수족관 이미지에 나타나는 권력 형상 연구 - 《힘을 그리다》전(展)의 작품을 중심으로 -

김정이 ( Kim Jung Ee ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.3

현대미술은 사회와의 직접적인 관계를 갖고 새로운 양식의 생성과 변화과정을 거치면서 대중과 소통되는 매개물로서 존재한다. 연구자는 빠르게 변하는 것에 발맞추며 다양한 변화 속에 살아가고 있고 살아야하는 존재이다. 그러한 현실의 상황이 힘들게 느껴질 때 그 원인을 보이지 않는 곳에서 작동되고 있는 힘’이라고 생각해왔다. 본 논문은 2018년 전시《힘을 그리다》展에서‘보이지 않는 힘’을 시각화시키는 연구의 기원과 현재 본인의 작업에 대한 정체성, 그리고 앞으로의 작업 방향성을 잡기 위한 연구 이다. 연구방법으로 자기 운명애(運命愛)의 정신에 의해 필연적으로 생성 되는 운명을 새로운 창조의 원리로 바꾸는 것이 중요하다고 주장한 니체를 도입하였다. 신이 주체적이어야 하고 창조하는 인간으로서의 힘에의 의지, 즉 왜 구조 안에서 행위 해야 하고 그 안에서 예술가로서 삶의 주체가 되는 ‘능동적(能動的) 니힐리즘’의 입장을 취해야 한다는 것을 알게 되었다. 사실상 모든 행위가 사회적으로 결정되는지도 모르나 연구자는 비관론에 빠지는 것이 아니라 그 안에서 문제를 제기할 수 있는 사람들이 예술가임을 알았다. 문제에 대한 결론을 짓는 것이 아니라 작품을 보고 대중이 다시 한 번 생각할 수 있게 만드는 것이 예술가의 역할이다. 그러한 예로 인간의 이성적 사고의 반대되는 활동을 한 예술운동인 신구상주의와 이를 바탕으로 질 아이요의 동물원 회화를 연구하였다. 정치와 사회, 그리고 일상생활을 미술 안으로 끌어들인 신구상주의의 질 아이요의 동물원 회화에서 보여 지는 틀 안의 동물들은 연구자의 수족관 속 물고기와 일치하는 지점은 있으나 작품 속의 구조내행위에서 차이를 보였다. 본 논문을 통하여 이 시대를 살고 있는 연구자의 역할을 반사회적인 것으로 정립하고 앞으로의 작업의 방향성 또한 연구자의 표현방식을 통한 꾸준한 문제의 제기임을 알 수 있었다. Contemporary art has a direct relationship with society and exists as a medium to communicate with the public through the process of creating and changing new styles. Researchers are living beings and must live in various changes while keeping pace with rapidly changing things. When such a situation in reality feels difficult, I have considered the cause of it as “power” operating in an invisible place. This thesis is a study to establish the origin of the research that visualizes the ‘invisible force’ in the 2018 exhibition 《Peindre les forces》, the identity of the current work, and the direction of the future work. Nietzsche, who argued that it is important to change the destiny that is inevitably created by the spirit of one’s own destiny and introduced love as a research method into the principle of new creation. I learned that I must act within the structure and take the position of ‘active nihilism’ as an artist in which life is the subject. Virtually all actions may be socially determined. However, the researcher did not fall into pessimism, but knew that artists were the ones who could raise problems about it. The artist’s role is not todraw conclusions about the problem, but to look at the work and make it possible for the public to think again. As an example, neo-figurativeism, which took place near France, is an art movement that was the opposite of human rational thinking. Based on this, I studied Gilles Aillaud paintings at the zoo. The quality of neo-figuration that brought politics, society, and everyday life into art. The animals in the frame shown in Aillaud’s zoo paintings have points that coincide with the fish in the researcher’s aquarium, but show differences in the structural behavior in the work. Through this thesis, it was possible to establish the role of the artist ‘Kim June ee’ living in this era as anti-social, and it was found that the direction of future work is also a constant uestioning through the method of expression of the researcher.

랑방 복합 스포츠 문화센터

E+E,Leth&Gori 현대건축사 2014 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.180

피조개, Scapharca broughtonii의 대사에 미치는 부니의 영향

정의영,신윤경,이주하 한국패류학회 1994 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.10 No.1

일반적 분류에 의한 석유 아스팔트의 성분 분석

권이열,이복영 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1990 環境科學論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Asphalt의 화학적 성분을 분석해보면 물리적 특성을 평가할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 정유회사에서 생산되는 AP-3와 AP-5를 시료로 택해서 효과적인 solvent deasphaltening의 조건을 찾고, asphaltenes를 분리한 후 petroleumes을 elution-adsorption chromatography를 이용해서 saturates, naphthene-aromatics 및 polar-aromatics로 분리하여 두 asphalt의 특성을 비교해 보았다. 효과적인 solvent deasphaltening의 조건을 용매로 n-heptane을 사용하고 80℃에서 1시간 extraction을 할 때 였다. AP-3와 AP-5의 조성상의 특징은, AP-3에 비해 AP-5의 asphaltenes 비율이 3.24% 높은 데 비해 polar-aromatics는 AP-3가 2.46% 높았으며, naphthene-aromatics와 saturates에서는 각각 1% 이내의 차이를 나타내었다. 이 결과에서 asphaltenes의 비율이 AP-3와 AP-5의 물성에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것을 알았다. The analysis of the chemical compositions of asphalts can help to evaluate the physical properties of them. In this experiment solvent deasphaltenings were carried to find out the most effective conditions for asphalt samples, AP-3 and Ap-5, produced in some domestic oil refineries. Asphaltenes were separated as precipitates on these conditions, and then petrolenes were separated into saturates, naphthene-aromatics, and polar-aromatics using elution-adsorption chromatography. AP-3 and AP-5 were most efficiently deasphaltened when extracted by n-heptane at 80℃ for one hour duration. Comparing the compositions of AP-3 and AP-5, AP-5 contains 3.24% more amount of asphaltenes than AP-3, meanwhile Ap-3 contains 2.46% more amount of polar-aromatics than AP-5. In the contents of naphthene-aromatics and saturates AP-3 and AP-5 are almost the same within 1% range. This analytical results suggest that the physical properties of asphalt is mainly influenced by the content of asphaltenes.

1980-90년대 한국 근로자의 직무만족도 연구 : 추세, 결정요인 및 국제비교 Trends, Factors, and International Comparison

정이환 한국산업노동학회 2001 산업노동연구 Vol.7 No.2

본 논문은 통계청의 「사회통계조사」결과보고서 및 원자료를 사용하여 1980-1990년대 한국 근로자의 직무만족도 추세를 분석하였다. 분석결과 1980년대 중반부터 1990년대 후반까지 노동만족도가 별로 높아지지 않았으며, 직종별 직무만족도의 차이에도 별 변화가 없었다. 이런 사실은 충족 가설의 적합도가 낮음을 보여주는 것을 해석되었다. 성, 연령, 직종, 교육수준, 종사상 지위가 만족도에 미치는 영향을 분석해 볼 때 모두 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 종사상 지위의 영향이 증대되고 있다는 점을 알 수 있었다. 한편 한국 근로자의 직무만족도는 일본 및 대만 근로자의 직무 만족도에 비해서 뚜렷이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. This paper analyzes the job satisfaction of the Korean workers in the 1980s and 1990s, using reports and raw data of the 'Social Statistics Survey.' Results of analyses shows that the level of job satisfaction has not risen in this period, while working conditions have been improved significantly. The difference of job satisfaction level across occupation also has not reduced in spite of the reduction of wage inequality across occupations. This shows that the fulfillment theory is not quite effective in explaining the change of job satisfaction in Korea. Independent variables such as sex, age, occupation, education and employment status are all significant in explaining job satisfaction level. In particular, the explaining power of employment status has got stronger. Meanwhile, international comparison shows that the job satisfaction level of the Korea workers are significantly lower than those of the Japanese and Taiwanese workers.

多空質層內의 流體流動에 관한 Diffusivity Equation의 數直解

朴伊東,吳炳旭 成均館大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

For the first step, diffusivity equation for slightly compressive fluid flow in a porous media was derived before, which was ∂^2p∂χ^2=øμc/K·∂p/∂t. Because of handling almost any type of forcing function without complicatinh the method and because of easier applying at one specified value of time or displacement, Nuimerical method was adapted for the solution of the diffusivity equation. using a Taylor series expansion, diffusivity equation could be solved for p_χ^(t+△t) and it was possible to impose pressure profle in space-time grid. Namely, pressure variations due to time level and location could be plotted simutanously. Following example were taken place for discussion of acceptance of the numerical solution method. For instance, the system were divided into 5△×_D′s (△×_D=0.2) and pressure calculations were performed for △t△/△×_D^2=1/2(△×_D=0.2 ∴△t_D=0.02) figuring X_D=0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 for 10 time steps, and for △t_D/△×_D^2=1/4(△t_D=0.01) for 10time steps, for △t_D/△×_D^2=1 (△t_D=0.04) for 5 time step, same caculations were possible, As a result of calculation and ploting of calculated values, it was verified that for △t/△×_D^2×_D^2≤1/2 the solution was stable and convergent, but for △t/△×_D^2<1/2, it was not stable. In the stable solution, the error did not grow from one time level to the next. However in unstable case of △t/△x^2=1, the calculated values of pressure oscillated and grown to very large or very small numbers. After comparing the graphs of Numerical Solution with that of the Exact Solution of Analytic mehod, it was confirmed that the both pressure profiles had same megnetude of order and almost same tendencies. So that, for slightly compressible fluid flow in the porous media, it was possible to get solution by numerical method.

高速듸젤機關의 試製 및 生産能力에 관한 硏究

朴伊東,吳炳旭,趙成傑 成均館大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

This report is about the first diesel engine produced by localization, which is to be up graded for the existing gasoline engine now under service. The purpose of this study was to confirm capability of dieselized engine production which includes production plan, facilities and manpower. Technical data for assembling, testing, and inspection was kept for assembly manual, inspection manual, and inspection records. And most facilities and equipments such as dynamometer for test runs, test bed, assembly bed, assembling tools and inspection equipments were preavailable at the plant. But some special equipments, mainly for performance testing were not secured, so they were acknowledged by test records from part maker. The engine parts imported under knocked down bases were inspected on their appearance and dimension individually, and functions were tested for some of them. Assembly was carried out, being devided into 40 main assembly and 170 subassembly. Test run was executed twice, 3-hour formal test run and 50 hour quality control test run individually. Inspection was conducted with each assembly procedure, and final inspection after test-run. Besides, sound level test and vibration test was happened to take for reference. Analysis on results was classified in this report into securing and composition of technical data, preparing of facilities and equipments, technical promotion, firmation of production system, test and inspection analysis. 1. Securing and Composition of Technical Data Princincipal Technical Data Package for assemble and test were secured to carry out works through composition of assembly manual and standards by us, but full package should be supplied. 2. Preparing of Facilities and Equipments. Almost facilities and equipments were fitted for assembly and test runs of the purpose engine, but special test equipments only fitted for the engine were to be complemented for its purpose. 3. Technical Promotion Were carried out the special assembly and maintenance works which are unusal to be adopted for the test purpose engines and engines for high speed vessels, resulting in technical promotion on that field. 4. Firmation of Production System Through the production of first engine, establishing system for mass-production were to be confirmed with the implementation to composite work procedures, instruction manuals, standards, records, and part lists, and to promote technical capability for assembly and test. 5. Test and Inspection As the test-run was to be carried out twice, so the inspection was results being made into engine characteristic curves, Log sheets and comparisons. Consequently, this first prototype is not only the first diesel engine produced, but the first middle size high speed engine for land-use manufactured in Korea. So great effort were devoted to cover our technical deviation. Additionally, with the specialty of its usage, had be carried out severe tests and inspections for quality assurance, and some parts of them were not to be carried out because of lack-in technical materials and equipments. On the other hand, it was a good chance to accumulate the technical improvements on the whole, and could composite the kinds of manuals and records, and as a result it was confirmed that characteristics of the prototype was closely same with original ones in every points. Domestic technical level cannot stretch to that required to produce main parts, Al-alloy castings of this engine. So great research & development expence have to be made. Therefore, essential condition for parts localization is to secure the sufficient demand and products price to make up for those great research and development expenses and engineering transfer fees.

可變幅 急傾斜 開水路上을 流動하는 물의 깊이 變化에 관한 實驗的 硏究

朴伊東,朴昌鎬 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

A study on fluid flow on steep open channel with variable width has been seldom found up to date. Therefore, this paper dealed with the depth variation of water flowing on steep open channel with variable width. For this purpose, experimental apparatus was made and the depths of water flowing on steep open channel with variable width were measured experimentally, changing the channel slope angle from 30° to 60° degree (4 steps) and the flow rate from 3 to 8 GPM (4 steps). Whether theoretical equation could he applied for the thin film flow on steep open channel with variable width was investigated from the comparision of the depths of flow obtained from Manning equation and Navier-Stokes equation with the depths of water flow from the experimental measurements. And whether the depth variation of water flow on steep open channel with variable width could be predicted by the use of the depth variation of water flow with constant width. The results obtained are as follows. 1. When thin film water flowed on steep open channel with variable width, the depths of flow tended to increase after decreasing along the entire channel lengths. 2. The turning point of the depths of flow from decrease to increase tended to move downwards with the increase of the flow rates, and to move upwards with the increase of the channel slope. 3. With constant flow rate, the more channel slope increasese, the more the increasing rates of depths of flow got larger than the decreasing rates on the same channel length. 4. The depth variation of water flow with constant width could not applied to predict the depths of flow on steep open channel with variable width.

遠心펌프回轉車內의 壓力特性에 關한 實驗的 硏究

朴伊東,金東燮,權養球 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.2

The distribution of pressure in an impeller of a centrifugal pump was investigated to operate under the optimum, conditions according to the variation of dynamic factors such as rotational speed and flowrate in an impeller. The interchange of energy actually are as follows. 1) The variations of pressure in the radial direction had almost the same patterns as the flowrate was changed and the outlet pressure decreased with the increase of the flowrate. 2) It showed that the pressure increased in the radial direction of impeller as the rotational speed increased, and the same phenomenon took place with the variation of flowrate. Otherwise there was little recovery of pressure in the region of low rotational speed and high flowrates(5.0, 5.5 lps) . 3) The head-flowrate of the characteristic curves increased simultaneously according to the increase of rotational speed, and the power gradient of the power-flowrate curve increased as the rotational speed increased and the efficiency-flowrate curve showed that the efficiency was the same in a low flowrate and higher in a high flowrate according to the increase of rotational speed.

열저장조 내의 Negative Buoyant Jet 유동 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

박이동,황성일,조운 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1

In cold water storage system, efficiency is mostly dominated by the mixture of incomming cold water and initial storage water. The most desirable flow pattern is to minimise the mixture of incomming water and storage water and to obtain the stable stratification. During the cold water storage, the flow pattern of incomming water is negative buoyant jet effected by initial momentum and buoyant force. In this study, two characteristics of negative buoyant jet were measured. One is concerned with degree of mixture such as entrainment rate, dilution ratio and the other is radius of curvature, concerned with the jet trajectory. There were two vairables used in this experiment. One was dynamic variables such as inlet mass flow rate, temperature difference between initial water temperature in the tank and inflow water temperature into storage tank, and the other was geometrical variables such as the height of inlet port, and inlet port diameter. Through this experiment, the optimum conditions of cold water storage by using the characteristics of negative buoyant jet were 5.7 < Fr< 8.1, 0-4<r<0.6, 7.3 < Er< 11, and 28<S<39. In this conditions, while incomming water was dropping into storage tank bottom, the mixture was minimized compared to other flow conditions and the negative buoyant jet trajectory dropped into the center of storage tank bottom. And the stable stratification was developed. Nomenclature D: Inlet port diameter(cm) E: Entrainment rate or entrainment function Fr: Densimetric Froude number g. Gravitational acceleration(m/sec^2) H: Height of single circular inlet port(cm) Q: Flow rate(GPH ) r: Radius of cuvature S: Dilution ratio T: Temperature of incoming water at centerline (℃) T_m: Temperature of incoming water, (℃) T_s: Temperature of initially stored water (℃) ΔT: Temperature difference with T_m-T_s U: The velocity of incoming water (m/s) U_m: The mean velocity of incoming water at centerline (m/s) <Greek symblos> α: Entrainment coefficient β: Volumetric expansion coefficient ρ_m: Density of incoming water, (kg/㎥) ρ: Density of initially stored water, (jg/㎥)