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Yu Kyong Woo,Hyunbin Jang,Hae Rim Kim,Jae-Kwan Hwang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Sarcopenia, characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function with aging, leads to disability and mortality. It is well known that black rice (Oryza sativa L.) and black soybean (Rhynchosia nulubilis) possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Black rice and black soybean extract mixture (RSEM) in the ratio of 1:4 (w/w) conferred a preventive effect on muscle atrophy in vitro. In this study, we further investigated the inhibitory effect of RSEM on sarcopenia in aged C57BL/6J mice. RSEM notably increased the weights of gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissues as well as the cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius. In addition, RSEM upregulated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, thereby activating the protein synthesis. Conversely, RSEM downregulated Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) mediated muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) and muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1) by blocking the nuclear translocation of FoxO3. Overall, RSEM is a promising ingredient for preventing or recovering muscle atrophy caused by sarcopenia.
Yu Kyong Woo,Jae-Kwan Hwang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Muscle atrophy, usually occurred by physical inactivity, illness and aging, induces muscle mass degradation. Agastache rugosa Kuntze has several biological activities including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-photoaging. However, its effect on skeletal muscle has not yet been reported. In this study, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was used to induce muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. Agastache rugosa extract (ARE) increased the expression of MyoD, myogenin, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) which are related to myogenic differentiation. Additionally, ARE recovered the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway which are involved in protein synthesis. Conversely, ARE reduced the protein degradation related genes, muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) and muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1) which are generated by nuclear translocation of forkhead box O3 (FoxO3). Furthermore, ARE downregulated TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expression via NF-κB pathway. Overall, ARE may have potential as a functional material by preventing muscle atrophy.
Inhibitory Effect of Tilianin on Muscle Atrophy through the PI3K/Akt Pathway in C2C12 Myotubes
Yu Kyong Woo,Jae-Kwan Hwang 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Muscle atrophy, defined as the loss of muscle mass and function, is usually caused by disability, disease, and aging. Tilianin is a flavonoid glycoside compound found in herbal plants such as Agastache rugosa, Dracocephalum moldavica, and Lygodium japonicumm. Tilianin has a variety of biological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetes. In this study, preventive effect of tilianin on muscle atrophy was examined in C2C12 myotubes treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Tilianin not only upregulated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway for muscle hypertrophy but downregulated the muscle atrophy related genes, muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) and muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1) by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of the forkhead box O3 (FoxO3). Tilianin also inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, tilianin regulated muscle differentiation by activating MyoD, myogenin and myosin heavy chain (MHC). Collectively, tiliainin could be used as a natural agent to prevent muscle atrophy.
Monte Carlo Simulation of X-ray Source Characteristics Using MCPETS and MCNPX Codes for Mammography
E.Yu. Flegontova,Kwon-Ha Yoon,Jung Gon Park,Ki-Yong Nam,Kwon Su Chon,Kyong-Woo Kim,L. A. Bakaleinikov 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.I
A new code for efficient Monte Carlo simulation of X-ray emission from thick anodes irradiated by a monochromatic electron beam is described. To verify the code, we simulated the spectra of molybdenum and tungsten targets and compared the results to the reference data and to the results obtained with the MCNPX code. Then, the spectra of an X-ray tube with a tungsten anode supplemented with various filters were simulated with the developed code. The goal was to find the optimal values of the tube voltage and the filter thickness in order to increase the relative number of outgoing photons within the energy interval of 18 -- 25 keV. Our simulation shows that in the case of hundreds of $\mu$m thick filters, the total number of photons for a Ag filter is approximately twice that for a Rh filter. Having ascertained these characteristics, one can choose an appropriate filter for special case of X-ray systems.
Kim, Kyong,Song, Won Kyung,Chong, Woo Suk,Yu, Chang Ho IOS Press 2018 Technology and health care Vol.26 No.1
<P>The body-weight support (BWS) function, which helps to decrease load stresses on a user, is an effective tool for gait and balance rehabilitation training for elderly people with weakened lower-extremity muscular strength, hemiplegic patients, etc. This study conducts structural analysis to secure user safety in order to develop a rail-type gait and balance rehabilitation training system (RRTS). The RRTS comprises a rail, trolley, and brain-machine interface. The rail (platform) is connected to the ceiling structure, bearing the loads of the RRTS and of the user and allowing locomobility. The trolley consists of a smart drive unit (SDU) that assists the user with forward and backward mobility and a body-weight support (BWS) unit that helps the user to control his/her body-weight load, depending on the severity of his/her hemiplegia. The brain-machine interface estimates and measures on a real-time basis the body-weight (load) of the user and the intended direction of his/her movement. Considering the weight of the system and the user, the mechanical safety performance of the system frame under an applied 250-kg static load is verified through structural analysis using ABAQUS (6.14-3) software. The maximum stresses applied on the rail and trolley under the given gravity load of 250 kg, respectively, are 18.52 MPa and 48.44 MPa. The respective safety factors are computed to be 7.83 and 5.26, confirming the RRTS’s mechanical safety. An RRTS with verified structural safety could be utilized for gait movement and balance rehabilitation and training for patients with hemiplegia.</P>
Tacrolimus를 근간으로 한 면역억제제를 복용하는 장이식 환자에서 이식 후 새로 발생한 당뇨병의 위험인자
허우성 ( Woo Seong Huh ),최유경 ( Yu Kyong Choi ),김예지 ( Ye Jee Kim ),최남경 ( Nam Kyong Choi ),김민영 ( Min Young Kim ),백나나 ( Na Na Baek ),염지연 ( Ji Youn Youm ),이정은 ( Jung Eun Lee ),김대중 ( Dae Joong Kim ),김윤구 ( Yoo 대한신장학회 2010 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.29 No.6
Purpose: This study was conducted to identify risk factors for new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) among renal transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus-based immunosuppressant. Methods: We selected renal transplant recipients who underwent surgery at Samsung Seoul Hospital between May 2001 and July 2009. Exclusion criteria were as follows: recipients <18 years old, history of diabetes mellitus (DM) or impaired glucose tolerance. Analysis of possible risk factors for NODAT included age, gender, body mass index, co-morbid diseases, family history of DM, infection of hepatitis B or polyomavirus, type of donors (cadaver or living) and acute rejection. Overall incidence and median value of NODAT onset day were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curve. We calculated crude incidence rate and relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for independent risk factors of NODAT using Cox proportional hazard analysis. Results: A total of 278 patients were included and the incidence of NODAT was 13.3% (5.6/100 person-year) and the median duration of NODAT onset was 28 days. In Cox analysis, risk factors for NODAT were age (45-59 years: RR=1.41, 95% CI 1.09-1.83, 60> years: RR=4.36, 95% CI 2.00-9.49), family history of DM (RR=1.62, 95% CI 1.12-2.34) and polyomavirus infection (RR=1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.81). Conclusion: The risk factors for NODAT among renal transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus- based regimen were age (>45 years old), family history of DM and polyomavirus infection.