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국소환경 모델을 이용한 초미세먼지(PM2.5) 노출 기여율 평가
신지훈(Jihun Shin),최영태(Yongtae Choe),김동준(Dongjun Kim),민기홍(Gihong Min),우재민(Jaemin Woo),김동준(Dongjun Kim),신정현(Junghyun Shin),조만수(Mansu Cho),성경화(Kyeonghwa Sung),이종대(Jongdae Lee),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2022 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.48 No.2
Background: Since people move through microenvironments rather than staying in one place, they may be exposed to both indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the exposure level of each sub-population group and evaluate the contribution rate of the major microenvironments. Methods: Exposure scenarios for sub-population groups were constructed on the basis of a 2019 Time-Use survey and the previous literature. A total of five population groups were classified and researchers wearing MicroPEM simulated monitoring PM2.5 exposure concentrations in real-time over three days. The exposure contribution for each microenvironment were evaluated by multiplying the inhalation rate and the PM2.5 exposure concentration levels. Results: Mean PM2.5 concentrations were 33.0 µg/m3 and 22.5 µg/m3 in Guro-gu and Wonju, respectively. When the exposure was calculated considering each inhalation rate and concentration, the home showed the highest exposure contribution rate for PM2.5. As for preschool children, it was 90.8% in Guro-gu, 94.1% in Wonju. For students it was 65.3% and 67.3%. For housewives it was 98.2% and 95.8%, and 59.5% and 91.7% for office workers. Both regions had higher exposure to PM2.5 among the elderly compared to other populations, and their PM2.5 exposure contribution rates were 98.3% and 94.1% at home for Guro-gu and Wonju, respectively. Conclusions: The exposure contribution rate could be dependent on time spent in microenvironments. Notably, the contribution rate of exposure to PM2.5 at home was the highest because most people spend the longest time at home. Therefore, microenvironments such as home with a higher contribution rate of exposure to PM2.5 could be managed to upgrade public health.
Size and morphological analyses of ultrasonicated hydrogen-producing granules using a simple method
Shin, Seung Gu,Ahn, Yongtae,Park, Chanhyuk,Choi, Yun-Kyu,Cho, Hong-Mok,Cho, Si-Kyung Elsevier 2019 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.44 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a quick and robust method using automated image analysis was suggested to analyze the size and the shape of biological granules. To verify this method, 6917 hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>)-producing granule samples were scrutinized without any special equipment, and the results were statistically (ANOVA, <I>t</I>-test) interpreted at 95% confidence level to examine the effects of low-strength (LS) ultrasonication and effluent recirculation on the granular size and morphology. The fluctuations of both the size and roundness were identified even under same operating conditions. Both LS ultrasonication and effluent recirculation led to a 14% larger mean granular size. In contrast, LS ultrasonication but not recirculation significantly affected the roundness of H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing granules. The findings of this study successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed methodology, which can be a useful tool to analyze different types of biogranules.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A simple method to estimate granular morphology was suggested and demonstrated. </LI> <LI> 6917 H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing granules were scrutinized by the new method. </LI> <LI> The results were statistically (ANOVA, <I>t</I>-test) interpreted at 95% confidence level. </LI> <LI> Both low-strength ultrasonication and recirculation led to larger H<SUB>2</SUB> granules. </LI> <LI> Ultrasonication alone significantly affected the roundness of H<SUB>2</SUB> granules. </LI> </UL> </P>
링구조-기반을 이용한 신뢰성있는 그룹통신과 그룹관리 시스템의 설계
신용태 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.25 No.2
In this paper, we propose a family of reliable group communication protocols using the ring based infrastructure. These group communication protocols guarantee atomic and total ordering of group communication messages in multiple process groups. Process group consists of a number of processes which are the destinations of a group message. Process group is treated as a unique entity from an applications point of view. Each group from a ring infrastructure which is distributively constructed. Ring infrastructure is also defined distributively at each process: a process knows only its predecessor and successor of a ring. We also propose a design of group management systems. We define several group service primitives which provides an interface between application layer and our group communication layer.