New Insights into mTOR Signal Pathways in Ovarian-Related Diseases: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Ovarian Cancer

Liu, Ai Ling,Liao, Hong Qing,Li, Zhi Liang,Liu, Jun,Zhou, Cui Lan,Guo, Zi Fen,Xie, Hong Yan,Peng, Cui Ying Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.12

mTOR, the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a conserved serine/threonine kinase which belongs to the phosphatidyl-linositol kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family. It has two complexes called mTORC1 and mTORC2. It is well established that mTOR plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Over-activation of the mTOR pathway is considered to have a relationship with the development of many types of diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian cancer (OC). mTOR pathway inhibitors, such as rapamycin and its derivatives, can directly or indirectly treat or relieve the symptoms of patients suffering from PCOS or OC. Moreover, mTOR inhibitors in combination with other chemical-molecular agents may have extraordinary efficacy. This paper will discuss links between mTOR signaling and PCOS and OC, and explore the mechanisms of mTOR inhibitors in treating these two diseases, with conclusions regarding the most effective therapeutic approaches.

Sputum Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Metabolic Pathways and Signatures Associated With Inflammatory Phenotypes in Patients With Asthma

Liu Ying,Zhang Xin,Zhang Li,Oliver Brian G,Wang Hong Guang,Liu Zhi Peng,Chen Zhi Hong,Wood Lisa,Hsu Alan Chen-Yu,Xie Min,McDonald Vanessa,Wan Hua Jing,Luo Feng Ming,Liu Dan,Li Wei Min,Wang Gang 대한천식알레르기학회 2022 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.14 No.4

Purpose: The molecular links between metabolism and inflammation that drive different inflammatory phenotypes in asthma are poorly understood. We aimed to identify the metabolic signatures and underlying molecular pathways of different inflammatory asthma phenotypes. Methods: In the discovery set (n = 119), untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was applied to characterize the induced sputum metabolic profiles of asthmatic patients with different inflammatory phenotypes using orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and pathway topology enrichment analysis. In the validation set (n = 114), differential metabolites were selected to perform targeted quantification. Correlations between targeted metabolites and clinical indices in asthmatic patients were analyzed. Logistic and negative binomial regression models were established to assess the association between metabolites and severe asthma exacerbations. Results: Seventy-seven differential metabolites were identified in the discovery set. Pathway topology analysis uncovered that histidine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism as well as phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were involved in the pathogenesis of different asthma phenotypes. In the validation set, 24 targeted quantification metabolites were significantly expressed between asthma inflammatory phenotypes. Finally, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (adjusted relative risk [adj RR] = 1.000; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.000–1.000; P = 0.050), allantoin (adj RR = 1.000; 95% CI = 1.000–1.000; P = 0.043) and nicotinamide (adj RR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.000–1.002; P = 0.021) were demonstrated to predict severe asthma exacerbation rates. Conclusions: Different inflammatory asthma phenotypes have specific metabolic profiles in induced sputum. The potential metabolic signatures may identify therapeutic targets in different inflammatory asthma phenotypes.

A Study on the Strain Stability of Si/SiGe Layer Structure in a Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor during Thermal Processing

Zhi Hong Liu,Chang Chun Chen,Wen Tao Huang,Wei Zhi Dou,Yi Lin Shan,Wei Zhang,Jun Zhu,Pei Hsin Tsien 대한금속학회 2004 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.10 No.3

Deuterium Clusters Fusion Induced by the Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulse

Hong-Jie, Liu,Zhi-Jian, Zheng,Yu-Qiu, Gu,Bao-Han, Zhang,Yong-Joo, Rhee,Sung-Mo, Nam,Jae-Min, Han,Yong-Woo, Rhee,Kwon-Hae, Yea,Jia-Bin, Chen,Hong-Bin, Wang,Chun-Ye, Jiao,Ying-Ling, He,Tian-Shu, Wen,Xia ALLERTON PRESS INC 2007 CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS Vol.24 No.2

<P>Neutrons (2.45 MeV) from deuterium cluster fusion induced by the intense femtosecond (30 fs) laser pulse are experimentally demonstrated. The average neutron yield 10<SUP>3</SUP> per shot is obtained. It is found that the yield slightly increases with the increasing laser spot size. No neutron can be observed when the laser intensity I < 4.3×10<SUP>15</SUP> W/cm<SUP>2</SUP>.</P>

Studies on the Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) in China

Liu, Wei-Zhi,Liu, Ye,Duan, Yu-Xi,Hong, Quan-Chun,Wang, Ke-Ning Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1995 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.34 No.2

Soybean has been cultivated in China for 5,000 years. The soybean cyst neamtode (SCN), Heterodra glycines, was recongnized in Northeastern China in 1899. Currently, it is known to occur in 12 provinces. The biology of SCN was investigated in several provinces. Six races of SCN were identified (race 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7). About f10,000 soybean germplasm lines were evaluated for their resistance to race 1, 3, 4 and 5 of SCN. At least two black-seeded cultivars are resistant to all four races. Several tolerant soybean cultivars with yellow seed coat were released and are in production. Additional resistant cultivars are being developed. Nematicides were not applied in production Potential biocontrol agents and related aspects are being investigated.

Statistical Optimization of Culture Media and Conditions for Production of Mannan by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Hong-Zhi Liu,Qiang Wang,Yuan-Yuan Liu,Fang Fang 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.5

In view of the increase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan content, the culture medium and condition for S.cerevisiae were optimized in this study. The influence of culture medium ingredients such as carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic ion, and enzyme activator on mannan production were evaluated using factional design. The mathematical model was established by the quadratic rotary combination design through response surface analysis. The optimized concentrations of culture medium were determined as follows: 4.98 g/100 mL, sucrose; 4.39 g/100 mL, soybean peptone; 3.10 g/100 mL, yeast extract; and 2.21 g/100 mL, glycerol. The optimized culture medium increased mannan production from 82.7 ± 3.4 mg/100 mL to 162.53 ± 3.47 mg/100 mL. The influence of original pH, inoculum size, temperature, and media volume on mannan production was evaluated and confirmed by orthogonale experimental design, with the order of effect as follows: media volume > temperature > initial pH > inoculation size. The optimized culture condition was pH, 5; inoculum size, 5 ml; temperature, 32oC; and media volume, 40 mL. The maximum mannan production increased to 258.5 ± 9.1 mg/100 mL at the optimum culture condition.=It was evident that the mannan production was affected significantly by culture medium and condition optimization (é < 0.01). In view of the increase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan content, the culture medium and condition for S.cerevisiae were optimized in this study. The influence of culture medium ingredients such as carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic ion, and enzyme activator on mannan production were evaluated using factional design. The mathematical model was established by the quadratic rotary combination design through response surface analysis. The optimized concentrations of culture medium were determined as follows: 4.98 g/100 mL, sucrose; 4.39 g/100 mL, soybean peptone; 3.10 g/100 mL, yeast extract; and 2.21 g/100 mL, glycerol. The optimized culture medium increased mannan production from 82.7 ± 3.4 mg/100 mL to 162.53 ± 3.47 mg/100 mL. The influence of original pH, inoculum size, temperature, and media volume on mannan production was evaluated and confirmed by orthogonale experimental design, with the order of effect as follows: media volume > temperature > initial pH > inoculation size. The optimized culture condition was pH, 5; inoculum size, 5 ml; temperature, 32oC; and media volume, 40 mL. The maximum mannan production increased to 258.5 ± 9.1 mg/100 mL at the optimum culture condition.=It was evident that the mannan production was affected significantly by culture medium and condition optimization (é < 0.01).

중국 서남 소수민족지역 전통마을의 사례조사에 관한 연구

유지홍(Liu, Zhi-Hong),이종국(Lee, Jong-Kuk) 대한건축학회 2016 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.36 No.2

The earliest settlement of Human civilization is the village. Traditional Village is a major component of the regional culture, and folk customs. Traditional village heritage is typical of the material remains of the village, with strong historical and cultural value, and it is also a strong typical representative. In this study and analysis, the in depth discussion and analysis on the status of the distribution and posting of ethnic minority village in Guangxi. Research indicates: Firstly, the density of traditional villages in Guangxi have obvious differences, the core gathering area is more prominent, and have larger influence of geographical environment factors. Secondly, traditional villages in Guangxi distribution Municipal obvious difference, more number of traditional villages Guilin, Liuzhou, Guangxi Hezhou and other northeastern region published in the National Directory of Traditional Village is more. Analyze and study the problems of their current situation, Put forward reasonable proposals on how traditional villages in minority areas in the future will be effectively protected.

중국 전통마을 세계문화유산 등재 가능성 제고를 위한 평가 지표항목 분석

유지홍(Liu, Zhi-hong),이종국(Lee, Jong-kuk) 한국주거학회 2017 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.29 No.1

The traditional villages is an important part of historical and cultural heritage, it"s a truthful record of the original spatial form. So traditional villages is our precious cultural heritage resources. But assessment is defective, the legacy of the villages are disappearing to the alarming rate, which is caused historical heritage in great losses. In recognition of the necessity of internationally standardized assessment certification for Chinese traditional villages, by reference of the principles and criteria of world cultural heritage for cultural heritage conservation. The research on comparison and analysis of world cultural heritage registration criterion and traditional villages assessment index system identified in China. Therefore, it is considered that the derived assessment index indicators should be considered first when introducing the index items that have the highest possibility of rational comparison and introduction of the assessment Index Indicators by the item related Specialist in the long term. It"s a beneficial exploration on quantitative assessment for world cultural heritage.

유네스코 세계문화유산 등재기준과 중국 전통마을 평가인증 지표체계 비교분석 연구

유지홍(Liu, Zhi-Hong),이종국(Lee, Jong-kuk) 대한건축학회 2017 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.33 No.5

By reference to the principles and criteria of UNESCO world cultural heritage for cultural heritage conservation. The traditional villages are important part of historical and cultural heritage, It"s a truthful record of the traditional architectural style, outstanding architecture, traditional folk customs and the original spatial form. So the traditional villages are precious resources of our cultural heritage. However, due to the weakness of the census block and the deficiency of the resources and assessment, the legacy of the village is disappearing at an alarming rate, which is causes Chinese historical heritage in great loss, Currently, the evaluation and protection of traditional villages have drawn great attention to the relevant departments, National housing and construction office sued a traditional village"s evaluation index system in 2012 and launched a nationwide evaluation of the traditional villages. So objective evaluation of ancient village"s comprehensive value is the basis of correctly protecting and utilizing ancient villages. The research on comparison and analysis of UNESCO world cultural heritage registration criterion and traditional village"s evaluation index system identified in China is a beneficial exploration on quantitative evaluation for UNESCO world cultural heritage.

중국의 전통마을 보전을 위한 평가지표 개발 연구

유지홍(Liu, Zhi-Hong),이종국(Lee, Jong-Kuk) 한국주거학회 2018 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.29 No.2

This study is to establish a reasonable and scientific assessment and certification indicators system by comparing the international standard for assessment (World Cultural Heritage) and the local standard of assessment and certification of Chinese villages. The objectivity of these results will be verified by an expert questionnaire, and finally, the proposed assessment indicators were validated through case application. Through this, we will present an effective indicator system for the sustainable preservation of traditional villages that are compatible with China’s situation. The scope of the research was based on three indicators system that authenticates the traditional villages currently practiced in China and six comparable criteria during the World Heritage Assessment Certification System, which were compared to two specific certification schemes. This study mainly consisted of previous data comparison analysis, expert survey, process construction analysis and system construction, case application and indicator verification, and forecast results to derive problems based on the relevance and need of assessment accreditation indicator items. It is considered necessary to modify and complement the system and detailed assessment index for sustainable preservation of traditional villages in the future. We also hope that this finding will contribute to the subsequent studies on the effective registration and sustainable preservation of the World Heritage sites.