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A Study on Bandgap Reference Circuit With Leakage-Based PTAT Generation
Ji, Youngwoo,Kim, Byungsub,Park, Hong-June,Sim, Jae-Yoon IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on very large scale integration Vol.26 No.11
<P>This paper presents detailed analyses on leakage-based bandgap reference (BGR) circuit for ultralow-power applications. Design considerations for power supply rejection ratio and noise characteristics are provided with pole/zero analysis. Startup settling issue is also discussed with measurements. For verification, a test BGR circuit is implemented in a 0.18- <TEX>$\mu \text{m}$</TEX> CMOS technology. The standard deviation of proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) voltages measured from 20 chips is 1.15% at 30 °C. The BGR also uses two PTAT voltages to reduce the resistance for complementary-to-absolute-temperature generation, hence alleviating the tradeoff limitation between power consumption and area cost. With an active area of 0.056 mm<SUP>2</SUP>, the BGR consumes 19 nW at room temperature. Measurements from 20 chips show a standard deviation of 0.54% at 30 °C without any trimming, a temperature dependence of 143 ppm/°C and a line regulation of 2.4%/V.</P>
Ji-Hyun Yeom,Eunkyoung Shin,Hanyong Jin,Haifeng Liu,Yongyang Luo,Youngwoo Nam,Minkyung Ryu,Wooseok Song,Heeyoun Chi,Jeongkyu Kim,Kangseok Lee,Jeehyeon Bae 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-
Antibodies are being increasingly used for therapeutic purposes due to their remarkable target specificityand affinity. However, currently available antibody therapies are restricted to target proteins in the outercell membrane or in the extracellular fluids because of the lack of technologies for effective intracellulardelivery of antibodies. Here, we report an efficient and versatile intracellular antibody delivery system. This system is based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with DNA aptamers (Apt) against theFc region of IgG (AuNP-AptIgG), allowing to load any antibodies onto the AuNP-AptIgG by simple mixing. This AuNP-AptIgG-Ab platform was effective for cytosolic delivery of antibodies to clinically importantmutant proteins via scavenger receptors and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Specifically, cancer cellsexpressing BRAFV600E, a variant of BRAF identified in numerous types of cancers, exhibited reduced cellviability by 70% when BRAFV600E antibodies were intracellularly delivered using the AuNP-AptIgG(AuNP-AptIgG-aBRAFV600E). In addition, subcutaneous injection of AuNP-AptIgG-aBRAFV600E into in vivoxenografted melanoma tumors expressing BRAFV600E resulted in both inhibition of proliferation andinduction of apoptosis, leading to tumor regression in mice. Thus, our findings indicate that the AuNPAptIgG-Ab system can serve as a promising platform for effective intracellular delivery of antibodies fortherapeutic purposes.
이지호 ( Ji-ho Lee ),김승현 ( Seung-hyun Kim ),정창규 ( Chang-gyu Jung ),최영우 ( Youngwoo Choi ),박해심 ( Hae-sim Park ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2018 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.6 No.3
Primary immunodeficiency in adults is thought to be underestimated in Korea. IgG subclass deficiency, defined as a deficiency at least among the 4 subtypes of IgG subclass, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, results in recurrent infections, in which IgG3 subclass deficiency (IgGSD) is the most commonly found in adult asthmatic patients. Herein, we report 2 cases of familial IgG3SD. In family 1, a female patient aged 17 years with allergic rhinitis (AR) had recurrent upper respiratory infections (URIs), and gastroenteritis. Her mother aged 50 with AR had recurrent URI, otitis media, urinary tract infection, gastroenteritis, and oral ulcer. A younger sister aged 9 years with AR and asthma had recurrent URI almost all the year round. The serum IgA level was found to be lower than the normal level in her mother and the patient, and IgG3 was decreased in the patient and her sister. The IgG3 level of mother showed within the lower normal limit. In family 2, the mother aged 39 years with nonallergic rhinitis had recurrent URI and oral ulcer. Her son aged 16 years and daughter aged 13 years with AR and asthma had recurrent URI, resulting in uncontrolled asthma. Family 2 was found to be IgG3 deficiency in mother and son, and IgA deficiency in son. The IgG3 level of daughter was within the lower normal level. Mother and the first daughter in family 1 as well as mother and son in family 2 was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, and their recurrent URI reduced. We reported 2 cases of familial IgG3SD. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2018;6:184-187)
A 62.6-pJ/Conversion Temperature Sensor with a Capacitor Voltage Division
Bumjin Park,Youngwoo Ji,Jae-Yoon Sim 대한전자공학회 2021 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.21 No.1
This paper presents an ultra-low-power temperature sensor that detects the temperature with a leakage-based bandgap circuit and converts it with an asynchronous SAR ADC. The implemented temperature sensor consumes 487 ㎺ at 20℃ with an energy efficiency of 62.6 pJ/conversion. A 1-point and 2-point calibrations show peak-to-peak inaccuracies of -3.43/+2.77 ℃ and -1.63/+1.63℃, respectively, in a temperature range of -30-to-100 ℃. The supply sensitivity is 0.61 ℃/V at 20 ℃.
Stem Cell and Exosome Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension
Seyeon Oh,Ji-Hye Jung,Kyung-Jin Ahn,Albert Youngwoo Jang,Kyunghee Byun,Phillip C. Yang,Wook-Jin Chung 대한심장학회 2022 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.52 No.2
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare and progressive illness with a devastating prognosis. Promising research efforts have advanced the understanding and recognition of the pathobiology of pulmonary hypertension. Despite remarkable achievements in terms of improving the survival rate, reducing disease progression, and enhancing quality of life, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is not completely curable. Therefore, an effective treatment strategy is still needed. Recently, many studies of the underlying molecular mechanisms and technological developments have led to new approaches and paradigms for PAH treatment. Management based on stem cells and related paracrine effects, epigenetic drugs and gene therapies has yielded prospective results for PAH treatment in preclinical research. Further trials are ongoing to optimize these important insights into clinical circumstances.
Hoejeong Chung,Youngwoo Kim,Incheol Kook,Ji Woong Kwak,Kyu-Tae Hwang 대한정형외과학회 2024 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.16 No.2
Background: Femoral neck fractures need to be treated in their early stages with accurate reduction and stable fixation to reduce complications. The authors compared the early radiologic outcomes of femoral neck fractures treated with the recently introduced Femoral Neck System (FNS, Depuy-Synthes) with conventional cannulated screws (CS) in a multicenter design. Furthermore, the factors associated with early failure after FNS were analyzed. Methods: The FNS group included 40 patients treated between June 2019 and January 2020, and the CS group included 65 patients treated between January 2015 and May 2019. The operation was performed in 3 university hospitals. Patient demographics, fracture classification, postoperative reduction quality, sliding distance of FNS or CS, union and time to union, and complication rates were examined. Logistic regression analysis was performed on candidate factors for early failure of the FNS group. Results: The FNS group had a 90% union rate and a mean time to union of 4.4 months, while the CS group had similar results with an 83.1% union rate and a mean time to union of 5.1 months. In the subgroup analysis of Pauwels type III fractures, the union rates were 75.0% and 58.8% in the FNS and CS groups, respectively, and the time to union was significantly shorter in the FNS group with 4.8 months compared to 6.8 months in the CS group. Early failure rate within 6 months of FNS fixation was observed to be 10%, which included 3 reduction failures and 1 excessive sliding with a broken implant. Risk factors for early failure after FNS were identified as displaced fractures (Garden classification type III or IV), poor reduction quality, longer tip-apex distance, greater sliding distance, and 1-hole implants, of which sliding distance was the only significant risk factor in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: In femoral neck fractures, FNS and CS did not show significant differences for short-term radiologic results. FNS resulted in shorter operative time than cannulated screw fixation and favorable outcomes in Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures. The FNS could be considered a reliable and safe alternative to CS when treating femoral neck fractures.