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황태연,유병철,정귀언,정수진,김성준,배기택,손혜숙,이종태,전진호,엄상화 인제대학교 2001 仁濟醫學 Vol.22 No.1
Objectives: Under the fee-for-service system, Korean hospitals have been suffering from the worsening profitability caused by law medical care fees. To overcome the difficulties, they have maximized the quantity of medical services and made relatively large investment in developing new medical services using high-priced medical equipment, medicines and medical supplies which were not covered by medical insurance system rather than reduced running costs. Materials and Methods: This study was made to analyze and forecast the revenue change of the department of Obstetrics and gynecology of an university hospital in Seoul, expecting the implementation of DRG system in 2000. Results: The results were as follows : 1.During the first two days of hospitalization. 41% of total medical service fee was occurred, which was thought that most of the check-ups and operations were made during this period. After two days of hospitalization, the new occurrence of medical service fee tended to reduce. 2.Out of total medical service fee, 67% of admission fee was occurred after 5 days of hospitalization. This was because medical service fees in obstetrics and gynecology department occurred during the first 5 days of hospitalization. 3.Out of fees for operation, treatment, medical supplies and blood transfusion. 71% was occurred during the first two days. 4. In case of fees for examination, 50% was occurred during the first two days. 5.A total of 53% of fees for medication and injection was occurred during the first 5 days. Conclusions: By the implementation of the DRG system, the income is forecast to increase by 800 won to 310,000 won by the disease group of obstetrics and gynecology department. To increase hospital income with the implementation of DRG system, the results of this study suggest that examinations should be done at out-patient departments before the hospitalization of patient, the discharge of patient should be noticed in advance to reduce the period of hospitalization, and admission appointment system should be implemented for the immediate operation and delivery.
Peptide Synthetase의 활성 Adenylate 형성 Domain의 발현
김연옥,김기영,이성,이영행,유병수 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.1
본 연구에서는 typrocidine synthetase 1(tycA)를 motif-I에서 motif-O까지 결실시킨후 E. coli에 발현시켜 효소의 activity를 측정한 결과 motif-I에서 motif-O까지는 aminoadenylate 형성 과정에서 필수적인 부위가 아님을 규명하였다. 이 결과는 in vitro 실험을 통해 발표된 효소의 AMP binding(C-motif) Adenine binding(E-motif) 및 ATP binding(F-motif) 대한 연구를 뒷바침 할 수 있는 좋은 결과로 사료되고 있다. 위와같은 연구들을 통해 생체활성물질을 생성하는 multienzyme을 보다 더 잘 이해할 수 있으며 또한 이 합성효소들을 유전자 조작에 의한 새로운 효소 디자인 및 설계에 유용한 자료가 될 것이고, 아울러 위의 방법들을 응용할 경우 신물질을 개발할 수 있는 하나의 좋은 방법이 될 것이다. The plasmid pK8 was constructed to verify the existence of an adenylate domain in peptide synthetase by using pGC12. 1.2 kb fragment, coding typrocidine synthetase 1 (123 kDa) was deleted, and 79.6 kDa one was expressed in Escherichia coli XL1-blue. The truncated multienzyme activated phenylalanine and substrate analogues with comparable kinetics as the over expressed synthetase. ATP-[^32]PPi exchange reaction was measured for the enzyme assay.
Lee, Soo-Yoen,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Hwang, Ko-Eun,Song, Dong-Heon,Choi, Min-Sung,Ham, Youn-Kyung,Choi, Yun-Sang,Lee, Ju-Woon,Lee, Si-Kyung,Kim, Cheon-Jei Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.3
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of kimchi powder and onion peel extract on the quality characteristics of emulsion sausage manufactured with irradiated pork. The emulsion sausages were formulated with 2% kimchi powder and/or 0.05% onion peel extract. The changes in pH value of all treatments were similar, depending on storage periods. The addition of kimchi powder increased the redness and yellowness of the emulsion sausage. The addition of onion peel extract decreased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value of the emulsion sausages prepared with irradiated pork. The volatile basic nitrogen value of the emulsion sausage prepared with kimchi powder was the highest, whereas that of the emulsion sausage prepared with onion peel extract was the lowest. The treatment without kimchi powder or onion peel extract and the treatments prepared with onion peel extract showed lower microbial populations than the other treatment. Sensory evaluations indicated that a higher acceptability was attained when kimchi powder was added to the emulsion sausages manufactured with irradiated pork. In conclusion, our results suggest that combined use of kimchi powder and onion peel extract could improve quality characteristics and shelf stability of the emulsion sausage formulated with irradiated pork during chilled storage.
Antioxidants of new compounds from marine Algae prevent cell death of endothelial cells
Lee, Ji Yoen,Lee, Mi Hwa,Park, Hae Ryoun,Choi, Jae Soo,Seo, Hong Suk,An, Won Gun,Choi, Won Chul 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Cytosolic oxidation by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE) and tert0butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) results in cell death of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). In this study, we have investigated the roles of antioxidants such as 2,3,6-tribromo-4.5-dihydroxy benzyl methyl ether (TDB) and phloroglucinol in preventing cell death. After treatment with oxidants for 6h, cells became compact and showed nuclear condensation, which were characteristics of early apoptosis. After 12h treatment, morphologic features including severe cytoplasm condensation, membrane blebbing, and apoptotic bodies were prominent and these findings were interpreted as characteristics of late-apoptosis. When the apoptotic cells were treated with antioxidants for 12h, both early and late apoptotic cells did show no significant change. After oxidant treated cells were incubated with antioxidant for 24h, the characteristics of early-apoptosis were eliminated but cells in late-apoptosis could not return to normal cells. These results suggest that TDB and phloroglucinol prevent the cells from dying through apoptosis induced by 4HNE and t-BHP in early stage.
Studies on Cd and Zn Removal Ability and Detoxification of Oenanthe stolonifera
Lee,Soo Yoen,Lee,In Sook 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 이화환경연구 Vol.1 No.-
수질 정화능이 뛰어난 정수 식물로서 국내에서 자생하고 식용으로 널리 재배되는 미나리를 이용하여 수질 및 토양내의 중금속 오염정도를 biomonitoring할 수 있는지에 중점을 두어 중금속제거능 및 내성기작의 일부인 금속결합단백질(MBP) 에 대해 조사하였다. 중금속 제거능은 4일동안 단일 처리(Cd, Zn) 와 혼합처리(Cd+Zn)하여 제거율을 비교하였으며, 제거 경향도 조사하였다. Cd의 경우는 단일 처리시 (82.9%)가 혼합처리시(76.8%)보다 제거율이 높게 나왔고, Zn도 90.4%, 75%로 단일 처리시 높게 나타났다. 이것은 혼합처리가 단일 처리시보다 더 독성효과가 커지는 상승작용에 기인하여 제거율이 떨어지는 것으로 사료된다. 중금속의 종류에 따라 초기 제거율이 다른데 Cd는 처리 1일째에서 60% 이상이었고, Zn은 처리 4일째에 75∼90%의 제거율을 보였다. 중금속 내성을 보이는 동안 처리조 배양액의 pH 변화 및 뿌리의 MBP를 조사한 결과, 실험기간 동안 중금속 처리구는 대조구와 비교해서 배양액을 산성화했는데, 이는 중금속 노출시 뿌리에서 피층 세포로부터 유기산을 분비하여 독성으로부터 보호하고 적응하는 내성작용의 일부인 것으로 생각된다. 중금속 독성에 대한 근본적인 내성을 나타낼 수 있게 한 MBP유도를 column chromatography를 통해 70부근과 80부근의 분획에서 확인하였고, Zn-enzyme pool은 40∼50분획에서 존재함을 알수 있었다. 본 연구는 미나리의 중금속 제거능이 미나리의 내성에 의한 결과임을 밝혔고, 수질의 중금속 오염 biomarket로서 MBP를 이용할 수 있으리라는 가능성을 제시하고 있다. To examine the possibility of biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution in water and soil, a study was performed to investigate the heavy metal removal ability and metal-binding protein(MBP) as detoxification process using Oenanthe stolonifera. After O. stolonifera was exposed to individuals (cadmium, zinc) and mixture(cadmium+zinc) for 4 days, removal rate of heavy metal and pH in the treatment medium was measured. MBP was assayed by means of ion exchange column chromatography. The exposrue to mixture (Cd:76.8%, Zn:75%) rather than individuals(Cd:82.9%, Zn:90.4%0 showed a synergism raising the toxic effect. Initial removal rate was different for each heavy metal: in case of exposure to cadmium it was over 60% on day 1, while for zinc it was 75∼90% on day 4. throughout the experimental period, pH value of treatment medium continuously decreased, since cortex in the roots may secret organic acid to adjust and prevent toxicity of metals. The existence of MBP in the 70∼80 fraction and the presence of Zn-enzyme pool was ascertained with the column chromatography. This study demonstrated a possibility that heavy metal removal ability of O. stolonifera resulted from detoxification process and MBP could be utilized as a biomarket of heavy metal pollution.
이연수 ( Yoen-soo Lee ),정한결 ( Han-kyeol Jung ) 대한무용학회 2018 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.76 No.1
The study examines promising characterized majors in arts, dance and other fields and outlook for future occupation in order to explore the possibility for characterization of dance education in a university. The study looks into the possibility for characterization of dance education in the university. It is important to attempt ‘creative convergence' to utilize the high technologies keeping pace with the 4th Industrial Revolution, to try the dance education to emphasize the physical and mental health. The study will become the basic data in cultivating excellent talents and in deciding the direction for characterization of university dance education and will become the foundation for the way to successful dance education.
Jung, Hae Yoen,Cho, Hyundeuk,Oh, Mee-Hye,Lee, Ji-Hye,Lee, Hyun Ju,Jang, Si-Hyong,Lee, Moon Soo The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2015 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.15 No.1
Purpose: Recent studies have revealed recurrent alterations in the cell adhesion gene FAT4, a candidate tumor suppressor gene, in cancer. FAT atypical cadherin 4 (FAT4) is a transmembrane receptor involved in the Hippo signaling pathway, which is involved in the control of organ size. Here, we investigated the loss of FAT4 expression and its association with clinicopathological risk factors in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We assessed the expression of FAT4 by using immunohistochemistry on three tissue microarrays containing samples from 136 gastric cancer cases, radically resected in the Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital between July 2006 and June 2008. Cytoplasmic immunoexpression of FAT4 was semi-quantitatively scored using the H-score system. An H-score of ${\geq}10$ was considered positive for FAT4 expression. Results: Variable cytoplasmic expressions of FAT4 were observed in gastric cancers, with 33 cases (24.3%) showing loss of expression (H-score <10). Loss of FAT4 expression was associated with an increased rate of perineural invasion (H-score <10 vs. ${\geq}10$, 36.4% vs. 16.5%, P=0.015), high pathologic T stage (P=0.015), high tumor-node-metastasis stage (P=0.017), and reduced disease-free survival time (H-score <10 vs. ${\geq}10$, mean survival $62.7{\pm}7.3$ months vs. $79.1{\pm}3.1$ months, P=0.025). However, no association was found between the loss of FAT4 expression and tumor size, gross type, histologic subtype, Lauren classification, lymphovascular invasion, or overall survival. Conclusions: Loss of FAT4 expression appears to be associated with invasiveness in gastric cancer.