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Chou, Yi-Hsuan,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Chen, Shiao-Shing,Yu, Jui-Hsuan,Peng, Ching-Yu,Li, Chi-Wang Elsevier 2018 Separation and purification technology Vol.198 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A chemical reduction process was proposed to recover copper from the retentate of polyelectrolyte enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF). Three polyelectrolytes (PSS, PAA, and PEI) containing various functional groups and molecular weights were studied to explore their effects on the copper removal in PEUF and on the copper recovery by chemical reduction under various pH conditions. With PSS which contains sulfonic group, copper was removed reasonably well (ca. 75%) by PEUF even under acidic pH value of 3. With PAA which contains carboxylic group, copper removal was a bit low (∼60%) under pH 3.0 but increased substantially at pH 4.0. A branched PEI having amine group achieved the highest Cu removal of 94% at pH 3. The copper removal efficiency decreased slightly with increasing pH due to the high permeation of PEI through membrane.</P> <P>Chemical reduction achieved the complete copper recovery for solution containing PSS. The copper recovery efficiencies were more than 95% for PAA solution with pH values ranging from 3 to 9 at reaction time of one hour. For PEI, the recovery efficiencies ranged from 20 to 96% and were pH dependent. Aggregated and settled readily copper particles were produced by chemical reduction in PSS solution. XRD analysis identified cuprous oxide in all of the samples. Dependent of pH and polyelectrolytes, additional peaks matching those of elemental copper were identified. TGA analysis showed that solids produced from PSS and PAA systems contained no polyelectrolytes while solid collected from PEI system contained 32% of polyelectrolyte.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Polyelectrolytes with different functional groups and MW were applied in PEUF. </LI> <LI> Effects of polyelectrolytes and pH on the reduction of copper were studied. </LI> <LI> Both Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O and Cu<SUP>0</SUP> were identified by XRD analysis of solids obtained. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Ya, Vinh,Martin, Natacha,Chou, Yi-Hsuan,Chen, Yi-Ming,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Chen, Shiao-Shing,Li, Chi-Wang Elsevier 2018 Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engine Vol.83 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Surface finishing wastewater having low pH (∼2) and high conductivity (>11 mS/cm) was treated by electrocoagulation (EC) or electrochemical Fenton (ECF) processes using sacrificial iron anodes. Under the same theoretical Fe dosage, the effects of electrolytic time, initial pH, and current density on the simultaneous removal of organic and heavy metal were investigated. A complete metal removal was achieved even at the low current density of 24.2 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and short electrolytic time of 4 min, whereas approximately 40% of chemical oxygen demand was removed. Increasing the electric current density did not improve removal efficiencies, but consumed more electric energy. Low current conditions produced a brown color sludge associated with ferric hydroxide. On the contrary, a greenish color sludge was created at a high current due to the formation of ferrous hydroxide. The formation of ferrous hydroxide impacted the treated water quality. The ECF was employed to overcome the low COD removal by the EC, achieving >67% of COD removal. The costs of ECF processes were slightly greater than that of chemical coagulation, but achieving a lot greater heavy metal removals. ECF process can be a promising method for simultaneous removal of heavy metal and organics from complex industrial wastewater.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Organics and metal removals by electrochemical treatments using Fe were studied. </LI> <LI> Fe(II)/Fe(III) distribution depended on current density, reaction time, and solution pH. </LI> <LI> The lower in electric current density, the better in energy efficiency. </LI> <LI> Electrochemical Fenton enhanced organic removal unachieved by electrocoagulation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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A Genetic Analysis of Taoyuan Pig and Its Phylogenetic Relationship to Eurasian Pig Breeds
Li, Kuan-Yi,Li, Kuang-Ti,Cheng, Chun-Chun,Chen, Chia-Hsuan,Hung, Chien-Yi,Ju, Yu-Ten Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.4
Taoyuan pig is a native Taiwan breed. According to the historical record, the breed was first introduced to Taiwan from Guangdong province, Southern China, around 1877. The breed played an important role in Taiwan's early swine industry. It was classified as an indigenous breed in 1986. After 1987, a conserved population of Taoyuan pig was collected and reared in isolation. In this study, mitochondrial DNA sequences and 18 microsatellite markers were used to investigate maternal lineage and genetic diversity within the Taoyuan pig population. Population differentiation among Taoyuan, Asian type, and European type pig breeds was also evaluated using differentiation indices. Only one D-loop haplotype of the Taoyuan pig was found. It clustered with Lower Changjiang River Basin and Central China Type pig breeds. Based on the polymorphism of microsatellite markers, a positive fixation index value ($F_{IS}$) indicates that the conserved Taoyuan population suffers from inbreeding. In addition, high $F_{ST}$ values (>0.2105) were obtained, revealing high differentiation among these breeds. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling showed a clear geometric structure among 7 breeds. Together these results indicate that maternally Taoyuan pig originated in the Lower Changjiang River Basin and Central China; however, since being introduced to Taiwan differentiation has occurred. In addition, Taoyuan pig has lost genetic diversity in both its mitochondrial and nuclear genomes.
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Yi-Hsuan Chen,Yi-Hsiang Lai,Ping-Heng Wu,Li-Syuan Chen,Yung-Sen Lin,Chih-Ming Chen 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.83 No.-
Surface metallization of polymer substrate andfilm adhesion are crucial to the development offlexibleelectronics. This study demonstrates the co-silanization engineering on the polyimide (PI)film by mutualintercropping of two organosilane molecules to improve their grafting orientability and enhance theadsorbability toward the PI substrate and loaded metal atoms. The mutual intercropping-inspired cosilanizationengineering is implemented by using 3-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]pyridine (TEP) as asupporting organosilane to spatially confine the grafting orientation of the supported aminosilane, 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyl-trimethoxysilane (ETAS), leading to the formation of a wellorientedorganosilane composite nanolayer as adhesion promotion layer forflexible conductors. Theflexible Cu conductor electrolessly deposited on the PIfilm by co-silanization shows improved adhesionstrength (0.9 kgf/cm) compared to those based on mono-silanization (0.51 kgf/cm) and sputtered Ta/Cu(0.4 kgf/cm). Superior deformability (bendability) was also achieved for the co-silanized Cu/PI sample byretaining good electrical property after bending cycle up to 1000.
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A Genetic Analysis of Taoyuan Pig and Its Phylogenetic Relationship to Eurasian Pig Breeds
Kuan-Yi Li,Kuang-Ti Li,Chun-Chun Cheng,Chia-Hsuan Chen,Chien-Yi Hung,Yu-Ten Ju 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.4
Taoyuan pig is a native Taiwan breed. According to the historical record, the breed was first introduced to Taiwan from Guangdong province, Southern China, around 1877. The breed played an important role in Taiwan’s early swine industry. It was classified as an indigenous breed in 1986. After 1987, a conserved population of Taoyuan pig was collected and reared in isolation. In this study, mitochondrial DNA sequences and 18 microsatellite markers were used to investigate maternal lineage and genetic diversity within the Taoyuan pig population. Population differentiation among Taoyuan, Asian type, and European type pig breeds was also evaluated using differentiation indices. Only one D-loop haplotype of the Taoyuan pig was found. It clustered with Lower Changjiang River Basin and Central China Type pig breeds. Based on the polymorphism of microsatellite markers, a positive fixation index value (FIS) indicates that the conserved Taoyuan population suffers from inbreeding. In addition, high FST values (>0.2105) were obtained, revealing high differentiation among these breeds. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling showed a clear geometric structure among 7 breeds. Together these results indicate that maternally Taoyuan pig originated in the Lower Changjiang River Basin and Central China; however, since being introduced to Taiwan differentiation has occurred. In addition, Taoyuan pig has lost genetic diversity in both its mitochondrial and nuclear genomes.
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Ya, Vinh,Guillou, Esther Le,Chen, Yi-Ming,Yu, Jui-Hsuan,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Chuang, Sheng-Ming,Lee, Shou-Jen,Li, Chi-Wang Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL- TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Vol.87 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A novel sacrificial anode comprised of scrap iron packed inside a cage made of titanium mesh was developed for Cr(VI) reduction. With electric currents applied, the surface passivation of scrap iron electrode could be avoided. Due to the large surface area with open structures provided, the applied current densities (1.18–3.54 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) were low, resulting in low operating voltage and energy consumption. Complete Cr(VI) removal was achieved with electric currents applied, whereas only 20% of the Cr(VI) was removed without electricity. Direct Cr(VI) reduction on the iron surface was a dominant mechanism for the system operated at low (0.25 A) or no current. Acidic pH levels were more effective in Cr(VI) removal, due to more adsorption of Cr(VI) onto the precipitated Fe hydroxide. The trend in total Cr removal was almost the same as that of Cr(VI) removal, but time required to complete total Cr removal was extended. With intermittent electricity supply at a high electric current intensity, the energy consumption of the system was more efficient. Using scrap iron as a sacrificial anode under the intermittent current condition can save 72–77% of the total operational costs required by the conventional plate electrode.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel anode packed with scrap iron inside a Ti mesh was used for reducing Cr(VI). </LI> <LI> Electroplating wastewater containing Cr(VI) and Ni(II) was treated. </LI> <LI> Current intensity and initial pH affect the Cr(VI) reduction pattern significantly. </LI> <LI> Intermittent but high electric current supply saved 72–77% of the operating costs. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Does Labor Market Rigidity Matter for Economic Performance? Evidence from the Four Asian Tigers
Li-Hsuan Huang,Julia Hsin-Yi Huang 한국학술연구원 2013 Korea Observer Vol.44 No.3
With the increments of labor market institutions, the potential problem caused by labor market rigidity is emerging within the four Asian tigers, namely, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. This study emphasizes the impact of labor market rigidity on economic performance in the four Asian tigers over the 1980-2010 period. Through the estimation of the aggregate production function, we find that labor market rigidity has a negative impact on output and economic growth. On the other hand, without imposing any labor market institutional adjustment that would lower the standard of labor conditions, the rises in country’s competitiveness can serve as a balancing force to mitigate the negative impacts of labor market rigidity. A crucial insight for policymakers is to determine the most efficient method for giving labor effective protection without hurting economic performance.
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Yi-Hsuan Hung,Sheng-Chin Hung,Chien-Hsueh Chiang,Yiming Li 한국정보디스플레이학회 2016 Journal of information display Vol.17 No.2
A short rise time, short fall time, and small ripple are required to reduce the misoperation of pixel data voltage and to improve the stable signal processing of a driver circuit. In this study, a novel amorphous silicon gate (ASG) driver circuit consisting of 15 hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (a-Si:H TFTs) and two capacitors was optimized using a thin-film transistor (TFT)-circuitsimulation- based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm on the unified optimization framework . The ASG circuit was optimized for the following given specifications: rise time <0.7 μs; fall time <0.6 μs; ripple peak <6.5 V; clock Ctotal <40 pf; and total TFT widths <6000 μm. The main findings of this study show that the rise time had an 18% reduction and that the fall time, total widths, and clock Ctotal had 7, 17.5, and 9% reductions, respectively.
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