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Triterpenoid saponins from Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) O. Kuntze and their biological activity
Yin-Di Zhu,Jing-Yi Hong,Feng-Da Bao,Na Xing,Ling-Tian Wang,Zhong-Hao Sun,Yun Luo,Hai Jiang,Xudong Xu,Nai-Liang Zhu,Hai-Feng Wu,Gui-Bo Sun,Jun-Shan Yang 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.12
Four new ursane-type triterpenoid saponins, clinopoursaponins A–D (1–4), six new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, clinopodiside VII–XII (5–10), as well as eight known triterpene analogues (11–18), were isolated from the aerial parts of Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) O. Kuntze. The structures of the new compounds were determined based on extensive spectral analyses, including 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D NMR experiments (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, 2D TOCSY, HSQC-TOCSY and HMBC), HR-ESI-MS and chemical methods. Compounds 1–18 were evaluated for their protective effects against anoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells and cytotoxicities against murine mammary carcinoma cell line 4T1. Compounds 8, 9 and 18 exhibited significant protective effects, while compound 1 exhibited cytotoxic activity with IC50 value of 7.4 μm compared to 7.6 μm for the positive control 10-hydroxycamptothecin.
Genetic Effects of Polymorphisms in Myogenic Regulatory Factors on Chicken Muscle Fiber Traits
Yang, Zhi-Qin,Qing, Ying,Zhu, Qing,Zhao, Xiao-Ling,Wang, Yan,Li, Di-Yan,Liu, Yi-Ping,Yin, Hua-Dong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.6
The myogenic regulatory factors is a family of transcription factors that play a key role in the development of skeletal muscle fibers, which are the main factors to affect the meat taste and texture. In the present study, we performed candidate gene analysis to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the MyoD, Myf5, MyoG, and Mrf4 genes using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism in 360 Erlang Mountain Chickens from three different housing systems (cage, pen, and free-range). The general linear model procedure was used to estimate the statistical significance of association between combined genotypes and muscle fiber traits of chickens. Two polymorphisms (g.39928301T>G and g.11579368C>T) were detected in the Mrf4 and MyoD gene, respectively. The diameters of thigh and pectoralis muscle fibers were higher in birds with the combined genotypes of GG-TT and TTCT (p<0.05). Moreover, the interaction between housing system and combined genotypes has no significant effect on the traits of muscle fiber (p>0.05). Our findings suggest that the combined genotypes of TT-CT and GG-TT might be advantageous for muscle fiber traits, and could be the potential genetic markers for breeding program in Erlang Mountain Chickens.