현대 일본어의 이중부정의문문에 관한 고찰

김영민(Kim, Young-min) 가천대학교 아시아문화연구소 2017 아시아문화연구 Vol.44 No.-

본고에서는 현대 일본어의 이중부정의문문에 초점을 맞추어,「~なくない?」 의 의미와 용법 및 그 독특성을 밝혀내고자 고찰하였다. 선행연구에서는 일부품사에 국한된 표현이며, 젊은 사람들에게만 나타나는 현상으로 간주되어 왔으나, 본 연구의 결과 형용사, 명사, 동사에 걸쳐 골고루 사용된다는 것과 TV의 상품 선전에도 사용되는 것으로 미루어보아 사용 층이 넓어지고 있다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 본고에서 고찰한 내용은 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 이중부정의문문 「~なくない?」의 특성 및 현상에 대해 살펴보았다. 그 결과 부정의문문 「~ない?」가 「~よね」라는 의미를 나타내는 것에 반해 이중부정의문문 「~なくない?」에는「~よね?」와 「~ないよね?」가 존재한다는 것을 인정하고, 「~なくない?」의 문제점으로 지적된 의미해석의 이중성에 대해서도 이론적인 근거를 제시했다. 둘째, 이중적인 기능이 가능한 이유는 부정사 「ない」의 작용역이 어디까지 영향을 미치는가에 달려있다는 것을 제시하였다. 뿐만 아니라 이중부정의문문으로 간주되는 표현 중에는 「つまらなくない?」, 「危なくない?」와 같이 형용사에 내제되어 있지만 부정의 의미를 띠지 않는 「ない」와의 결합으로 인해 긍정적 해석을 가능케 한다는 사실을 밝혀낼 수 있었다. 셋째, 「~なくない?」의 기능 및 용법에 대해 면밀히 고찰하여 이중부정의문문은 단순히 상대에게 새로운 정보를 구하거나 의견을 묻기 보다는 동의요구나 배려표현으로 사용되고 있으며 긍정해석과 부정해석을 가능하게 하는 모호한 표현이라는 특성도 발견할 수 있었다. This dissertation tries to figure out meaning, usage and characteristic of “nakunai” form focused on double negative interrogative sentence of modern Japanese. In preceding researches, “nakunai” have been considered as that used in limited word class and by contemporary young-aged people. As a result of research, however, “nakunai” is used in various word classes like adjective, noun or verb, and also this form became to spread out to broader age group through the fact that this form is used in television commercials. The contents of the dissertation can be listed in three points. First, characteristics and usage of “~nakunai” as double negative interrogative form are observed. When negative interrogative form, “~nai” contains the meaning of “~yone,” double negative interrogative form, “~nakunai” includes “~yone” and “~ naiyone” forms. Based on this observation, the researcher sought logical validity for dualistic understanding of “~nakunai” which is considered as the point of dispute. Second, the role of infinitive “nai” and its scale of usage that makes “nakunai” has dualistic function are observed. Some double negative interrogative forms such as “tumaranakunai” or “abunakunai” which connote negative meaning in its adjective but do not denote negative meaning, are able to be understood in positive meaning by being connected with “nai.” Third, through substantial consideration of function and usage of “~nakunai,” the researcher observed this following fact: double negative interrogative form is ambiguous expression that allows people dualistic understanding, positive and negative, and also means care for others or asking agreement, rather simply asking new information or one’s opinion.

원격탐사 기법 적용을 통한 대청호 상류 유입 부유쓰레기 조사 및 현존량 추정 연구

김영민,장선웅,김흥민,김탁영,박수호,Youngmin Kim,Seon Woong Jang,Heung-Min Kim,Tak-Young Kim,Suho Bak 대한원격탐사학회 2023 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.39 No.5

Floating debris in large quantities from land during heavy rainfall has adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts, but the monitoring system for the concentration area and amount is insufficient. In this study, we proposed an efficient monitoring method for floating debris entering the river during heavy rainfall in Daecheong Lake, the largest water supply source in the central region, and applied remote sensing techniques to estimate the standing-stock of floating debris. To investigate the status of floating debris in the upper of Daecheong Lake, we used a tracking buoy equipped with a low-orbit satellite communication terminal to identify the movement route and behavior characteristics, and used a drone to estimate the potential concentration area and standing-stock of floating debris. The location tracking buoys moved rapidly during the period when the cumulative rainfall for 3 days increased by more than 200 to 300 mm. In the case of Hotan Bridge, which showed the longest distance, it moved about 72.8 km for one day, and the maximum moving speed at this time was 5.71 km/h. As a result of calculating the standing-stock of floating debris using a drone after heavy rainfall, it was found to be 658.8 to 9,165.4 tons, with the largest amount occurring in the Seokhori area. In this study, we were able to identify the main concentrations of floating debris by using location-tracking buoys and drones. It is believed that remote sensing-based monitoring methods, which are more mobile and quicker than traditional monitoring methods, can contribute to reducing the cost of collecting and processing large amounts of floating debris that flows in during heavy rain periods in the future.

TGA와 Py-GC/FID를 이용한 Al-MCM-48상에서 HDPE의 촉매(觸媒) 열분해(熱分解)

김영민,김승도,박영권,김지만,전종기,Kim, Young-Min,Kim, Seung-Do,Park, Young-Kwon,Kim, Ji-Man,Jeon, Jong-Ki 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2006 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.15 No.5

본 연구는 Al-MCM-48을 이용하여 HDPE를 촉매 분해하는 것으로, Al-MCM-48의 촉매 활성을 Al-MCM-41, Beta, ZSM-5와 비교하였다. Al-MCM-48를 사용한 열분해 활성은 무촉매 열분해의 활성보다 매우 높았다. 다른 촉매와 비교했을 때 Al-MCM-48의 활성화 에너지는 거의 차이가 없었다. 촉매의 점진적인 비활성화 경향도 조사하였다. ZSM-5와 Al-MCM-48은 Al-MCM-41과 Beta보다 비활성화 경향이 낮았다. Py-GC/FID(pyrolyzer)를 이용하여 열분해 생성물의 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 ZSM-5 촉매를 사용한 경우에는 $C_1-C_4$ 범위의 기상 생성물이 많이 생성되었다. Al-MCM-41과 Beta를 사용한 경우에는 주로 $C_5-C_{12}$ 범위의 화합물이 생성되었다. Al-MCM-48은 다른 촉매들에 비해 $C_5-C_{22}$ 범위의 오일 생성물에 대해서 높은 선택도를 나타내었다. Al-MCM-48 was used as a catalyst to decompose high density polyethylene(HDPE). Catalytic activity of Al-MCM-48 was compared with those of Al-MCM-41, Beta, and ZSM-5. Catalytic decomposition rate over Al-MCM-48 was much higher than at of non-catalytic pyrolysis only. Compared to other catalysts, Al-MCM-48 revealed the little higher activation energy value. The progressive deactivation behavior of the catalysts has also studied. ZSM-5 and Al-MCM-48 showed slower deactivation rates than Al-MCM-41 and Beta. Pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatographic separation and flame ionization detection (Py-GC/ FID) was also performed to assess the characteristics of pyrolysis products. ZSM-5 gave a higher fraction of gaseous products ($C_1-C_4$). Al-MCM-41 and Beta produced mainly $C_5-C_{12}$ products. The selectivity to oil product ($C_5-C_{22}$) obtained with Al- MCM-48 is higher an that with the other catalysts employed in this study.

강합성 2주형 사장교의 시공중 내풍 안정성 확보 방안 연구

김영민,김대영,Kim,Young-Min,Kim,Dae-Young 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1

The bridge deck section composed of a concrete slab resting on two I-beam girders are known to be susceptible to flutter instability and vortex shedding. Moreover, the cable stayed bridge in construction is more vulnerable to wind rather than in service when the free cantilever construction method is applied. This paper describes the effect of the dynamic wind loads on the bridge during construction and the effect of alternative temporary stabilizing measures. Therefore, a series of wind tunnel tests and numerical analysis were carried out to determine if any countermeasures were required.

사장교의 시공중 내풍 안정성 확보 방안

김영민,김대영,Kim, Young-Min,Kim, Dae-Young 한국공간구조학회 2008 한국공간구조학회지 Vol.8 No.2

중국 후기 제국 시기 지배 엘리트의 정체성

김영민(Kim, Young-min) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2013 亞細亞硏究 Vol.56 No.1

This paper seeks to review the state of the field of Chinese gentry/local elite rule and then offer an alternative approach. I will begin with an examination of existing works on Chinese gentry rule and local elite, which shall serve as a foundation for the alternative approach I will then develop. The historical reality is never as neat and clear-cut as indicated in such influential views as Oh Keum-sung’s state-centered view of Chinese gentry, Kishimoto Mio’s analysis of local society, and Western scholars’ civil society model. In the hope of contributing to a more nuanced and historically specific understanding of the governing elite in Late Imperial China, I take seriously the methodology of intellectual history. The literary collection of Zhan Ruoshui, among other sources, represents one of the best mediums through which we can explore and discuss the complex features and subtle aspects of the governing elite in Ming China. It is my contention that it is possible to formulate a more historically sensitive notion of the governing elite’s identity than the age-old notion of state-centered gentry or local elite in making sense of the state -society relationship in late imperial China.

Kim’s G.C를 이용한 운동이 요통환자의 피로와 통증완화에 미치는 영향

김태홍(Kim Tae-Hong),김영민(Kim Young-Min) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

??The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of exercise by Kim's G.C on the subjective fatigue and pain relief in back pain patients. For this purpose, 40 back pain patients were divided into two group: both two group were participated in muscle exercise program in public health center for 12 weeks and exercise group was participated in additional exercise program by Kim's G.G The main results of this study were as follow: First, the relief of pain in exercise group was more decreased than that of control group(p<.001). Second, the relief of pain was significantly decreased between pre-exercise and post-exercise in exercise group(p<.001). Third, the subjective fatigue in exercise group was more decreased than that of control group(p<.001). Forth, both two groups showed remarkable reduction in the subjective fatigue(p<.001).

Layered Turbo codes combined with space time codes for satellite systems

김영민,김수영,Kim, Young-Min,Kim, Soo-Young Korea Society of Satellite Technology 2010 한국위성정보통신학회논문지 Vol.11 No.1

계층적 부호화 방식은 멀티미디어 방송 및 멀티캐스팅 서비스(multimedia broadcasting and multicasting services; MBMS)등과 같이 단방향의 서비스에서 신호 품질에 대한 피드백 정보의 활용이 어려울 경우 사용할 수 있는 적응형 수신 기법 중의 하나이다. 이 기술은 계층적 변조 방식과 결합하여 사용함으로써, 부호화율과 변조 방식을 적절하게 결합하여 사용할 수 있는 방식이다. 또한, 터보부호와 결합된 시공간부호를 이용하여 멀티미디어 방송 서비스 제공에 있어서 위성-지상 통합망에서 효과적으로 다이버시티 이득을 얻을 수 있음이 보여왔다. 본 논문에서는 계층적 터보 부호와 결합된 시공간 부호화 방식을 위성-지상 통합 망에 적용하는 방안을 제시한다. 먼저, 시스템 구조 및 동작 원리를 설명하고, 실제 적용 예제들을 제시한다. A layered coding scheme is one of the adaptive receiving techniques for unidirectional services such as multimedia broadcasting and multicasting services (MBMS), where we cannot utilize feedback information. The layered coding scheme can be used with hierarchical modulations by combining suitable code rates and modulation orders of each. In addition, it has been reported that hybrid and/or integrated satellite systems can effectively achieve transmit diversity gains by appropriate utilization of space time coding combined with turbo codes. This paper proposes a layered turbo coding schemes for hybrid and/or integrated satellite systems. We first introduce the system architecture and operational principle of the proposed scheme, and discuss the applicability.

무선 영상보안시스템 구현에 관한 연구

김영민,김명환,김선형,Kim, Young-Min,Kim, Myeong-Hwan,Kim, Sun-Hyung 한국벤처창업학회 2012 벤처창업연구 Vol.7 No.1

In this paper, implementation of a wireless video security system relates to a situation outside of using infrared sensors to detect changes when using Zigbee network security in the area of the sensor sends information to the server. The server can judge the situation if an emergency situation through the IP network security camera shot of the area to be transferred command to pantilte. The camera images and information in the security area, sent to administrator's smartphone users to control the camera can see the situation and More than a small video security system was designed so that user can monitor the security zone. Finally, for real-time to identify and respond to emergency situations based on the available wireless networks for video surveillance systems were verified through research and implementation. 본 논문은 무선 영상보안시스템 구현에 관한 것으로서, 적외선센서를 이용하여 외부의 상황변화를 감지하였을 경우 Zigbee 네트워크를 이용하여 보안영역의 센서 정보를 서버에 송신한다. 서버에서는 상황을 판단하여 긴급 상황일 경우 IP 네트워크를 통하여 보안 영역의 카메라를 촬영 하도록 팬틸터로 명령어를 전송한다. 해당 카메라의 영상과 보안영역의 정보를 사용자의 스마트폰으로 전송하며 사용자는 스마트폰을 이용하여 카메라를 제어하여 상황을 확인함으로서, 소규모 카메라 보안시스템으로도 보다 많은 보안영역을 감시할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 최종적으로 실시간으로 긴급 상황에 대해 파악과 대처가 가능한 무선네트워크 기반의 영상보안시스템에 대하여 연구 및 구현을 통하여 검증하였다.

Kim's Femoral Stem의 임상적 고찰

김영민(Young Min Kim),김희중(Hee Joong Kim),진종수(Jong Soo Jin),문영완(Young Wan Moon) 대한정형외과학회 1991 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.26 No.5