SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and SiN<SUB>x</SUB> passivation layers, respectively. The analyses showed that the fabricated LD with SiO<SUB>2</SUB> passivation layer has a better performance than the other one in the view of lower threshold current, differential resistivity and higher output power. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Erratum-Comparison of retention forces with various fabrication methods and materials in double crowns

Melahat Çelik Güven,Meral Tuna,Ergun Bozdağ,Gizem Nur Öztürk,Gulsen Bayraktar 대한치과보철학회 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.6

The article ‘Comparison of retention forces with various fabrication methods and materials in double crowns’ authored by Melahat Çelik Güven, Meral Tuna, Ergun Bozdağ, Gizem Nur Öztürk, and Gulsen Bayraktar, published in August issue [Vol 9, No 4] of The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics (2017), has an erratum. In the above article, the financial grant has been erroneously omitted, so it would be disclosed as below. Funding: This study was supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University. Project No. 50058. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics apologizes to the readers for this error.

Cytogenetic Finding of Breast Cancer Cases and in Their First-Degree Relatives

Dilek Aşcı Çelik,Nurten Özçelik,Erol Eroğlu,Pınar Aslan Koşar 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the rate of sister chromatid exchange (SCE), the occurrence of micronuclei, and the lymphocyte proliferation rate index (PRI) in patients with breast cancer, their first-degree relatives, and healthy volunteers. Methods: We analyzed the frequency of SCE and micronuclei, and the PRI in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 30 women with breast cancer, 22 of their female family members,and 20 age-matched healthy female volunteers. Results:SCE occurred significantly more often in the lymphocytes of breast cancer patients (10.84±0.4 per metaphase), compared with their first-degree relatives (7.45±0.54) and controls (5.94±0.2) (p<0.001 for both). The mean SCE frequency was not statistically different between first-degree relatives and controls (p=0.071). Similarly, micronuclei occurred at a significantly higher rate in breast cancer patients (9.6±0.72), and in their first-degree rela tives (7±0.64), compared to controls (3.85±0.4) (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). There was also a significant difference between the occurrence of micronuclei in patients compared to their family members (p=0.021). The PRI was significantly lower in patients (1.61±0.1), compared with both their first-degree relatives (1.75±0.1), and controls (1.74±0.1) (p=0.001 and p=0.002,respectively). Conclusion: Increased SCE and the occurrence of micronuclei, as well as a reduced PRI are associated with breast cancer. Furthermore, increased SCE and the frequency of micronuclei in a first-degree relative suggest that they exhibit greater genetic instability than women of the same age.