Continuous Chromatographic Processes with a Small Number of Columns : Comparison of Simulated Moving Bed with Varicol, PowerFeed, and ModiCon

Zhang, Ziyang,Mazzotti, Marco,Morbidelli, Massimo 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.21 No.2

The Simulated Moving Bed process and its recent extensions called Varicol, PowerFeed and ModiCon are studied, in the cases where a small number of columns are used, i.e. from three to five. A multiobjective optimization approach, using genetic algorithms and a detailed model of the multicolumn chromatographic process, is applied to optimize each process separately, and allow for comparison of the different operating modes. The non-standard SMB processes achieve better performance than SMB, due to the availability of more degrees of freedom in the operating conditions of the process, namely the way to carry out asynchronous switches for Varicol, and the different flow rates and feed concentration during the switching interval for PowerFeed and for ModiCon, respectively. We also consider the possibility of combining two non-standard operating modes in a new hybrid process, and evaluate also in this case the possible performance. Finally, a critical assessment of the results obtained and of the potential for practical implementation of the different techniques is reported.

Acidification of drinking water improved tibia mass of broilers through the alterations of intestinal barrier and microbiota

Zhang Huaiyong,Guo Yujun,Wang Ziyang,Wang Yongshuai,Chen Bo,Du Pengfei,Zhang Xiangli,Huang Yanqun,Li Peng,Michiels Joris,Chen Wen 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.6

Objective: Diet acidification supplementation is known to influence intestinal morphology, gut microbiota, and on phosphorus (P) utilization of broilers. Alterations in intestinal barrier and microbiota have been associated with systemic inflammation and thus regulating bone turnover. Hence the effect of acidifier addition to drinking water on tibia mass and the linkages between intestinal integrity and bone were studied. Methods: One-d-old male broilers were randomly assigned to normal water (control) or continuous supply of acidified water (2% the blend of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid, lactic, and phosphoric acid) group with 5 replicates of 10 chicks per replicate for 42 d. Results: Acidification of drinking water improved the ash percentage and calcium content of tibia at 42 d. Broilers receiving acidified water had increased serum P concentration compared to control birds. The acidified group showed improved intestinal barrier, evidenced by increased wall thickness, villus height, the villus height to crypt depth ratio, and upregulated mucin-2 expression in ileum. Broilers receiving drinking water containing mixed organic acids had a higher proportion of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as a lower population of Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, the addition of acidifier to drinking water resulted in declined ileal and serum proinflammatory factors level and increased immunoglobulin concentrations in serum. Concerning bone remodeling, acidifier addition was linked to a decrease in serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase reflecting bone resorption, whereas it did not apparently change serum alkaline phosphatase activity that is a bone formation marker. Conclusion: Acidified drinking water increased tibia mineral deposition of broilers, which was probably linked with higher P utilization and decreased bone resorption through improved intestinal integrity and gut microbiota and through decreased systemic inflammation. Objective: Diet acidification supplementation is known to influence intestinal morphology, gut microbiota, and on phosphorus (P) utilization of broilers. Alterations in intestinal barrier and microbiota have been associated with systemic inflammation and thus regulating bone turnover. Hence the effect of acidifier addition to drinking water on tibia mass and the linkages between intestinal integrity and bone were studied.Methods: One-d-old male broilers were randomly assigned to normal water (control) or continuous supply of acidified water (2% the blend of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid, lactic, and phosphoric acid) group with 5 replicates of 10 chicks per replicate for 42 d.Results: Acidification of drinking water improved the ash percentage and calcium content of tibia at 42 d. Broilers receiving acidified water had increased serum P concentration compared to control birds. The acidified group showed improved intestinal barrier, evidenced by increased wall thickness, villus height, the villus height to crypt depth ratio, and upregulated mucin-2 expression in ileum. Broilers receiving drinking water containing mixed organic acids had a higher proportion of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as a lower population of Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, the addition of acidifier to drinking water resulted in declined ileal and serum proinflammatory factors level and increased immunoglobulin concentrations in serum. Concerning bone remodeling, acidifier addition was linked to a decrease in serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase reflecting bone resorption, whereas it did not apparently change serum alkaline phosphatase activity that is a bone formation marker.Conclusion: Acidified drinking water increased tibia mineral deposition of broilers, which was probably linked with higher P utilization and decreased bone resorption through improved intestinal integrity and gut microbiota and through decreased systemic inflammation.

A wireless sensor with data-fusion algorithm for structural tilt measurement

Jian Zhang,Dan Li,Guangwei Zhang,Ziyang Su 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.31 No.3

Tilt is a key indicator of structural safety. Real-time monitoring of tilt responses helps to evaluate structural condition, enable cost-effective maintenance, and enhance lifetime resilience. This paper presents a prototype wireless sensing system for structural tilt measurement. Long range (LoRa) technology is adopted by the sensing system to offer long-range wireless communication with low power consumption. The sensor integrates a gyroscope and an accelerometer as the sensing module. Although tilt can be estimated from the gyroscope or the accelerometer measurements, these estimates suffer from either drift issue or high noise. To address this challenging issue and obtain more reliable tilt results, two sensor fusion algorithms, the complementary filter and the Kalman filter, are investigated to fully exploit the advantages of both gyroscope and accelerometer measurements. Numerical simulation is carried out to validate and compare the sensor fusion algorithms. Laboratory experiment is conducted on a simply supported beam under moving vehicle load to further investigate the performance of the proposed wireless tilt sensing system.

White-light crosslinkable milk protein bioadhesive with ultrafast gelation for first-aid wound treatment

Zhu Qinchao,Zhou Xuhao,Zhang Yanan,Ye Di,Yu Kang,Cao Wangbei,Zhang Liwen,Zheng Houwei,Sun Ziyang,Guo Chengchen,Hong Xiaoqian,Zhu Yang,Zhang Yajun,Xiao Ying,Valencak Teresa G.,Ren Tanchen,Ren Daxi 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background : Post-traumatic massive hemorrhage demands immediately available first-aid supplies with reduced operation time and good surgical compliance. In-situ crosslinking gels that are flexibly adapting to the wound shape have a promising potential, but it is still hard to achieve fast gelation, on-demand adhesion, and wide feasibility at the same time. Methods : A white-light crosslinkable natural milk-derived casein hydrogel bioadhesive is presented for the first time. Benefiting from abundant tyrosine residues, casein hydrogel bioadhesive was synthesized by forming di-tyrosine bonds under white light with a ruthenium-based catalyst. We firstly optimized the concentration of proteins and initiators to achieve faster gelation and higher mechanical strength. Then, we examined the degradation, cytotoxicity, tissue adhesion, hemostasis, and wound healing ability of the casein hydrogels to study their potential to be used as bioadhesives. Result : Rapid gelation of casein hydrogel is initiated with an outdoor flashlight, a cellphone flashlight, or an endoscopy lamp, which facilitates its usage during first-aid and minimally invasive operations. The rapid gelation enables 3D printing of the casein hydrogel and excellent hemostasis even during liver hemorrhage due to section injury. The covalent binding between casein and tissue enables robust adhesion which can withstand more than 180 mmHg blood pressure. Moreover, the casein-based hydrogel can facilitate post-traumatic wound healing caused by trauma due to its biocompatibility. Conclusion : Casein-based bioadhesives developed in this study pave a way for broad and practical application in emergency wound management.

Willingness to Continue Using Knowledge Payment Products Based on Information Adoption Model: The Intermediary Role of Customer Engagement

Zhang, Xi,Liu, Ziyang,Li, Na 한국비즈니스학회 2023 비즈니스융복합연구 Vol.8 No.3

Knowledge payment is an important form of sharing economy. Research on the continuous use willingness of knowledge payment consumers will help to realize the sustainable development of the knowledge payment industry. Based on the information adoption model and the customer engagement theory, the function model of consumers' willingness to continue using knowledge payment is constructed. Data are collected through the questionnaire star platform, and the model and hypothesis are tested by SPSS23.0 and AMOS24.0. The results show that information quality and credibility of information sources have significant positive effects on customer psychological engagement and behavioral engagement; Customer engagement has a significant positive impact on the willingness to continue using knowledge payment; Customer engagement plays an intermediary role between the quality of information and the credibility of information sources and the willingness to pay for continuous use of knowledge. This study emphasizes the importance of information quality, credibility of information sources and customer engagement in influencing consumers' willingness to continue using knowledge payment products, and provides some reference for the knowledge payment platform to develop effective online marketing strategies.

Opportunities and Challenges for the Development of Chinese Intelligent Manufacturing Science and Technology Enterprises with Anti-Globalization“

JINMING ZHANG,ZIYANG LIU(유자양) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2023 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.31 No.1

Solvent Exchange in Controlling Semiconductor Morphology

Zhengran He,Ziyang Zhang,Kyeiwaa Asare-Yeboah,Sheng Bi 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.6

Recent studies in solution processed, small molecular organic semiconductors have reported unparalleled advances in charge carrier mobilities, warranting promising application in organic electronic devices such as organic gas sensors and complimentary circuits. However, the in-solution crystallization of small molecular organic semiconductors has presented specific challenges including crystal misorientation, grain boundary and mobility variation. In this article, we first discuss the effects of these issues on charge transport and highlight the virtues of solvent choices to optimize the semiconductor morphology. Then, we conduct an in-depth review of the miscellaneous solvent exchange methods to effectively palliate these challenges. By discussing various benchmark semiconductor materials such as 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) and perylenetetracarboxyldiimide derivatives (PTCDI-Cn), we demonstrate the solvent exchange-based crystallization methods can modulate supramolecular aggregation, promote nucleation formation, improve semiconductor alignment, change crystal dimensionality, and enhance charge transport. We believe this work provides useful comprehension of employing the solvent exchange methods to powerfully regulate the crystallization, morphology and mobility of organic semiconductors, and thereby casts light on high performance organic electronic applications.

Continuous Chromatographic Processes with a Small Number of Columns: Comparison of Simulated Moving Bed with Varicol, PowerFeed, and ModiCon

Marco Mazzotti,Ziyang Zhang,Massimo Morbidelli 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.21 No.2

The Simulated Moving Bed process and its recent extensions called Varicol, PowerFeed and ModiCon are studied, in the case where a small number of columns are used, i.e. from three to five. A multiobjective optimization approach, using genetic algorithms and a detailed model of the multicolumn chromatographic process, is applied to optimize each process separately, and allow for comparison of the different operating modes. The non-standard SMB processes achieve better performance than SMB, due to the availability of more degrees of freedom in the operating conditions of the process, namely the way to carry out asynchronous switches for Varicol, and the different flow rates and feed concentration during the switching interval for PowerFeed and for ModiCon, respectively. We also consider the possibility of combining two non-standard operating modes in a new hybrid process, and evaluate also in this case the possible performance. Finally, a critical assessment of the results obtained and of the potential for practical implementation of the different techniques is reported.

Effect of Polymer Molecular Weight on Morphology and Charge Transport of Small‑Molecular Organic Semiconductors

Zhengran He,Ziyang Zhang,Sheng Bi,Jihua Chen 대한금속·재료학회 2020 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.16 No.5

The utilization of polymer additives provides an intriguing pathway to tune the electrical performance of solution-grown,small-molecular organic semiconductors. In this study, we report the effect of different polymer molecular weight on thecrystal growth, phase segregation and charge transport of the organic semiconductors. A semicrystalline polymer additivepolyethylene oxide (PEO) with 8000 and 100 K molecular weight was blended with a well-known organic semiconductor6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene). Distinctively different thin film morphology of the resultantTIPS pentacene/PEO blend film was identified and quantitatively characterized. In particular, PEO with a higher molecularweight of 100 K exerted a stronger effect on enhancing film formation, crystal coverage and likely mechanical properties,whereas PEO with an 8000 molecular weight yielded more superior crystal alignment and larger crystal sizes. Bottom-gate,top-contact TIPS pentacene/PEO OTFTs were fabricated to test the charge transport, which indicated loading the PEOpolymer with molecular weight of 8000 demonstrated a five-fold enhancement in the extracted hole mobilities as comparedto the 100 K counterpart. This work of using polymer additives with different molecular weight can be used to tune thecrystallization of other solution-processed high-mobility small-molecular organic semiconductors.

A Biocompatible and Sustainable Anti-ultraviolet Functionalization of Cotton Fabric with Nanocellulose and Chitosan Nanocomposites

Xue Yang,Ziyang Wang,Yongsheng Zhang,Wei Liu 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.11

For improving the ultraviolet (UV) protection property of cotton fabric and exploiting ecological cotton textiles,cotton fabric was modified with a kind of biocompatible and nontoxic of chitosan (CS)/nanocellulose (NCs) nanocompositesusing a pad-dry-cure process. The effect of particle size of NCs on the morphology and property of CS/NCs cotton fabrics werecarefully investigated by SEM, FTIR, and mechanical property, water wettability, UV protection and laundering durabilityanalysis. The results revealed that the CS/NCs coated fabrics performed excellent UV protection ability as well as a goodlaundering durability. The UPF values of all the CS/NCs coated fabrics were much higher than that of untreated fabric evenafter 30 cycles of laundering. Moreover, the particle size of NCs had a negative effect on the UV protection ability of CS/NCscoated fabric. Meanwhile, coated with CS/NCs nanocomposites was benefit to enhance the mechanical property, andhydrophobicity of cotton fabric.