ON FACTORIZATIONS OF THE SUBGROUPS OF SELF-HOMOTOPY EQUIVALENCES

Shi, Yi-Yun,Zhao, Hao Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회지 Vol.45 No.4

For a pointed space X, the subgroups of self-homotopy equivalences $Aut_{\sharp}_N(X)$, $Aut_{\Omega}(X)$, $Aut_*(X)$ and $Aut_{\Sigma}(X)$ are considered, where $Aut_{\sharp}_N(X)$ is the group of all self-homotopy classes f of X such that $f_{\sharp}=id\;:\;{\pi_i}(X){\rightarrow}{\pi_i}(X)$ for all $i{\leq}N{\leq}{\infty}$, $Aut_{\Omega}(X)$ is the group of all the above f such that ${\Omega}f=id;\;Aut_*(X)$ is the group of all self-homotopy classes g of X such that $g_*=id\;:\;H_i(X){\rightarrow}H_i(X)$ for all $i{\leq}{\infty}$, $Aut_{\Sigma}(X)$ is the group of all the above g such that ${\Sigma}g=id$. We will prove that $Aut_{\Omega}(X_1{\times}\cdots{\times}X_n)$ has two factorizations similar to those of $Aut_{\sharp}_N(X_1{\times}\cdots{\times}\;X_n)$ in reference [10], and that $Aut_{\Sigma}(X_1{\vee}\cdots{\vee}X_n)$, $Aut_*(X_1{\vee}\cdots{\vee}X_n)$ also have factorizations being dual to the former two cases respectively.

On factorizations of the subgroups of self-homotopy equivalences

Yi-Yun Shi,Hao Zhao 대한수학회 2008 대한수학회지 Vol.45 No.4

For a pointed space X, the subgroups of self-homotopy equivalences Aut#N (X), Aut­Ω(X), Aut*(X) and Aut∑(X) are considered, where Aut#N (X) is the group of all self-homotopy classes f of X such that f# = id : πi(X) → πi(X) for all i ≤ N ≤ ∞, AutΩ­(X) is the group of all the above f such that ­Ωf = id; Aut*(X) is the group of all selfhomotopy classes g of X such that g* = id : Hi(X) → Hi(X) for all i ≤ ∞, Aut∑(X) is the group of all the above g such that ∑g = id. We will prove that AutΩ­(X₁×...×Xn) has two factorizations similar to those of Aut#N (X₁×...×Xn) in reference [10], and that Aut§(X₁∨...∨Xn), Aut*(X₁∨...∨ Xn) also have factorizations being dual to the former two cases respectively. For a pointed space X, the subgroups of self-homotopy equivalences Aut#N (X), Aut­Ω(X), Aut*(X) and Aut∑(X) are considered, where Aut#N (X) is the group of all self-homotopy classes f of X such that f# = id : πi(X) → πi(X) for all i ≤ N ≤ ∞, AutΩ­(X) is the group of all the above f such that ­Ωf = id; Aut*(X) is the group of all selfhomotopy classes g of X such that g* = id : Hi(X) → Hi(X) for all i ≤ ∞, Aut∑(X) is the group of all the above g such that ∑g = id. We will prove that AutΩ­(X₁×...×Xn) has two factorizations similar to those of Aut#N (X₁×...×Xn) in reference [10], and that Aut§(X₁∨...∨Xn), Aut*(X₁∨...∨ Xn) also have factorizations being dual to the former two cases respectively.

Oleanolic Acid Inhibits Neuronal Pyroptosis in Ischaemic Stroke by Inhibiting miR-186-5p Expression

Shi-Chang Cai,Xiu-Ping Li,Xing Li,Gen-Yun Tang,Li-Ming Yi,Xiang-Shang Hu 한국뇌신경과학회 2021 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.30 No.6

Ischaemic stroke is a common condition leading to human disability and death. Previous studies have shown that oleanolic acid (OA) ameliorates oxidative injury and cerebral ischaemic damage, and miR-186-5p is verified to be elevated in serum from ischaemic stroke patients. Herein, we investigated whether OA regulates miR-186-5p expression to control neuroglobin (Ngb) levels, thereby inhibiting neuronal pyroptosis in ischaemic stroke. Three concentrations of OA (0.5, 2, or 8 μM) were added to primary hippocampal neurons subjected to oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R), a cell model of ischaemic stroke. We found that OA treatment markedly inhibited pyroptosis. qRT–PCR and western blot revealed that OA suppressed the expression of pyroptosis-associated genes. Furthermore, OA inhibited LDH and proinflammatory cytokine release. In addition, miR-186-5p was downregulated while Ngb was upregulated in OA-treated OGD/R neurons. MiR-186-5p knockdown repressed OGD/R-induced pyroptosis and suppressed LDH and inflammatory cytokine release. In addition, a dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-186-5p directly targeted Ngb. OA reduced miR-186-5p to regulate Ngb levels, thereby inhibiting pyroptosis in both OGD/R-treated neurons and MCAO mice. In conclusion, OA alleviates pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro by downregulating miR-186-5p and upregulating Ngb expression, which provides a novel theoretical basis illustrating that OA can be considered a drug for ischaemic stroke.

Toroidal rotation profile structure in KSTAR L-mode plasmas with mixed heating by NBI and ECH

Shi, Y.J.,Ko, S.H.,Kwon, J.M.,Ko, W.H.,Diamond, P.H.,Yi, S.,Ida, K.,Lee, K.D.,Jeong, J.H.,Seo, S.H.,Hahn, S.H.,Yoon, S.W.,Bae, Y.S.,Terzolo, L.,Yun, G.S.,Bitter, M.,Hill, K. IOP 2016 Nuclear fusion Vol.56 No.1

<P>The structure of the toroidal rotation profile with mixed heating by neutral beam injection (NBI) and electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH) has been investigated in KSTAR L-mode plasmas. ECH with varying resonance layer positions was used for heating a mix control. The experimental results show that ECH causes a counter-current rotation increment both for off-axis and on-axis ECH heating. For L-mode plasmas, off-axis ECH produces larger counter-current rotation than on-axis ECH. Analysis of ion heat and momentum transport for the ECH L-mode plasmas shows that the electron temperature gradient is the main reason for the degradation of ion heat confinement and also the main driving force for the non-diffusive momentum flux. As a possible mechanism for the counter-current intrinsic torque with ECH, the transition of the turbulence mode from ion temperature gradient (ITG) to the trapped electron mode (TEM) with the resulting sign change of turbulence driven residual stress is suggested. A linear gyro-kinetic analysis shows the ITG  →  TEM transition occurs in a localized region during ECH injection, and the trend of TEM excitation is consistent with the observed macroscopic trend of the toroidal rotation.</P>

Ethanol but not Aqueous Extracts of Tubers of Sauromatum Giganteum(Engl.) Cusimano and Hett Inhibit Cancer Cell Proliferation

Gao, Shi-Yong,Li, Jun,Wang, Long,Sun, Qiu-Jia,Gong, Yun-Fei,Gang, Jian,Su, Yi-Jun,Ji, Yu-Bin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24

Background: Both alcohol and aqueous extracts of Sauromatum giganteum(Engl.) Cusimano and Hett, the dried root tuber of which is named Baifuzi in Chinese, have been used for folklore treatment of cancer in Northeast of China. However, little is known about which is most suitable to the cancer therapy. Materials and Methods: Serum pharmacology and MTT assays were adopted to detect the effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Sauromatum giganteum(Engl.) Cusimano and Hett, prepared by heat reflux methods, on proliferation of different cancer cells. Results: Cancer cells treated with medium supplemented with 10%, 20%, 40% serum(v/v) containing ethanol extract had a decline in viability, with inhibition rates of 7.69%, 21.8%, 41.9% in MCF-7 cells, 42.8%, 48.1%, 51.8% in SGC-7901 cells, 44.1%, 49.2%, 53.7% in SMMC-7721 cells, 6.8%, 15.2%, 39.8% in HepG2 cells, 7.57%, 16.3%, 36.2% in HeLa cells, 6.24%, 12.5%, 27.4% in A549 cells, and 7.20%, 17.5%, 31.3% in MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. Viability in the aqueous extract groups was no different with that of controls. Conclusions: An ethanol extract of Sauromatum giganteum(Engl.) Cusimano and Hett inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721, SGC-7901 and MCF-7 cells, which supports the use of alcoholic but not aqueous extracts for control of sensive cancers, which might include hepatocarcinoma, gastric cancer and breast cancer.

Overexpression of miR-155-5p Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of IL-13-Induced Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells by Suppressing TGF-β-Activated Kinase 1/MAP3K7-Binding Protein 2

Yujia Shi,Xingli Fu,Qi Cao,Zhengdao Mao,Yi Chen,Yun Sun,Zhiguang Liu,Qian Zhang 대한천식알레르기학회 2018 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.10 No.3

Purpose: Molecular mechanisms leading to asthma is still ill-defined. Though the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in asthma was previously reported, the involvement of miR-155 in important features of this disease remains unknown. The present study was designed to uncover the probable involvement of miR-155-5p in the proliferation and migration of IL-13-induced human bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) and the intrinsic regulatory mechanism. Methods: The effects of different concentrations of IL-13 on the proliferation and migration of BSMCs as well as the expression of miR-155-5p and its predicted target transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-activated kinase 1/MAP3K7-binding protein 2 (TAB2) were investigated. The effects of miR-155-5p on the proliferation and migration of interleukin (IL)-13-induced BSMCs was determined in vitro using BSMCs transfected with miR-155 mimic/inhibitor and induced by a high concentration of IL-13. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed for determining the expression of miR-155-5p and TAB2. Western blotting was applied to analyze the expression of TAB2 at the protein level. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays, respectively. Results: The proliferation and migration of BSMCs were dose-dependently increased with IL-13 treatment. Contrariwise, IL-13 dose-dependently inhibited the expression of miR-155-5p in BSMCs. Mechanistic studies showed that inhibition of miR-155-5p further promoted the stimulatory effects of IL-13, whereas overexpression of miR-155 significantly inhibited these effects. In silico studies and luciferase reporter assays indicated that TAB2 was a negatively regulated miR-155-5p target. Conclusions: These results suggested that miR-155-5p-inhibit the IL-13-induced proliferation and migration of BSMCs by targeting TAB2 and that the IL-13/miR-155/TAB2 pathway could serve as a therapeutic target for pulmonary diseases, especially asthma.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of NLRP12 Gene and Association with Non-specific Digestive Disorder in Rabbit

Liu, Yun-Fu,Zhang, Gong-Wei,Xiao, Zheng-Long,Yang, Yu,Deng, Xiao-Song,Chen, Shi-Yi,Wang, Jie,Lai, Song-Jia Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.8

The NLRP12 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 12) serves as a suppressor factor in the inflammatory response and protects the host against inflammation-induced damage. In the present study, we aimed to study the polymorphisms of NLRP12 gene and its association with susceptibility to non-specific digestive disorder (NSDD) in rabbits. We re-sequenced the entire coding region of the rabbit NLRP12 gene and detected a total of 19 SNPs containing 14 synonymous and five non-synonymous variations. Among them, the coding SNP (c.1682A>G), which would carry a potential functional implication, was subsequently subjected to genotyping for case-control association study (272 cases and 267 controls). The results revealed that allele A was significantly protective against NSDD with an odds ratio value of 0.884 (95% confidence interval, 0.788 to 0.993; p = 0.038). We also experimentally induced NSDD in growing rabbits by feeding a fibre-deficient diet and subsequently investigated NLRP12 mRNA expression. The mRNA expression of NLRP12 in healthy status was significantly higher than that in severe NSDD (p = 0.0016). The highest expression was observed in individuals carrying the protective genotype AA (p = 0.0108). These results suggested that NLRP12 was significantly associated with the NSDD in rabbits. However, the precise molecular mechanism of NLRP12 involving in the development of rabbit NSDD requires further research.

GROUND OBSERVATIONS OF SPRITES AND OTHER TLES IN TAIWAN

WANG YUN-CHING,HSU RUE-RON,SU HAN-TZONG,CHEN ALFRED BING-CHIH,LEE YI-JEN,KUO CHENG-LING,TSAY WEAN-SHUN,CHANG CHAN-KAO,WANG SHI-CHUN,LEE LOU-CHUANG,LIU TIE-YUE The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2

Sprites, elves and blue jets are collectively denominated as the upper atmospheric transient luminous events (TLEs). They are recently discovered optical flashes between active thunderstorms and the ionosphere. In this report, a brief introduction to the most important characteristics of TLEs is given. Since 2001, scientists from the National Cheng Kung University have been performing yearly summer campaigns from various locations in Taiwan. The main achievements of their yearly campaign are presented.

Dynamic Evolution of public risk perception in major public health emergencies: Analysis based on Weibo data during COVID-19

Duan Yun-xia,Wang Rui,Sun Yu-mei,Chen Yi-shi,Fan Xin-yue,Sun Hong-yu 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Clinicopathological Features and Immunohistochemical Alterations of Keratinocyte Proliferation, Melanocyte Density, Smooth Muscle Hyperplasia and Nerve Fiber Distribution in Becker`s Nevus

( Ping Sheng ),( Yun-long Cheng ),( Chuan-chuan Cai ),( Wei-jin Guo ),( Ying Zhou ),( Ge Shi ),( Yi-ming Fan ) 대한피부과학회 2016 Annals of Dermatology Vol.28 No.6

Background: Although Becker`s nevus (BN) is a relatively common disease, the systematic studies of clinicopathological and immunohistochemical results are poorly reported. Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical alterations of keratinocyte proliferation, melanocyte density, smooth muscle hyperplasia and nerve fiber distribution in BN. Methods: Clinical and pathological data were collected in 60 newly-diagnosed BN cases. Immunohistochemical stain of Ki-67, Melan-A, keratin 15, smooth muscle actin and protein gene product 9.5 was performed in 21 cases. Results: The median diagnostic and onset age was 17 and 12 years, respectively. Skin lesions usually appeared on the upper trunk and upper limbs. The pathological features included the rete ridge elongation and fusion and basal hyperpigmentation. Epidermal Ki-67, Melan-A and keratin 15 expression and dermal nerve fiber length were significantly higher in lesional and perilesional skin than in normal skin (p<0.05∼0.01), while smooth muscle actin expression was upregulated only in skin lesion (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although the clinical diagnosis of BN is often straightforward, histopathology is helpful to differentiate from other pigmentary disorders. The hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, melanocytes, arrector pili muscle and dermal nerve fibers could be involved in the patho-genesis of BN. (Ann Dermatol 28(6) 697∼703, 2016)