자연과학(동물) 정보에이전트의 설계 및 구현

변영태,오정민 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Information providers of internet are increased by the fast technical development of network, and they provide a vast amount of information in various fields. Because of this reason, it becomes too hard for users to get fast what they want. There are several search engines that help users with the keyword matching method, but it is still a burden to users to find suitable keywords. Therefore we implement the intelligent information retrieval agent(HILA-la : HongIk Information Agent) that converts user's queries to forms to be compatible to user's thought and suitable to a specific domain, and provides the necessary information. The knowledge base about an animals domain has been built in an ontological aspect to share information between information agents and the HILA-la system supplies necessary information by processing the queries of users and other agents, and also shows URL list of proper web pages by extending given queries based on knowledge base. We also supplement new operators for users to represent their thought more clearly and make the system behave more intelligent by learning from accumulated results and user feedback. HILA-la has been developed on Windows 98 with Visual C++ 5.0, CLIPS and MS Access, the results are promising in terms of the information provider.

802.11e 매체접근제어 프로토콜에서 트래픽의 발생률에 따른 EDCF의 종단간 전달 지연 특성 연구

변태영,조무호 경주대학교 정보전자기술연구소 2003 情報電子技術論叢 Vol.2 No.-

In this paper, we analyze the end-to-end path delay in the EDCF mode of 80211e network which provide QoS control capability in the wireless LAN environment. As described in 80211e specification, under the EDCF operation, the realtime traffic such as streaming service, VoD service with high priority get more frequent chance to transmit frames than that of low priority traffic. To verify these characteristic, we implemented a simulation tool which support the 80211e MAC and measured the characteristics of the end-to-end path delay among various traffic streams. The simulation results showed that the delay of traffic with high priority is supported with a QoS guarantee, but the traffic with low priority experience a great delay as the number of mobile terminal is above a point which is regarded as threshold.

인공과학실험실 확장 : 전기 실험

변영태,오석일 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

ASL-EE (Artificial Science Laboratory for Electrical Experiments) is founded on the system structure of ACL-V (Artificial Chemistry Laboratory-V), which is formerly formulated and based on hierarchical knowledge related chemistry. ASL-EE has been improved and developed as a virtual experimental system that can simulate basic direct current circuit experiments, magnetic field experiments concerning magnetic force, and chemical cell experiments using the knowledge of chemistry that enclosed to elementary, middle, and high school curriculums. The former inference model had been improved and modified so that each consisting electronic device plays a role as a center of the main analyzing principal in a circuit. We expand this system to make more various experiments; not only the direct current experiments but also alternating current circuit is possible. The results show the possibility of contribution for science education by allowing students to do non-predefined electrical experiments in WYSIWYG(What You See Is What You Get) environment on computers. In this paper, we present an integrated strategy of partitioning and scheduling. We apply FDS technique for the scheduling. But, we use the relative scheduling urgency for partitioning that is the effect of an assignment of a node to a specific time step. The proposed algorithm produced good results and better execution time than paper [14]'s results for all benchmarks. In the future, we should include the communication costs between hardware and software components.

유기화합물과 불균일 혼합물 처리를 위한 인공화학실험실의 확장

변영태,조성태 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Experiments in a laboratory are very important in science education for primary, middle, and high school students. However, education systems in many countries do not provide enough experiment chances to students for several reasons. One of most important reasons is hat financial support from a government is not sufficient. Besides that, insufficiency of experimental and managerial facilities for laboratories and equipments, danger of experimental accidents, heavy pressure to get high scores of entrance written exams for a school of higher grade, and other difficulties would make it so. From desirable science education's point of view, there is still a problem in countries where students have reasonable experimental chances. The problem is that every student does not participate equally in experiments and they do only predetermined experiments during class hours. Nobody can do any experiment, which is not predetermined,whenever they want. As an alternative to solve the problem, we developed ACL (Artificial Chemistry Laboratory) to make students do on personal computers any experiment whenever they want. However, the previous ACL system has limitations, since it covers only pure substances and homogeneous mixtures. ACL-V is an extended version of the previous ACL system in order to cover organic (carbonic) compounds and heterogeneous mixtures. To include heterogeneous mixtures, we extend the knowledge base, the spatial description lanaguage, the existence shape description langauge, and related processes. ACL-V handles solid, liquid, and gas heterogeenous mixtures. To include organic (carbonic) compounds, we extend the knowledge base and the process libraray. The hierarchy of the knowledge base is made based on the commonly accepted grouping knowledge of chemistry. The first subclass of the Carbonic class is the Aliphatic class for aliphatic carbonic material. It is further divided into three subclasses. The Aromatic class is for aromatic carbonic material and divided into several subclasses, and the HighMolecu

MFCM을 사용한 모델 기반의 진단 시스템

卞永泰 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

This paper describes a diagnostic system which has deep knowledge such as a mental model and commonsense knowledge. while traditional knowledge-base systems use shallow knowledge. We implement MFCM(Most Fuzzy Cognitive Map) and its simulation algorithm for a model-based system which allows us to represent, inference and understand behaviors of physical devices or systems, and develop a diagnostic system using the model and causal constraints. When a variable in a system is known to be wrong, the adjacency principle selects a possible constraint which affects the variable value, and then the constraint suspension strategy is used to build a fault model based on the original model. The diagnostic system uses the same simulation algorithm and therefore generates a state which describes the current wrong behavior. With a single fault assumption, the current implementation identifies which constraint(i.e. which part of a physical system) works wrong.

웹에서의 제품정보 수집 정보에이젼트

卞永泰,吳錫一 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

ASL-EE(Artificial Science Laboratory for Electical Experiments) has been developed as a virtual experimental system that can simulate basic direct current circuit experiments, magnetic field experiments concerning magnetic force, and chemical cell experiments using the knowledge of chemistry that enclosed to elementary, middle, and high school curriculums. Since the Web provides a lot of useful information about electrical components as well as general products, it is desirable to give ASL-EE users chances to look at commercial information about electrical components so that when they want to buy some of components used in the simulation in ASL-EE, they can get useful product information about the components before buying. This paper introduces WIMA-EE(Web Information Mining Agent for Electrical Elements) which consists of three modules: Collector, Extractor, and Wrapper. Collector collects related Web pages by using Web Robot, and Extractor extracts electrical component part numbers from tables on Web pages by tag-based analysis. Wrapper is a program which generates part numbers automatically based on the information of Extractor, sends them to related shopping malls and get product information when the results are successful. The current system covers only semi-structured (table form) Web pages and should be extended in future.

교정환자에서 MRI를 이용한 측두하악관절 장애의 연구

김태우,변은선,백승학,장영일,남동석,양원식 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.2

측두하악관절의 자기공명영상(MRI)은 하악과두와 관절원판(disc)의 관계를 잘 보여주기 때문에 관절내장증(internal derangement)의 진단을 위해 매우 유용하다. 이번 연구의 목적은 서울대학교 치과병원 교정과에 내원한 측두하악관절 장애가 의심되는 환자들의 MRI자료를 평가하여 관절 내장증의 유무, 발생빈도 및 심도를 파악하는 것이다. MRI를 촬영한 표본은 남자 10명, 여자 40명으로 총 50명이었고 평균 나이는 22.9세였다. 전체 50명 중에 43명에서 positive finding이 관찰되었다. Positive finding을 나타낸 환자 중에서 전방관절원판변위 (anterior disc displacement : ADD)는 비정복성이 56%로 가장 많았으며, 양쪽 관절에서 동시에 일어난 경우가 65%로 가장 많았다. Positive finding을 나타낸 환자를 Angle 분류 시, Ⅱ급 1류 부정교합 환자가 39.6%, Ⅱ급 2류 부정교합 환자가 2.3%로 Ⅱ급 부정교합이 41.9%로 가장 많았고, 1급 부정교합 환자는 37.2%, Ⅲ급 부정결합 환자가 18.6%, 확인 안된 경우가 2.3%였다. Positive finding을 나타낸 환자 중에서 안면 비대칭 환자는 8.6%, 개교 환자는 55.8%였다. 결론적으로 측두하악관절의 관절 내장증을 가진 환자에서는 Ⅱ급 부정교합이 차지하는 비율이 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 개교나 안면 비대칭은 측두하악관절 장애로 인한 보상적 또는 비보상적인 변형에 의해 나타날 수 있으며 퇴행성 관절 질환으로 진행되는 과정 중 안면 골격 개조의 결과로 보인다. 그러므로 개교 및 안면 비대칭이 있는 환자는 교정 치료 시작 전에 측두하악관절의 이상 유무를 MRI로 확인(screening)할 것이 권장된다. 측두하악관절 장애가 있는 경우 교정 치료 후에도 재발의 경향이 크고 측두하악관절에 대한 계속적인 관찰이 필요하므로 감별진단이 필수적이다. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the temporomandibular joint(TMJ) is very useful method to diagnose internal derangement of the TMJ because of its high specificity for identification of condyle-disc relationships. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existence, incidence and severity of internal derangement of the TMJ by the MRI of patients who are suspected to leave TMJ disorder. MRI sample was composed of 50 subjects(10 males, 40 females) and the mean age was 22.9 years. 43 subjects of the sample were found to have positive findings. 56% of the subjects with positive findings had ADD(anterior disc displacement) without reduction, and 65% had internal derangement of bilateral joints. Distributions in the types of malocclusion in patients with positive findings, the Angle's classification had shown : the largest 41.9% for Cl II(39.6% for Cl II div 1 and 2.3% for Cl II div 2), 37.2% for Cl I, 18.6% for Cl III, and 2.3% for the unidentified. 8.6% of the subjects with positive findings had facial asymmetry and 55.8% had openbite. We can conclude that the percentage of Cl II is the highest in patients with internal derangement of the TMJ. Openbite or facial asymmetry is considered to be uncompensated or compensated deformity which results from facial skeleton remodeling in the process of degenerative joint disease(DJD) due to TMJ degeneration. Therefore it is recommended to screen the patients with facial asymmetry or openbite by MRI before the beginning of orthodontic treatment. Differential diagnosis is essential because the tendency of relapse is high after the orthodontic treatment and continuous observation of TMJ is needed in patients with TMJ disorder.

비침습적 검사를 이용한 수술후 하지 심부 정맥 혈전증의 감시

김영욱,정한준,윤봉호,김신윤,이상국,변경환,김태헌 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Deep vein thrombosis is recognized as a common complication in surgical patients in western countries especially in patients with high risk factors. The purposes of this study were to detect leg DVTs in early postoperative period by non-invasive surveillance and to analyze the risk factors of DVT. One hundred seventy one patients who underwent major operations(67 curative resection of colorectal cancer, 64 total hip replacement, 38 femur operation for fracture, and 2 colon resections for benign colon disease) were included for the prospective surveillance of leg DVT within 2 weeks after the operations. For the surveillance of leg DVT, strain gauge plethysmography(SPG) and Duplex scanning of both legs were completed for all patients except 10 patients. These 10 patients were examined in only one leg. The patients with past history of leg DVT or under prophylactic anticoagulant therapy were excluded from this study. To determine the risk factors related with leg DVT formation, age and sex of the patients, indication of surgery or surgical procedures, duration of operation, position during the operation, duration of postoperative immobilization, and preoperative serum level of antithrombin III (AT- III) were analyzed using Chi-square test. After performing SPG of 342 legs, 38 legs, showed abnormal on venous outflow/venous capacitance discriminant line chart, and 13 legs of 12 patients showed the finding(s) suggesting DVT on duplex scanning. Among the patients with abnormal duplex findings, 7 limbs(53.8%) were symptomatic, but the remaining 6 legs were silent. In 6 (15.8%) patients of 36 femur operations, 3(4.7%) of 64 total hip replacements and 3(4.5%) of 67 curative resections of colorectal cancer developed DVT by duplex scanning in the iliac(5), femoral-popliteal(6), and isolated calf(2) veins. After analyzing the risk factors, we could not find any statistically significant(p<0.05) factor related with leg DVT.

窒素化合物의 水素化

朴龍泰,李彰熙,卞嶺錫 慶北大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

Catalytic hydrogenation of benzyl cyanide and phenyl cyanide with Pd/c and chloroform as proton source produce effecitively the primary amines, β-phenylethyl amine and benzyl amine respectively. Hydrogn chloride originated from hydrogenolysis of chloroform eliminates the primary amines reduced from nitriles on the catalytic (Pd/c) surface, preventing secondary amine formation. When methylene chloride is used as proton source in the catalytic (Pd/c) hydrogenation of nitriles, secondary amines are produced. With Raney-Ni, catalytic hydrogenation of some nitriles and nitrocompounds with chloroform as proton source do not give the expected reduction products, amines. Since the expected intermediate, nitrosobenzenc and N-pheny-lhydroxylamine was smoothly reduced to aniline in the catalytic reduction, they might be the intermediates in the catalytic (Ra-Ni) reduction of nitrobenzene. The expected product, water from Ra-Ni catalylic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was identified by Gas Chromatography.

산업장 소음에 노출된 근로자들의 활동 중 혈압과 심박동수

김영기,차태준,변주현,고광욱,이용환 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 산업장 근무 근로자들에 있어서 소음 노출이 혈압과 심박동수에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 부산시 소재 한 주물공장 근무 근로자로서 소음 작업장에 근무하는 102명에 대하여 1998년 3-6월, 1999년 3-6월에 걸쳐 안정시 혈압과 청력손실정도, 일반적 특성이 조사되었다. 소음노출 정도는 noise dosimeter를 사용하여 오전 8시-오후 4시까지 8시간동안 측정하여 평가하였고, 활동 중 혈압과 심박동수는 ambulatory blood pressure로 오전 8 시-오후 10시까지 30분 단위로 측정하였다. 결과 : 연령과 흡연, 신체비만지수의 영향을 고려하였을 때 저연령층에서 85dBA이상의 고소음에 노출된 군에서 소음과 수축기 혈압간에는 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었으나, 이완기 혈압과 심박등수에서는 유의한 결과를 얻지 못하였다. 연령의 구분없이 상관관계를 구하였을 때에는 수축기 혈압에서만 소음수준과 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 오전 8시-오후 10시까지 측정한 활동 중 혈압과 심박동수의 일일 변화는 40세미만의 저연령층에서는 심박동수에서만 근무후의 오후시간부터 감소하는 양상이 있었고 수축기 혈압과 이완기 혈압에서는 뚜렷한 변화를 발견할 수 없었다. 40세이상군에서는 수축기혈압과 이완기 혈압, 심박동수 모두 근무 중에는 비교적 높은 값을 유지하다가 오후부터는 감소하는 추세를 보이고 있었다. 각 연령군별 소음노출수준에 따른 활동 중 혈압과 심박동수의 비교에서는 40세미만의 연령층에서만 85dBA이상의 고소음군에서 심박동수가 유의하게 더 높은 결과를 얻었다. 결론 : 저연령층인 40세피만에서 85dBA이상의 고소음에 지속적으로 노출될 경우 수축기 혈압이 증가되어 있을 수 있음을 확인하였다. Objectives : This study was carriel out to evaluate the effects of Industrial noise on blood pressure and heart rate. Methods Resting blood pressure, hearing loss, and general characteristics of the 102 subjects who were engaged In a factory in Pusan were measured from March to June for two years, in 1998 and 1999. With noise dosimeter, noise exposure level was measured from 8 A.M. to 4 P.M. Ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were also measured every 30 minutes from 8 A. M. to 10 p. M. Results : Controlling for age, smoking, and Quetelet's index, in subjects of under 40 years old exposed to higher than 85dBA, noise exposure and systolic blood pressure had astatistically significant correlation, and the same result was obtained in all subjects. The daily variability of ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were observed in older than 40 years old group, but only heal·t rate in under 40 years old. Conclusions : The blood pressure and heart 1·ate would be elevated when the workers exposed to noise. And in under 40 years old, the systolic blood pressure was elevated to the workers exposed to higher than 85dBA.