UHPLC–HRMS based saponins profiling of three morphological regions in American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) and their correlation with the antioxidant activity

Yuxin Bai,Guangzhi Cai,Na Guo,Xin Huang,Jiyu Gong,Shu-Ying Liu,Yun-Long Guo,Wei Wang 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.7

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) is used as tonic plant and high-grade nourishment. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS) method was established for identifying the chemical constituent in three morphological regions of American ginseng, including main root (MR), rhizome (RH) and lateral root (LR). The 63 saponins was identified in different morphological regions of 10 American ginseng samples. The chemical maker compounds in corresponding morphological region, while the major compounds of MR (malonyl-ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rd, Rs2 and pseudo-RC1), LR (stipuleanoside R2, ginsenoside Re and malonyl-ginsenoside Rc), and RH (malonyl-ginsenoside Rd, Rb3, and chikusetsu saponin II) were discovered. Correlation analysis showed that 11 compounds were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity of American ginseng.

Outcomes of salvage liver transplant for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Yuxin Guo,Ek-Khoon Tan,Thinesh-Lee Krishnamoorthy,Chee-Kiat Tan,Ban-Hock Tan,Thuan-Tong Tan,Ser-Yee Lee,Chung-Yip Chan,Peng-Chung Cheow,Alexander Y. F. Chung,Prema Raj Jeyaraj,Brian K. P. Goh 한국간담췌외과학회 2019 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.23 No.1

Backgrounds/Aims: Salvage liver transplantation (SLT) is a therapeutic strategy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains controversial with compromised survival outcomes and increased perioperative morbidity compared to primary liver transplant (PLT). In the present work, we describe our institution’s experience on SLT by comparing outcomes of SLT to PLT for HCCs. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted for 49 transplant patients from 2006-2017. A comparative analysis was carried out between 14 SLT patients and 35 PLT patients. Results: SLT patients demonstrated significantly shorter time to recurrence than PLT patients (median=5.5 versus 23 months, p<0.001) with a trend towards increased perioperative major morbidity (42.9% versus 37%, p=0.711), inferior 5-year overall survival (61% versus 75%, p=0.345) and inferior 5-year recurrence-free survival (57% versus 72%, p=0.263). However, overall survival from the point of primary resection over a 10-year period showed no statistical difference between the 2 groups (SLT=60% versus PLT=61%, p=0.685). Conclusions: SLT is a viable treatment strategy for HCCs. However, it exhibited poorer short-term perioperative and oncologic outcomes than PLT. SLT requires better patient selection with liver donor grafts for optimization of resource allocation in this era of organ shortage. Considering the worldwide shortages in liver grafts, it is hypothesized that optimization of a salvage transplant strategy may improve resource allocation and reap optimal patient outcomes.

Repeat liver resection versus salvage liver transplant for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity score-adjusted and -matched comparison analysis

Yuxin Guo,Ek-Khoon Tan,Nicholas L. Syn,Thinesh-Lee Krishnamoorthy,Chee-Kiat Tan,Reina Lim,Ser-Yee Lee,Chung-Yip Chan,Peng-Chung Cheow,Alexander Y. F. Chung,Prema Raj Jeyaraj,Brian K. P. Goh 한국간담췌외과학회 2019 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.23 No.4

Backgrounds/Aims: Repeat liver resection (RLR) and salvage liver transplantation (SLT) are viable treatment options for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With possibly superior survival outcomes than RLR, SLT is however, limited by liver graft availability and poses increased perioperative morbidity. In this study, we seek to compare the outcomes of RLR and SLT for patients with recurrent HCC. Methods: Between 1999 and 2018, 94 and 16 consecutive patients who underwent RLR and SLT respectively were identified. Further retrospective subgroup analysis was conducted, comparing 16 RLR with 16 SLT patients via propensity-score matching. Results: After propensity-score adjusted analyses, SLT demonstrated inferior short-term perioperative outcomes than RLR, with increased major morbidity (57.8% vs 5.4 %, p=0.0001), reoperations (39.1% vs 0, p<0.0001), renal insufficiency (30.1% vs 3%, p=0.0071), bleeding (19.8% vs 2.2%, p=0.0289), prolonged intensive care unit stay (median=4 vs 0 days, p<0.0001) and hospital stay (median= 19.8 vs 7.1days, p<0.001). However, SLT showed significantly lower recurrence rate (15.4% versus 70.3%, p=0.0005) and 5-year cumulative incidence of recurrences (19.4% versus 68.4%, p=0.005). Propensity-matched subgroup analysis showed concordant findings. Conclusions: While SLT offers potentially reduced risks of recurrence and trended towards improved long-term survival outcomes relative to RLR, it has poorer short-term perioperative outcomes. Patient selection is prudent amidst organ shortages to maximise allocated resources and optimise patient outcomes.

The Effects of Soil Water Retention for Meadow Degradation at Wugong Mountain

Yuxin Liu,Zhi Li,Dekui Niu,Xiaomin Guo,Wenyuan Zhang,Keyin Sheng,Jianbo Tang,Jing Zhao 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Effect of Zinc on Growth Performance, Gut Morphometry, and Cecal Microbial Community in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Yuxin Shao,Zhao Lei,Jianmin Yuan,Ying Yang,Yuming Guo,Bingkun Zhang 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.12

To evaluate the effects of supplemental zinc on growth performance,gut morphometry, and the cecal microbial communityin broilers challenged with Salmonella typhimurium,180, 1-day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomlyassigned to 3 treatments with ten replicates for a 42 day experiment. The 3 treatments were: unchallenged, S. typhimurium-challenged, and S. typhimurium-challenged with 120mg/kg of zinc supplementation in the diet. Salmonella infectioncaused a reduction in body-weight gain and feed intake,disrupted the intestinal structure by decreasing thevillus-height/crypt-depth ratio of the ileum and increasingthe apoptotic index of ileal epithelial cells. Moreover, thececal microbial community was altered by Salmonella infection,as demonstrated by a reduced number of Lactobacillusand total bacteria. Dietary zinc supplementation improvedgrowth performance by increasing the body-weight gainand feed intake in the challenged broilers. In addition, zincrepaired intestinal injury by reducing the apoptotic index ofileal epithelial cells, enhancing villus height and the villusheight/crypt-depth ratio of the ileum, and the proliferationindex of ileal epithelial cells. Finally, zinc regulated the cecalmicrobial community by increasing the number of total bacteriaand beneficial Lactobacillus bacteria, and reducing thenumber of Salmonella. The results indicated that dietaryzinc supplementation improved growth performance, intestinalmorphology, and intestinal microbiota in S. typhimurium-challenged broilers.

Volume Compatibility of Interlayer Treatment Materials with Roller-Compacted Concrete

Xiaoliang Zhu,Yuxin Gao,Wenjing Song,Jingjing Xu,Chengyang Li,Zhaoheng Guo,Fang Chen,Rui Zhang 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.3

Interlayer is the weakest plane of the entire roller-compacted concrete (RCC) structure and is easily deteriorated under the pressure of water and other environmental factors. Shearing force induced by the different shrinkage in interlayer part is the main reason for that poor performance of the RCC. In this paper, the deformation of RCC concrete and interlayer treatment mortar with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs, including fly ash and silica fume) and double expansive resources admixtures (HME, containing calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) and CaO) were studied. Deformation of concrete (produced RCC) and interlayer treatment materials was modeled and compared. Porosity characters of interlayer treatment materials and water absorption of interlayer-treated RCC samples were tested. Results showed that the HME significantly reduced the shrinkage of mortar and the deformation difference degree between layers was shortened. Modified interlayer treatment materials with HME could modify the macroscopic properties of RCC, the low porosity of interlayer and water absorption of interlayer-treated RCC was resulted. The suitable HME content is necessary in interlayer treatment materials and which could improve the performance of RCC.

Structural configurations and dynamic performances of flexible riser with distributed buoyancy modules based on FEM simulations

Chen Weimin,Guo Shuangxi,Li Yilun,Gai Yuxin,Shen Yijun 대한조선학회 2021 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.13 No.1

Flexible risers are usually used as conveying systems to bring ocean resources from sea bed up to onshore. Under ocean environments, risers need to bear complex loads and it is crucial to comprehensively examine riser's configurations and to analyze structural dynamic performances under excitation of bottom vehicle motions, to guarantee structural safe operation and required service lives. In this study, considering a saddle-shaped riser, the influences of some important design parameters, including installation position of buoyancy modules, buoyancy ratio and motion of mining vehicle, on riser's configuration and response are carefully examined. Through our FEM simulations, the spatial distributions of structural tensions and curvatures along of riser length, under different configurations, are compared. Then, the impacts of mining vehicle motion on riser dynamic response are discussed, and structural tolerance performance is assessed. The results show that modules installation position and buoyancy ratio have significant impacts on riser configurations. And, an appropriate riser configuration is obtained through comprehensive analysis on the modules positions and buoyancy ratios. Under this proposed configuration, the structural tension and curvature could moderately change with buoyancy modules and bottom-end conditions, in other words, the proposed saddle-shaped riser has a good tolerance performance to various load excitations.

The hypothetical cuticular protein, CPH19, is involved in cuticle formation during molt of silkworm Bombyx mori

Zhao Chenyue,Huang Qunxia,Qian Yuxin,Zhao Xuhui,Guo Shigang,Kan Yunchao,Li Dandan 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.3

The cuticle supports the insect body and serves as a protective barrier against pathogens and pesticides. We found that the gene CPH19, encoding the hypothetical cuticular protein 19 (CPH19) of the silkworm Bombyx mori, was highly expressed in the cuticle during larval molt. Injection of CPH19 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into the hemolymph of 2-day-old third instar larvae (2dLa3) accelerated insect molting at the La3-La4 and La4-La5 transitions. Nevertheless, the larvae injected with CPH19 dsRNA had difficulty shedding their cuticle and suffered from molt defects, and their exuviae were larger and heavier than those of the control group. Morphological comparison of the exuviae between CPH19 dsRNA-injected and control larvae showed that the exocuticle-endocuticle layer was thicker in the former. The effect of CPH19 dsRNA injection on gene expression was further investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase-chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Surprisingly, the mRNA levels of CPH19 and other CP genes such as CPH18, CPH20, CPR69, CPR96, CPR97, CPR98 and CPR100, as well as chitinase genes such as chs-2 and chsA, were significantly increased in the CPH19 dsRNA-injected insects compared to the control. Bioinformatic predictions and luciferase assay analyses identified a proximal promoter near the transcription start site of CPH19 with strong transcriptional activity that may be involved in an RNAbased promoter targeting mechanism mediated by small activating RNAs (saRNAs). Treatment with the insec ticide decamethrin revealed that CPH19 dsRNA-injected larvae were more resistant to insecticides than control larvae, which could be exploited for the development of new pest control strategies.

m6A writer gene fl(2)d regulates the metamorphosis of silkworm Bombyx mori

Huang Qunxia,Huo Chunyue,Qian Yuxin,Zhao Chenyue,Cai Zhiyan,Zhang Kun,Zhao Xuhui,Guo Shigang,Kan Yunchao,Li Dandan 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most abundant posttranscriptional modifications on RNAs, which is mediated by its effector proteins—writers, readers, and erasers. Female-Lethal(2)D (Fl(2)d) is one of the key writers to stabilize the interaction between another two writers Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14). Here with dsRNA transfection, fl(2)d was knocked down in the BmN4 cell lines of silkworm, the expression of 61 genes were significantly increased, and 86 genes were significantly decreased after fl(2)d repression, which encoded proteins related to catalytic, hydrolase activity or in metabolism of nucleic acid. To elucidate the functional role of fl(2)d during silkworm development, dsRNA of which was injected into the hemolymph of the 2-d-old fourth instar larvae, the mounting process of silkworm was delayed, the expression level of genes in metabolism, RNA processing and ecdysone signaling pathway decreased significantly after fl(2)d knockdown, such as genes encoded Ubiquitin protein ligase E3C, the nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96, and the m6A reader YTHDF3, as well as Broad Complex isoform 2 (BRC-Z2), Fushi Tarazu Factor-1 (FTZ-F1), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the ecdysone-induced protein 74EF isoform A (E74A). Total m6A level of RNAs also decreased after fl(2)d repression. These indicated that decreased level of fl (2)d and YTHDF3 decay the m6A level and translation of their target genes, which might lead to the retardation of metamorphosis, and resulted in the delayed mounting of silkworm.

Auditory Feature Driven Model Predictive Control for Sound Source Approaching

Zhiqing Wang,Wei Zou,Hongxuan Ma,Chi Zhang,Yuxin Guo,Wei Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2

Sound source approaching is a typical task for the robot with auditory sensing. Many existing methods are based on sound source localization (SSL), and utilize the explicit location as the control input. To reduce the localization computation cost and improve the robustness against noise and reverberation, we propose a novel auditory feature driven model predictive control (AFD-MPC) method, which directly uses the auditory feature as the control input. First, a new convolution-ternarization based interaural time difference (CT-ITD) estimation method is proposed, which is more robust to noise and reverberation by eliminating signal spikes and irrelevant components. Second, a new system model is derived and established, which directly links the robot motions and the interaural time difference (ITD) feature. Third, AFD-MPC is realized based on the proposed CT-ITD feature estimation and system model. The states at multiple future time steps are predicted based on the system model, and a control objective function considering both target approaching and motion smoothness is designed. By involving the multi-step future states in the control objective function, the control outcome is more smooth on motion trajectory and more robust to instantaneous interferences. A series of experiments such as static and dynamic sound source approaching are conducted on a mobile robot equipped with a small-sized 6-microphone array to validate the effectiveness of our methods.