A Tuberculosis Detection Method Using Attention and Sparse R-CNN

Xuebin Xu,Jiada Zhang,Xiaorui Cheng,Longbin Lu,Yuqing Zhao,Zongyu Xu,Zhuangzhuang Gu 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.7

To achieve accurate detection of tuberculosis (TB) areas in chest radiographs, we design a chest X-ray TB area detection algorithm. The algorithm consists of two stages: the chest X-ray TB classification network (CXTCNet) and the chest X-ray TB area detection network (CXTDNet). CXTCNet is used to judge the presence or absence of TB areas in chest X-ray images, thereby excluding the influence of other lung diseases on the detection of TB areas. It can reduce false positives in the detection network and improve the accuracy of detection results. In CXTCNet, we propose a channel attention mechanism (CAM) module and combine it with DenseNet. This module enables the network to learn more spatial and channel features information about chest X-ray images, thereby improving network performance. CXTDNet is a design based on a sparse object detection algorithm (Sparse R-CNN). A group of fixed learnable proposal boxes and learnable proposal features are using for classification and location. The predictions of the algorithm are output directly without non-maximal suppression post-processing. Furthermore, we use CLAHE to reduce image noise and improve image quality for data preprocessing. Experiments on dataset TBX11K show that the accuracy of the proposed CXTCNet is up to 99.10%, which is better than most current TB classification algorithms. Finally, our proposed chest X-ray TB detection algorithm could achieve AP of 45.35% and AP50 of 74.20%. We also establish a chest X-ray TB dataset with 304 sheets. And experiments on this dataset showed that the accuracy of the diagnosis was comparable to that of radiologists. We hope that our proposed algorithm and established dataset will advance the field of TB detection.

CT-Based Radiomics Signature for Preoperative Prediction of Coagulative Necrosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Xu Kai,Liu Lin,Li Wenhui,Sun Xiaoqing,Shen Tongxu,Pan Feng,Jiang Yuqing,Guo Yan,Ding Lei,Zhang Mengchao 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.6

Objective: The presence of coagulative necrosis (CN) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) indicates a poor prognosis, while the absence of CN indicates a good prognosis. The purpose of this study was to build and validate a radiomics signature based on preoperative CT imaging data to estimate CN status in ccRCC. Materials and Methods: Altogether, 105 patients with pathologically confirmed ccRCC were retrospectively enrolled in this study and then divided into training (n = 72) and validation (n = 33) sets. Thereafter, 385 radiomics features were extracted from the three-dimensional volumes of interest of each tumor, and 10 traditional features were assessed by two experienced radiologists using triple-phase CT-enhanced images. A multivariate logistic regression algorithm was used to build the radiomics score and traditional predictors in the training set, and their performance was assessed and then tested in the validation set. The radiomics signature to distinguish CN status was then developed by incorporating the radiomics score and the selected traditional predictors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive performance. Results: The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the radiomics score, which consisted of 7 radiomics features, was 0.855 in the training set and 0.885 in the validation set. The AUC of the traditional predictor, which consisted of 2 traditional features, was 0.843 in the training set and 0.858 in the validation set. The radiomics signature showed the best performance with an AUC of 0.942 in the training set, which was then confirmed with an AUC of 0.969 in the validation set. Conclusion: The CT-based radiomics signature that incorporated radiomics and traditional features has the potential to be used as a non-invasive tool for preoperative prediction of CN in ccRCC.

Effect of Adding Surfactant for Transforming Lignocellulose into Fermentable Sugars during Biocatalysing

Yuqing Zhang,Xuemin Xu,Yuyuan Zhang,Jianfa Li 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5

Fuel ethanol is one of the most important alternative fuels used as a substitute for fossil fuel. Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass resource for the production of fuel ethanol. However, the hydrolysis of lignocellulose requires high enzyme loading. In order to strengthen the process of enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulose,surfactant-polyethylene glycol (PEG) was applied to the catalysis of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars. The effect of PEG on both the enzymatic hydrolysis and adsorption of cellulose were investigated. The addition of surfactant obviously facilitated enzymatic hydrolysis. In particular, upon addition of PEG4000, the enzyme catalytic efficiency increased by 51.06%. Meanwhile,the adsorption quantity of cellulase decreased by 11.25%. In addition, the mechanism of the effect of PEG on enzymatic hydrolysis and cellulase adsorption is discussed.

Purification of ginseng rare sapogenins 25-OH-PPT and its hypoglycemic, antiinflammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms

Jing Xu,Hairong Liu,Guangyue Su,Meng Ding,Wei Wang,Jincai Lu,Xiuli Bi,Yuqing Zhao 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.1

Background: Panax ginseng Meyer has been used as a nourishing edible herb in East Asia for thousands of years. 25-OH-PPT was first discovered as a natural rare triterpenoid saponin in ginseng stems and leaves by our group. Research found that it showed strong inhibitory effects on a-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, and protected cardiocytes (H9c2) through PI3K/Akt pathway. Methods: In the research, in order to optimize the 25-OH-PPT enrichment process, optimal macroporous resins and optimal purification conditions were studied. Meanwhile, the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of 25-OH-PPT were evaluated by using STZ to establish insulin-dependent diabetic mice and the spontaneous type 2 diabetes DB/DB mice. Results and Conclusion: Research found that 25-OH-PPT can reduce blood glucose and enhance glucose tolerance in STZ model mice. It increases insulin sensitivity by upregulating GLUT4 and AMPK in skeletal muscle, and activating insulin signaling pathways. In DB/DB mice, 25-OH-PPT achieves hypoglycemic effects mainly by activating the insulin signaling pathway. Meanwhile, through the influence of liver inflammatory factors and lipids in serum, it can be seen that 25-OH-PPT has obvious anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering effects. These results provide new insights into the study of ginseng as a functional food.

Loading capacity evaluation of composite box girder with corrugated webs and steel tube slab

Jun He,Yuqing Liu,Xiaoqing Xu,Laibin Li 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.50 No.4

This paper presents a type of composite box girder with corrugated webs and concrete filled steel tube slab to overcome cracking on the web and reduce self-weight. Utilizing corrugated steel web improves the efficiency of prestressing introduced into the top and bottom slabs due to the accordion effect. In order to understand the loading capacity of such new composite structure, experimental and numerical analyses were conducted. A full-scale model was loaded monotonically to investigate the deflection, straindistribution, loading capacity and stiffness during the whole process. The experimental results show that test specimen has enough loading capacity and ductility. Based on experimental works, a finite element (FE) model was established. The load-displacement curves and stress distribution predicted by FE model agreewell with that obtained from experiments, which demonstrates the accuracy of proposed FE model. Moreover, simplified theoretical analysis was conducted depending on the assumptions which were confirmed by the experimental and numerical results. The simplified analysis results are identical with the tested and numerical results, which indicate that simplified analytical model can be used to predict the loading capacity of such composite girder accurately. All the findings of present study may provide reference for the application of such structure in bridge construction.

Optimization of impedance boundarycontrolled casing treatment on subsonic compressors

Dakun Sun,Yuqing Wang,Jia Li,Zihan Shen,ChunWang Geng,Xu Dong,Xiaoyu Wang,Xiaofeng Sun 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.5

Foam-metal casing treatment (FMCT) has the potential to enhance the stall margin while attenuating the broadband noise of compressors. An optimized structure of FMCT backed with an air gap was developed in this study with the basis of a prediction model. The eigenvalue theory with a linear perturbation assumption was employed to judge the stability of the compression system, where the casing treatment was considered as an impedance boundary condition. The effect of this kind of casing treatment on the compression system is introduced through the equivalent surface source method. The transfer element method was applied to match the relations between perturbation parameters on the surface of each section. Prediction results showed that the double-layer configuration has better stall margin improving ability, with experimental results on the steady characteristics confirming a 39.5 % stall margin improvement. The mechanism of exerting damping on the system and thus suppressing stall precursors was proved.

Gene Targeting Using Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

Fuliang Du,Jie Xu,Jifeng Zhang,Xiuchun Tian,Xiangzhong Yang,Yuqing E. Chen 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2007 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.1

Shear stiffness of headed studs on structural behaviors of steel-concrete composite girders

Jun He,Zhaofei Lin,Yuqing Liu,Xiaoqing Xu,Haohui Xin,Sihao Wang 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.36 No.5

Steel-concrete composite structures have been extensively used in building, bridges, and other civil engineering infrastructure. Shear stud connectors between steel and concrete are essential in composite members to guarantee the effectiveness of their behavior in terms of strength and deformability. This study focuses on investigating the shear stiffness of headed studs embedded in several types of concrete with wide range of compressive strength, and their effects on the elastic behavior of steel-concrete composite girders were evaluated. Firstly, totally 206 monotonic push-out tests from the literature were reviewed to investigate the shear stiffness of headed studs embedded in various types of concrete (NC, HPC, UHPC etc.). Shear stiffness of studs is defined as the secant stiffness of the load-slip curve at 0.5Vu, and a formulation for predicting defined shear stiffness in elastic state was proposed, indicating that the stud diameter and the elastic modulus of steel and concrete are the main factors. And the shear stiffness predicted by the new formula agree well with test results for studs with a diameter ranging from 10 to 30 mm in the concrete with compressive strength ranging from 22.0 to 200.0MPa. Then, the effects of shear stiffness on the elastic behaviors of composite girders with different sizes and under different loading conditions were analyzed, the equations for calculating the stress and deformation of simply supported composite girders considering the influence of connection’s shear stiffness were derived under different loading conditions using classical linear partial-interaction theory. As the increasing of shear stiffness, the stress and deflection at the most unfavorable section under partial connected condition tend to be those under full connected condition, but the approaching speed decreases gradually. Finally, the connector’s shear stiffness was recommended for fully connection in composite girders with different dimensions under different loading conditions. The findings from present study may provide a reference for the prediction of shear stiffness for headed studs and the elastic design of steel-concrete composite girder.

Loading capacity evaluation of composite box girder with corrugated webs and steel tube slab

He, Jun,Liu, Yuqing,Xu, Xiaoqing,Li, Laibin Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.50 No.4

This paper presents a type of composite box girder with corrugated webs and concrete filled steel tube slab to overcome cracking on the web and reduce self-weight. Utilizing corrugated steel web improves the efficiency of prestressing introduced into the top and bottom slabs due to the accordion effect. In order to understand the loading capacity of such new composite structure, experimental and numerical analyses were conducted. A full-scale model was loaded monotonically to investigate the deflection, strain distribution, loading capacity and stiffness during the whole process. The experimental results show that test specimen has enough loading capacity and ductility. Based on experimental works, a finite element (FE) model was established. The load-displacement curves and stress distribution predicted by FE model agree well with that obtained from experiments, which demonstrates the accuracy of proposed FE model. Moreover, simplified theoretical analysis was conducted depending on the assumptions which were confirmed by the experimental and numerical results. The simplified analysis results are identical with the tested and numerical results, which indicate that simplified analytical model can be used to predict the loading capacity of such composite girder accurately. All the findings of present study may provide reference for the application of such structure in bridge construction.

Investigation on Texture, Magnetic Properties and Inhomogeneities of Hot Deformed Nd–Fe–B Magnet

Hongjian Li,Qiong Wu,Ming Yue,Xiaochang Xu,Yuqing Li,Jingming Liang,Wang Xi,Jiuxing Zhang 한국자기학회 2018 Journal of Magnetics Vol.23 No.3

The anisotropic hot deformed nanocyrstalline Nd.Fe.B magnet was prepared by spark plasma sintering technique using MQU-F powders. The location dependence along radial direction on the magnetic properties, microstructure and crystal alignment of the hot deformed magnet have been investigated. The inhomogeneity of the magnetic performance along radial direction was revealed with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The crystal structure and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. In addition, quantitative texture analysis was carried out based on the electron backscattered diffraction technique (EBSD). The experimental results reveal that the coordination of grain size and orientation of Nd.Fe.B grains leads to the inhomogeneities of magnetic performance.