Optically anisotropic microlens array film directly formed on a single substrate

Ren, Hongwen,Xu, Su,Liu, Yifan,Wu, Shin-Tson The Optical Society 2013 Optics express Vol.21 No.24

The effects of deletion of cellobiohydrolase genes on carbon source-dependent growth and enzymatic lignocellulose hydrolysis in Trichoderma reesei

Ren Meibin,Wang Yifan,Liu Guoxin,Zuo Bin,Zhang Yuancheng,Wang Yunhe,Liu Weifeng,Liu Xiangmei,Zhong Yaohua 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.8

The saprophytic fungus Trichoderma reesei has long been used as a model to study microbial degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. The major cellulolytic enzymes of T. reesei are the cellobiohydrolases CBH1 and CBH2, which constitute more than 70% of total proteins secreted by the fungus. However, their physiological functions and effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose substrates are not sufficiently elucidated. Here, the cellobiohydrolase-encoding genes cbh1 and cbh2 were deleted, individually or combinatively, by using an auxotrophic marker-recycling technique in T. reesei. When cultured on media with different soluble carbon sources, all three deletion strains (Δcbh1, Δcbh2, and Δcbh1Δcbh2) exhibited no dramatic variation in morphological phenotypes, but their growth rates increased apparently when cultured on soluble cellulase-inducing carbon sources. In addition, Δcbh1 showed dramatically reduced growth and Δcbh1Δcbh2 could hardly grew on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), whereas all strains grew equally on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), suggesting that the influence of the CBHs on growth was carbon source-dependent. Moreover, five representative cellulose substrates were used to analyse the influence of the absence of CBHs on saccharification efficiency. CBH1 deficiency significantly affected the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of various cellulose substrates, where acid pre-treated corn stover (PCS) was influenced the least. CBH2 deficiency reduced the hydrolysis of MCC, PCS, and acid pre-treated and delignified corncob but improved the hydrolysis ability of filter paper. These results demonstrate the specific contributions of CBHs to the hydrolysis of different types of biomass, which could facilitate the development of tailor-made strains with highly efficient hydrolysis enzymes for certain biomass types in the biofuel industry.

Site-specific N-glycosylation identification of recombinant human lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1)

Yifan Qian,Xingwang Zhang,Lei Zhou,Shifang Ren,Jianxin Gu 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

Human LOX-1/OLR 1 plays a key role in atherogenesis and endothelial dysfunction. The N-glycosylation of LOX-1 has been shown to affect its biological functions in vivo and modulate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the N-glycosylation pattern of LOX-1 has not been described yet. The present study was aimed at elucidating the N-glycosylation of recombinanthuman LOX-1 with regard to N-glycan profile and N-glycosylation sites. Here, an approach using nonspecific protease (Pronase E) digestion followed by MALDI-QIT-TOF MS and multistage MS (MS3) analysis is explored to obtain site-specificN- glycosylation information of recombinanthuman LOX-1, in combination with glycan structure confirmation through characterizing released glycans using tandem MS. The results reveal that N-glycans structures as well as their corresponding attached site of LOX-1 can be identified simultaneously by direct MS analysis of glycopeptides from non-specific protease digestion. With this approach, one potential glycosylation site of recombinanthuman LOX-1 on Asn139 is readily identified and found to carry heterogeneous complex type N-glycans. In addition, manual annotation of multistage MS data utilizing diagnostic ions, which were found to be particularly useful in defining the structure of glycopeptides and glycans was addressed for proper spectra interpretation. The findings described herein will shed new light on further research of the structure-function relationships of LOX-1 N-glycan.

Depth Up-Sampling via Pixel-Classifying and Joint Bilateral Filtering

( Yannan Ren ),( Ju Liu ),( Hui Yuan ),( Yifan Xiao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.7

In this paper, a depth image up-sampling method is put forward by using pixel classifying and jointed bilateral filtering. By analyzing the edge maps originated from the high-resolution color image and low-resolution depth map respectively, pixels in up-sampled depth maps can be classified into four categories: edge points, edge-neighbor points, texture points and smooth points. First, joint bilateral up-sampling (JBU) method is used to generate an initial up-sampling depth image. Then, for each pixel category, different refinement methods are employed to modify the initial up-sampling depth image. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the blurring artifact with lower bad pixel rate (BPR).

CaRotid Artery Filtering Technique (CRAFT): A Technique for Carotid Artery Stenting with Intrinsic Embolic Protection

Michelle Foo,Yifan Ren,Jay Gajera,Christen D Barras,Hong Kuan Kok,Ashu Jhamb,Hussein Abbouchie,Julian Maingard,Duncan Mark Brooks,Hamed Asadi 대한신경중재치료의학회 2021 Neurointervention Vol.16 No.3

Purpose: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is an established treatment for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy. A variety of techniques and devices have been devised to minimise periprocedural stroke risk using either proximal or distal embolic protection. This study presents a method of embolic protection during CAS–the CaRotid Artery Filtering Technique (CRAFT). Materials and Methods: The CRAFT technique employs aspects of both proximal and distal embolic protection. The CASPER RX stent (MicroVention, Tustin, CA, USA), which is a double-layered, closed-cell, micromesh nitinol stent, is deployed across the carotid artery stenosis with the assistance of a FlowGate balloon guide catheter (Stryker Neurovascular, Fremont, CA, USA). The partially deployed stent acts as a distal filter while the balloon guide is deflated midway during stent deployment to prevent distal plaque embolisation, followed by completion of stent deployment and angioplasty. Results: A total of 94 patients underwent CAS using the CRAFT technique between June 2016 and March 2021. Successful stent deployment was achieved in all patients. Preliminary results demonstrated acute stent occlusion in 6 patients (6.4%) and distal embolic stroke in 5 patients (5.3%). The median procedural fluoroscopy time was 34 minutes with an interquartile range of 22 to 55 minutes. Conclusion: The CRAFT technique of CAS presented by this study can be applied in the treatment of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis in both emergency and elective procedure settings with a high technical success and low distal embolic stroke risk.

Effects of Selenizing Codonopsis pilosula Polysaccharide on Macrophage Modulatory Activities

( Tao Qin ),( Zhe Ren ),( Dandan Lin ),( Yulong Song ),( Jian Li ),( Yufang Ma ),( Xuehan Hou ),( Yifan Huang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.8

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the immune-enhancing activity of selenizing Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (sCPPS5) in nonspecific immune response. In in vitro experiment, the results showed that sCPPS5 could promote the phagocytic uptake, NO production, and TNF-α and IL-6 secretion of RAW264.7 cells. sCPPS5 could also strongly increase the IκB-α degradation in the cytosol and the translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit into the nucleus of RAW264.7 cells. In the vivo experiment, sCPPS5 at medium doses could significantly improve the phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages and induce the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, the effect of sCPPS5 was significantly better than Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPPS). These results indicated that selenylation modification could significantly enhance the immune-enhancing activity of CPPS in the nonspecific immune response.

The Woven EndoBridge Device for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Initial Clinical Experience within an Australian Population

Jay Gajera,Julian Maingard,Michelle Foo,Yifan Ren,Anthony Lamanna,Daniel Nour,Jonathan Hall,Dylan Kurda,David Tan,Shivendra Lalloo,Ramon Martin Francisco Bañez,Jeremy Russell,Lee-Anne Slater,Ronil Vik 대한신경중재치료의학회 2022 Neurointervention Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: Advances in endovascular technology have expanded the treatment options for intracranial aneurysms. Intrasaccular flow diversion is a relatively new technique that aims to disrupt blood inflow at the neck of the aneurysm, hence promoting intrasaccular thrombosis. The Woven EndoBridge device (WEB; MicroVention, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA) is an US Food and Drug Administration approved intrasaccular flow diverter for wide-necked aneurysms. We report the early interim clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with both ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) treated using the WEB device in an Australian population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was done of patients with ruptured or unruptured IAs who received treatment with WEB across 5 Australian neuroendovascular referral centers between May 2017 and November 2020. Angiographic occlusion was assessed with time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography. Complications were recorded and clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin scale at follow-up. Results: In total, 66 aneurysms were treated in 63 patients, with successful deployment of the WEB device in 98.5% (n=65). Eighteen (26.9%) ruptured aneurysms were included. Failure of deployment occurred in a single case. Adjunct coiling and/or stenting was performed in 20.9% (n=14) cases. Sixty-two patients with 65 aneurysms using a WEB device were followed up (mean=9.1 months), and 89.4% of these had complete aneurysm occlusion while 1.5% remained patent. Functional independence was achieved in 93.5% of cases. Conclusion: Early results following the use of WEB devices in Australia demonstrate safety and adequate aneurysm occlusion comparable to international literature.

Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms Using the Novel Low Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support EVO Stent: Multicenter Early Feasibility Experience

Michelle Foo,Julian Maingard, BBiomedSci,Jonathan Hall,Yifan Ren,Goran Mitresk, BBiomed,Lee-Anne Slater,Ronil Chandra,Winston Chong,Ashu Jhamb,Jeremy Russell,Hong Kuan Kok,Mark Brooks,Hamed Asadi 대한신경중재치료의학회 2021 Neurointervention Vol.16 No.2

Purpose Low-profile, self-expandable stents have broadened therapeutic options available for definitive treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The novel Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) EVO stent extends upon the success of its predecessor, the LVIS Jr stent, aiming to enable higher visibility and greater opening ability within a self-expandable and fully retrievable microstent system. In this study, we aim to report the early safety and feasibility experience with the LVIS EVO stent. Materials and Methods A multicenter, retrospective, observational study was conducted on patients who had intracranial aneurysms treated with the LVIS EVO stent across 3 Australian neurovascular centers between February 2020 and September 2020. Short-term technical and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results A total of 22 LVIS EVO stents were successfully implanted to treat 15 aneurysms (3 ruptured, 12 unruptured) in 15 patients. Aneurysms ranged from 2 mm to 35 mm in dome height. The LVIS EVO stent was used for stent-assisted coiling in 11 patients and flow diversion in 4 patients. There were no device-related procedural complications. There were 2 cases of peri-procedural symptomatic thromboembolic complications and no procedure-related mortality. At early radiological follow up, 10 patients had complete occlusion, 4 patients had small neck remnants, and 1 patient who was managed with flow diversion had a residual aneurysm. Conclusion Early experience with the LVIS EVO stent demonstrated safety and feasibility for stent-assisted coiling as well as flow diversion for intracranial aneurysms. In this heterogeneous cohort, including ruptured, complex, and large aneurysms, all cases were technically successful.