추출조건에 따른 다시마 추출액의 특성에 미치는 물리적 특성의 영향

허상선,정재용*,박영호,주길재,최용희* 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 慶北大農學誌 Vol.17 No.-

The objective of this research was to characterize viscosity of sea tangle extract isolated from sea tangles in Korea to obtain basic data for production of dietary fiber materials with new functional properties. The viscosity of sea tangle extract was increased as the the extraction time increased. However, these values increased inginficantly up to 1 hour of extraction time and then slow increased in case of hot water extraction and enzymatic hydrolyzed sea tangle extract. As for addition of sugar and salts, the values of viscosity of sea tangle extract was very low in the additon of EDTA-2Na regardless of concentration. But in case of sucrose and NaCl, the viscosity of sea tangle extract were tended to decreased up to 2.5% concentration.

교합면을 포함하지 않는 2급 글래스 아이오노머 시멘트 수복물의 변연누출

이영란,허복,이희주 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

The microleakage of direct-access Class 2 restorations was evaluated. Cavities were prepared at mesial and distal proximal enamel surfaces of 20 extracted human molars through buccal window. Prepared cavities were filled with Ketac-Fil, Ketac-Silver, and Fuji Ⅱ LC, following manufacturer's instructions. 4 specimens of each restorations were made through sectioning 1/4 of bucco-lingual length mesio-distally after thermocycling between 5℃ and 60℃ and imerging 0.5% basic-fuchsin dye solution. Leakage at both occlusal and gingival margin of each specimen was scored 0 to 3 with stereomicroscope. The results were as follows: 1. At occlusal margin, leakage in Ketac-Fil group was more than Ketac-Silver and Fuji Ⅱ LC group(ANOVA p<0.05) and there was no significant difference between Ketac-Silver and Fuji Ⅱ LC goup(p>0.05), and at gingival margin, there was no significant difference amang materials(p>0.05). 2. Occlusal margin leaked more than gingival margin in Ketac-Silver and Fuji Ⅱ LC group(t-test p<0.05). 3. Leakage was different according to bucco-lingual location in Ketac-Fil and Fuji Ⅱ LC group, and lingaul specimen exhibited more leakage(ANOVA p<0.05).

광중합형 글래스 아이오노머 시멘트의 치질접착에 관한 연구

문주훈,조영곤,허승면 大韓齒科保存學會 1996 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.21 No.2

HMM에 의한 연속음성 인식 시스템의 구현

심장엽,김상범,김주성,김수훈,이영재,허강인 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1996 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.1

This paper is a study on the composition of Real-Time Continuous Speech Recognition System for Man-Machine Interface and it examines the posibility that applies to automatic system. The Continous Speech Recognition System is composed of Contivuous Distribution HMM model and algorithm of One Pass DP method. The System is composed so that it may detect start point and end point of speech data which are converted into samples by 10 KHz, 8 bit A/D whthin real time, then so that it may recognie them by one Pass DP method, display the result of recognition on PC monitor and at same time sent control data to Interface. HMM models are creadted by training for continuous speech samples which are control words, area names and digital sounds. In the result of experiment by Continuous Speech Recognition System, there are some kind of errors which are insertion, replacement and deletion of one syllable, but it examined the posibility that can by applied to Man-Machine Interface on automatic system if post-process is performed for recognition.

Apoptotic Effect of Co-treatment with Chios Gum Mastic and HS-1200 on G361 Human Melanoma Cell Line

Young-Joo Hur,Young-Ki Kim,Hyun-Ho Kwak,Gyoo-Cheon Kim,Seung-Eun Lee,In-Ryoung Kim,Chul-Hoon Kim1,Bong-Soo Park 대한해부학회 2009 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.42 No.2

Chios gum mastic (CGM) is a resinous exudate obtained from the stem and the main leaves of Pistacia lenticulus tree native to Mediterranean areas. Recently it reported that CGM induce apoptosis in a few cancer cells in vitro. Bile acids and their synthetic derivatives induced apoptosis in various kinds of cancer cells and anticancer effects. It has been reported that the synthetic chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) derivatives showed apoptosis-inducing activity on various cancer cells in vitro. This study was undertaken to investigate the synergistic apoptotic effect of cotreatment with a natural product, CGM and a CDCA derivative, HS-1200 on G361 human melanoma cells. To investigate whether the co-treatment of CGM and HS-1200 compared with each single treatment efficiently reduced the viability of G361 cells, MTT assay was conducted. To investigate augmentation of apoptosis in G631 cells co-treated with CGM and HS-1200, DNA electrophoresis, Hoechst staining, proteasome activity assay, flow cytometry, Westen blot analyses, immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy were performed. In this study, G361 cells co-treated with CGM and HS-1200 showed several lines of apoptotic manifestation such as nuclear condensations, DNA fragmentation, the reduction of MMP and proteasome activity, the decrease of DNA content, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, the translocation of AIF and DFF40 (CAD) onto nuclei, activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP and DFF45 (ICAD), and up-regulation of Bax whereas each single treated G361 cells did not. Although the single treatment of 40 μg/mL CGM or 25 μM HS-1200 for 24 hrs did not induce apoptosis, the co-treatment of them induced prominently apoptosis. Therefore, combination therapy of CGM and HS-1200 could be considered, in the future, as an alternative therapeutic strategy for human melanoma.

F-103 Lessons learned from continued TB outbreaks in a high school

( Young Kim ),( Young Seok Lee ),( Jee Youn Oh ),( Won Jai Jung ),( Eun Joo Lee ),( Kyung Hoon Min ),( Gyu Young Hur ),( Sung Yong Lee ),( Sang Yeub Lee ),( Jae Jeong Shim ),( Eui Sook Kim ),( Yoon So 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

Objective: Contact investigation with Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and delayed QuantiFERON testing (QFT) had been conducted against continued tuberculosis (TB) outbreaks in a high school before Korea latent TB infection (LTBI) policy establishment. We investigated the aftereffect of confirmatory QFT added to positive TST. Methods: We reviewed the outbreaks courses, and identified the TB development in relation to initial TST and QFT with the aid of Korean national claims database. Results: Continued sequential 43 active TB cases were diagnosed in a high school for one year before LTBI investigation. After contact investigation, a total of 925 contacts were divided into three groups: TST- (n=632), TST+/QFT+ (n=25), TST+/QFT- (n=257). The mean duration of follow-up was 3.9 ± 0.9 years. QFT- was more prevalent compared with QFT+ in contacts with 10mm ≤ TST <15mm (157, 61.1%) than in contacts with TST ≥15mm (100, 38.9%) among the TST positive reactors (Odds ratio 4.97, C.I: 1.80 - 14.46, P < 0.001). Of the 257 TST+/QFT- subjects, 255 received no LTBI treatment, and 7 contacts developed TB during follow-up. Among these 7 patients, four had initial TST ≥15mm, and three 10mm ≤ TST <15mm. Conclusions: The delayed contact investigation for LTBI in a high school TB outbreak brought upon the continuous successive TB outbreaks. False negative QFT performed lately among the TST positive reactors should not be considered as a criteria for LTBI treatment. Additionally, the contacts only with strong induration size of TST (≥ 15mm) should be considered for LTBI treatment.

Mutational signatures according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korea

( Young Kim ),( Sung Yong Lee ),( Eun Joo Lee ),( Gyu Young Hur ),( Sang Yeub Lee ),( Jae Jeong Shim ),( Kwang Ho In ),( Kyung Ho Kang ),( Se Hwa Yoo ),( Chi Young Kim ),( Byeong Ki Kim ),( Seung Heon 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.126 No.-

Purpose: There are many somatic mutations in lung cancer, and many biological processes that cause mutations in somatic cells leave a mutational signature. The purpose of this study is to identify the mutational signature according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korea. Methods: A total of 103 specimens from patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were obtained and NGS based repeated deep sequencing was performed. The single nucleotide variation detected by the test was converted to maf.file and mutational signatures according to the stage of lung cancer analyzed by applying a computational framework for mutational signature model proposed by Alexandrov et al. The mutational signature nomenclature is that used in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC). Results: As a result of mutational signature analysis with stage I lung cancer, signature 5 (cosine similarity=0.656, unknown etiology) was the most significant result. With stage II lung cancer, signature 7 (cosine similarity=0.742, UV exposure) was the most significant result and with stage III lung cancer, signature 30 (cosine similarity=0.777, unknown etiology) was the most significant result. In this study, the number of patients with stage IV lung cancer was small and there were no significant results. Conclusions: The risk factors for lung cancer other than smoking,the exact cause has not been clarified, they are presumed to have left a mutational signature. In addition, the mutational signatures according to the stage of lung adenocarcinoma in Korean patients showed different result.

Mechanism Underlying NaF-Induced Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Young-Joo Hur,Do-Kyun Kim,Seung-Eun Lee,In-Ryoung Kim,Na-Young Jeong,Ji-Young Kim,Bong-Soo Park KOREAN ACADAMY OF ORAL BIOLOGY 2010 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.35 No.2

Few studies have evaluated the apoptosis-inducing efficacy of NaF on cancer cells in vitro but there has been no previous investigation of the apoptotic effects of NaF on human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. In this study, we have investigated the mechanisms underlying the apoptotic response to NaF treatment in the YD9 human squamous cell carcinoma cell line. The viability of YD9 cells and their growth inhibition were assessed by MTT and clonogenic assays, respectively. Hoechst staining, DNA electrophoresis and TUNEL staining were conducted to detect apoptosis. YD9 cells were treated with NaF, and western blotting, immunocytochemistry, confocal microscopy, FACScan flow cytometry, and MMP and proteasome activity assays were performed sequentially. The NaF treatment resulted in a time- and dose-dependent decrease in YD9 cell viability, a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth, and the induction of apoptotic cell death. The apoptotic response of these cells was manifested by nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, the reduction of MMP and proteasome activity, a decreased DNA content, the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, the translocation of AIF and DFF40 (CAD) into the nucleus, a significant shift of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the activation of caspase-9, caspase- 3, PARP, Lamin A/C and DFF45 (ICAD). Furthermore, NaF treatment resulted in the downregulation of G1 cell cyclerelated proteins, and upregulation of p53 and the Cdk inhibitor p27 KIP1 . Taken collectively, our present findings demonstrate that NaF strongly inhibits YD9 cell proliferation by modulating the expression of G1 cell cycle-related proteins and inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial and caspase pathways.

노자‘유(有)와 무(無)’ 그리고 ‘도(道)’ 대한 비본질적 관점

허영주(Hur, Young Joo) 서강대학교 생명문화연구소 2016 생명연구 Vol.41 No.-

노자 도(道), 유(有), 무(無) 관계는 ‘본질적’ 관점과 ‘비본질적’ 관점으로 해석된다. 본질적 관점은 노자 도(道) 혹은 무(無)가 유(有)를 생성시킨다고 주장하는데, 이 주장의 근거로 도덕경 제40장 “天下萬物生於有, 有生於無”의 ‘生’을 ‘낳다’로 해석한다. 반면 비본질적 관점은 제2장 “有無相生”을 ‘生’을 ‘살다’로 독해하여, 유/무가 서로의 존재근거가 되어 살고 있는 원칙을 노자는 ‘道’로 표현한다고 주장한다. 필자는 ‘비본질적’ 관점으로 노자 도(道)를 해석하는 것이 옳다고 본다. 이를 밝히기 위해 첫째, 본질적 관점과 비본질적 관점이 도와 유/무를 보는 관점의 차이를 비교할 것이다. 둘째, 도덕경 내에서 ‘生’자의 쓰임을 본질적 관점의 ‘낳다’계열과 비본질적 관점이 ‘살다’계열의 용례를 본 뒤, 논쟁이 되는 제2장, 제25장, 제40장, 제42장에서 검토할 것이다. 셋째, 본질적 관점의 생(生)자 해석의 모순점을 논증하고, 논쟁이 되는 생(生)자 해석 부분을 제외한 나머지 12장에서 ‘生’의 쓰임을 살펴볼 것이다. 이 과정을 통해 도덕경 내 ‘生’자의 해석이 ‘살다’계열로 주로 사용되는 경향을 밝히고, 노자의 도나 무를 ‘본체’로 파악하고 무에서 유가 생성된다는 주장에 대응하여 비본질적 관점인 상관적 성격으로 노자 도와 무 그리고 유를 해석할 수 있는 근거를 도출할 것이다. 마지막으로 본질적 관점에서 비본질적 관점의 세계관 전환이 우리가 직면해 있는 여러 사회적 갈등을 해결할 수 있는 가능성을 제시한다고 주장할 것이다 This paper aims to analyse the idea that Co-ralationcal Thinking on Being(“you”), nonbeing(“wu”), and “Dao” in Laozi is right. “Dao(道)” is the controversial concept of Laozi, So there have been two points of view on Being(“you”), nonbeing(“wu”), and “Dao” in Laozi-Ontological-cosmological Thinking and Co-relational Thinking. Laozi’s writing structure consists of Being(“you”), nonbeing(“wu”), and “Dao”. Ontological-cosmological Thinking says Dao is a kind of dynamic reality by itself things become. Co-relational Thinking dotonated by Kim Hyeong-hyo’s leading work insists that Dao is principle which shows existence-format. I think Co-ralationcal Thinking on Being(“you”), nonbeing(“wu”), and “Dao” in Laozi is right. In order to convey this opinion, I will refer writings characterized by the cosmology in chapters 2, 25, 40, and 42 of 『Laozi(老子)』.

사회 철학적 관점에서 본 순자 성악설

허영주(Hur, Young Joo) 서강대학교 생명문화연구소 2016 생명연구 Vol.39 No.-

정말 순자의 성악설에는 모순이 있는가? 이 문제에는 두 가지 입장이 존재한다. 하나는 성악설에는 모순이 존재한다는 도덕 형이상학 관점이고, 다른 하나는 모순이 없다는 사회 철학적 관점이다. 도덕 형이상학 관점을 가진 학자들은 ‘인간 본성이 악한데, 예의를 통해 본성이 선해질 수 있다’는 주장은 모순으로 본다. 반대로, 사회 철학적 관점을 가진 학자들은 ‘인간 본성이 사회질서의 혼란을 가져올 때, 그것을 악으로 파악하며, 예의를 통해 인간은 선해질 수 있다’고 해석하여 성악설에 모순이 없다고 주장한다. 과연 이 두 관점 중 어떤 것이 더 타당한 해석인가? 필자는 두 해석 중에서 사회철학적 관점에 동의한다. 왜냐하면 순자의 성악설은 사회 속에서 인간의 생명·윤리 도덕적 문제들을 극복하기 위해 사회적 관점으로 구성된 ‘예(禮)’를 위한 철학적 전제이기 때문이다. 따라서 이 글의 목표는 사회 철학적 관점을 통해 도덕 형이상학의 관점에서 제기된 이론적 모순을 분석하여 순자의 성악설이 사회 철학적 관점으로 해석될 때 모순이 없음을 밝히는 것이다. 이러한 과정은 도덕 형이상학 관점과 사회 철학적 관점의 균형적 비교분석을 가능하게 할 것이며, 두 관점의 정의와 해석의 차이를 정식화시켜 순자의 성악설이 사회 철학적 관점으로 해석되어야 타당함을 주장하는데 도움이 될 것이다. 최종적으로 순자의 성악설이 당대 사회적 생명·윤리 문제를 해결하기 위한 현실적이고 실천적인 사상의 전제임을 도출하겠다. Is it correct that Xunzi‘s theory of human nature has been debased as self-contradictory? There are two interpretations focusing on the issue. One is called the traditional metaphysical analysis which argues that ‘xing e (性惡)’ means ‘human nature is evil’ leading us to consider that Xunzi’s concepts of human nature is incompatible with moral rules. The other is ‘social philosophical approach’. This view argues that Xunzi considers that human’s infinite desires produce social disorder that is bad. In this point of view, bad human nature are possible to turn into good one with rituals and righteousness(禮義). Which two interpretations are more valid? I agree with social philosophical approach for Xunzi’s theory of human nature. Therefore, this paper will try to show how the social philosophical approach to Xunzi's theory of human nature passes over the critique of traditional metaphysical analysis.