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Zaw, Aung K.,Myat, Aung M.,Thandar, Mya,Htun, Ye M.,Aung, Than H.,Tun, Kyaw M.,Han, Zaw M. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.2
Background: In a wide range of industries, noise-induced hearing loss remains one of the most prevalent occupational problems. This study aimed to assess the noise exposure level and associated factors of hearing loss among textile workers in Yangon Region, Myanmar. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a Textile mill (Thamine), Yangon Region, from April to December 2018. In total, 226 workers who were randomly selected from 3 weaving sections participated in face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. A digital sound level meter and pure-tone audiometer were used for the assessment of noise exposure level and hearing loss, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the associated factors of hearing loss. Results: In total workers, 66.4% were exposed to ≥85 dB(A) of noise exposure, and the prevalence of hearing loss was 25.7%. Age ≥35 years, below high school education, hearing difficulty, tinnitus, hypertension, > 9 years of service duration in a textile mill were positively associated with hearing loss. After adjusting confounding factors, age ≥35 years (adjusted odds ratio = 6.90, 95% confidence interval = 3.45-13.82) and tinnitus (adjusted odds ratio = 2.88, 95% confidence interval = 1.13-7.37) were persistently associated with hearing loss. Conclusion: Providing occupational hazard education and enforcement of occupational safety regulations should be taken to decrease the noise exposure level. The regular audiometry test should be conducted for assessment of hearing threshold shift. The employer needs to implement a hearing conservation program in workplace when noise exposure reaches or exceeds 85 dB(A) for 8 hours.
Zaw Win Min,Ju Young Lee,Kyung-Ae Son,Geon-Jae Im,Su-Myeong Hong 한국응용생명화학회 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.5
Association of official agricultural chemists official method was adapted and used to develop analytical method for determination of 76 pesticides residues in persimmon, grape, and pear by concurrent use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Despite few exceptions in particular matrix, two fortified spiking (100 and 400 ppb) in three matrices gave satisfactory results in terms of accuracy, repeatability, precision, and linearity. Method detection limits (MDLs)were determined using five low spiking and eight replicate samples. MDLs were calculated by multiplying the standard deviation with student t-value 2.998 for n-1 (7) degree of freedom at 99% confident level. limit of quantification were obtained by multiplying standard deviation with 10. Experimental results indicate grape was the most problematic matrix among tested fruits and persimmon the least. Etoxazole is the most problematic pesticide and not applicable in this method. Developed method was successfully applied for the determination of residual pesticides in blindincurred samples.
Cognitive Radio Based Jamming Resilient Multi-channel MAC Protocol for Wireless Network
( Zaw Htike ),( Choong Seon Hong ) 한국정보처리학회 2009 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.16 No.2
Radio jamming attack is the most effective and easiest Denial-of -Service (DOS) attack in wireless network. In this paper, we proposed a multi-channel MAC protocol to mitigate the jamming attacks by using cognitive radio. The Cognitive Radio (CR) technology supports real-time spectrum sensing and fast channel switching. By using CR technologies, the legitimate nodes can perform periodic spectrum sensing to identify jamming free channels and when the jamming attack is detected, it can switch to un-jammed channel with minimum channel switching delay. In our proposed protocol, these two CR technologies are exploited for thwarting the jamming attacks.
The Life Cycle of the Rendezvous Problem of Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
Zaw Htike,Choong Seon Hong,Sungwon Lee 한국정보과학회 2013 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.7 No.2
In cognitive radio or dynamic spectrum access networks, a rendezvous represents meeting two or more users on a common channel, and negotiating to establish data communication. The rendezvous problem is one of the most challenging tasks in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. Generally, this problem is simplified by using two well-known mechanisms: the first uses a predefined common control channel, while the second employs a channel hopping procedure. Yet, these two mechanisms form a life cycle, when they simplify the rendezvous problem in cognitive radio networks. The main purpose of this paper is to point out how and why this cycle forms.
( Zaw Win Min ),( Young Hwan Jeon ),( Jang Eok Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.4
Degradation of thiophosphate fungicide, tolclofos-methyl in the aquatic environment is mainly biotic, whereas both hydrolytic and photolytic breakdowns are slow and of minor importance. Thus, hydrolysis of tolclofos-methyl during Ca(OH)2 treatments, degradation of fungicide tolclofos-methyl by zerovalent iron, and effect of ferric salts during zerovalent iron treatment were investigated. Unannealed zerovalent iron was used as zerovalent iron source. Tolclofos-methyl was found to undergo hydrolysis only at pH level as high as 12 in aqueous solutions, and its degradation in the soil appeared to be achieved only by biotic degradation. Ferric sulfate and ferric chloride were the most effective for degrading tolclofos-methyl by unannealed zerovalent iron in aqueous solution. Order of effectiveness of salts is FeCl3>Fe2(SO4)3 >FeSO4 >Al2(SO4)3; only ferric chloride salts were effective for enhancing tolclofos-methyl degradation in the soil slurry. Degradation rate of tolclofos-methyl in the soil slurry was observed up to 25 and 37% by adding 1 and 3% FeCl3 respectively. It was 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the degradation by unannealed zerovalent iron alone. Enhanced effect of ferric chloride on tolclofos-methyl degradation by unannealed zerovalent iron was retarded when 5% salts was added into soil slurry. Addition of FeCl3 into soil, in the absence of unannealed zerovalent iron, was found to degrade tolclofos-methyl to some extent.