漢語特質與文化對應系列硏究之二 : 單音節詞根

楊靜宜(Yang Ching-Yi),紀智仁(Chi Chih-Jen) 동아인문학회 2009 동아인문학 Vol.15 No.-

The article is about "Chinese monosyllabic stem" along with central thoughts of "Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication". The author deeply researched on the Chinese monosyllabic morpheme by used stem's capability in word-formation to explore the Chinese monosyllabic stem's flexibility, deductive features and interpretation of social and cultural structure changes. The article explained the Chinese lexicon would continually develop and change with characteristics of the times, culture accumulation; it is the mentality and logic of the Han nationality. "Stem" is the basic meaning of the lexicon, stem morpheme really have a certain significance, together with other morpheme constitutes a compound word (phrase) which also contained its main meaning of the Lexicon. Language is the carrier of history and culture, it stored and mapping a long historical development in the process of creation, all kinds of cultural knowledge accumulated of a nation. Looking at the Chinese lexicon development trend is: On-going neologism creation; word-formation gradually complete; Disyllabic trend more conspicuous. This demonstrated that the Chinese monosyllabic stem is the foundation of Chinese Language neologism, which is the ever-changing conform to social and cultural diversity and the evolution of changing. This article continuing the fundamental logic of Monosyllabic stem on calligraphy and Pressed-flowers art creation. From a simple line as the beginning of the artistic spirit, and open to the vivid landscape paintings with the metamorphosis forms of the realm of large pieces of scenery, all the development reflected back to the "Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication". The rule of changing is sourced from "isolated" nature of the complex and sophisticated derivatives. The core of article addressed the Word Family are created from the most primitive, basic, fundamental spirit of the simplest "Chinese monosyllabic stem", and extended and throughout continually with no limitation. The law of changing is rather seemingly dramatic and spontaneous and yet under an elusive deterministic order which all sourced from "Chinese monosyllabic stem" theory.

Controlled Release of Clenbuterol from a Hydroxyapatite Carrier for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Yi-Wen Lin,Chih-Hsiang Fang,Ya-Jyun Liang,Ching-Yun Yang,Wei-Ting Kuo,Feng-Huei Lin 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, and Aβ aggregation is considered to be the central process implicated in its pathogenesis. Current treatments are faced by challenges such as serious side effects and reduced drug bioavailability. In this study, we developed a drug delivery system for intramuscular injection that uses cellular activity to achieve constant and long-term drug release. Methods Synthesized mesoporous hydroxyapatite (SHAP) was prepared via co-precipitation, and hydrophobic surface modification using stearic acid was then used to load clenbuterol by physical absorption, thus creating the drug delivery system. Clenbuterol release was achieved through cellular activity, with macrophage uptake triggering lysosome/endosome disruption, cytoplasmic release, extracellular exocytosis, and subsequent systemic circulation. Results We found that clenbuterol-loaded SHAP enabled sustained release for more than 2 weeks and effectively modulated inflammation, reduced Aβ oligomer-induced toxicity, and prevented Aβ aggregation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that treatment with clenbuterol loaded in this SHAP delivery system could be a promising strategy for treating Alzheimer’s disease.

Preventing Bone Loss and Weight Gain with Combinations of Vitamin D and Phytochemicals

Ching-Yi Lai,Jeong-Yeh Yang,Srujana Rayalam,Mary Anne Della-Fera,Suresh Ambati,Richard D. Lewis,Mark W. Hamrick,Diane L. Hartzell,Clifton A. Baile 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.11

Vitamin D and certain natural compounds have been shown to regulate both lipid metabolism and bone formation. Treatments that prevent or reverse age-related increase in bone marrow adiposity could both increase new bone formation and inhibit bone destruction. We tested the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with combinations of vitamin D and phytochemicals inhibits bone loss and decreases adiposity to a greater extent than control or vitamin D–alone diets. Aged ovariectomized female rats (12 months old, n=50, initial body weight=240 g) were given control (AIN-93M diet), vitamin D (2,400 IU/kg), or vitamin D plus resveratrol (16, 80, or 400 mg/kg of diet [low, medium, and high dose, respectively]), quercetin (80, 400, or 2,000 mg/kg of diet), and genistein (64, 256, or 1,040 mg/kg of diet) for 8 weeks. The high-dose treatment (vitamin D+400 mg/kg resveratrol+2,000 mg/kg quercetin+1,040 mg/kg genistein) reduced body weight gain (P<.05) and the fat pad weights (P<.05). This treatment also increased the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (P<.05) and the bone mineral content of the femur. Micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analyses indicated that the high-dose treatment prevented loss of trabecular bone (P<.05) and reduced marrow adipocytes (P<.001) and osteoclasts (P<.05) compared with the control and vitamin D alone (P<.05). We conclude that aged ovariectomized female rats supplemented with vitamin D combined with genistein, quercetin, and resveratrol had improved bone mineral density and reduced body weight gain and a significant decrease in bone marrow adipocytes. The synergistic effects of a combination of phytochemicals with vitamin D may be effective in reducing bone loss and weight gain after menopause.

Performance Improvement with a Combined Scheme of Rapid Thermal Annealing and Multi-channel Structure for Poly-Si TFTs with Various Device Dimensions

Ching-Lin Fan,Yi-Yan Lin,Yan-Hang Yang 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.8

This study presents a combined scheme of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and multi-channel structure for improving the performance of polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin film transistors (TFTs). Results show that RTA treatment can improve device performance by decreasing the number of in-grain defects and improving the quality of the gate oxide. The multi-channel structure improves the electrical characteristics of the poly-Si TFTs by decreasing the number of grainboundary defects. Thus, the combined scheme can effectively reduce defect states and improve the gate-oxide’s quality simultaneously, resulting in a significant improvement in the performance of poly-Si TFTs. In addition, the performance improvement is particularly apparent for the TFTs with a thinner gate oxide and smaller channel length. Therefore, the proposed scheme is a good candidate for improving the electrical characteristics of TFTs for use in small-to-medium size displays.

Human Response Capability and Customer Relationship Management Advantage: The Direct, Indirect, and Interactive Roles of Information Technology Service Application

Yi-Feng Yang,Ching-Yaw Chen,Yu-Je Lee,Shyh-Hwang Lee 동아시아경상학회 2014 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.2 No.3

The main purpose of this study intends to study the theoretical interconnection between human response capability and customer relationship management advantage while considering the essential role of service application of information technology as direct, indirect (mediating), and interactive (moderating) influences in the theory. Based on the study sample, the new findings help comprehend the overall interconnected relationship which includes the direct and indirect (mediating) effects of information technology service capability and human response capability as well as their interaction (moderation) on customer relationship management advantage. The new insights interprets the two capabilities (human and information technology) are vital to business because they are the foundation set of service resources significantly to enhance customer relationship management advantage. Keywords: human response capability, information

LONG-TERM VARIATION STUDY OF CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES WITH PALOMAR TRANSIENT FACTORY

YANG, MICHAEL TING-CHANG,CHOU, YI,HU, CHIN-PING,SU, YI-HAO,HSIEH, HUNG-EN,LIN, CHING-PING,CHUANG, PO-SHENG,LIAO, NAI-HUI The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2

The Palomar Transient Factory is a project making use of a Schmidt 48 inch telescope located on the Palomar Mountain, which is surveying the sky with dynamical cadences. It was deployed in 2009 and the observed sky region is over 1200 square degrees. We have studied the long-term periodic variabilities of the known galactic cataclysmic variables (CVs). More than 20 of the sources had been found to have long term periodic signals, ranging from several tens of days to several hundreds of days. Some possible scenarios are proposed to explain the results, such as a magnetic field change of the companion star, precession of the accretion disk, triple systems and superoutburst cycles. Some preliminary discussion will be presented in this article.

CHARACTERIZING THE TIME-FREQUENCY PROPERTIES OF THE 4 Hz QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATION AROUND THE BLACK HOLE X-ray BINARY XTE J1550-564

SU, YI-HAO,CHOU, YI,HU, CHIN-PING,YANG, TING-CHANG,HSIEH, HUNG-EN,CHUANG, PO-SHENG,LIN, CHING-PING,LIAO, NAI-HUI The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2

We present the results from analysis of the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) for the 4 Hz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) around the black hole X-ray binary XTE J1550-564. The resultant Hilbert spectra demonstrate that the QPO is composed of a series of intermittent signals appearing occasionally. From the analysis of the HHT, we further found the distribution of the lifetimes for the intermittent oscillations and the distribution for the time intervals with no significant signal (the break time). The mean lifetime is 1.45 s and 90% of the oscillation segments have lifetimes less than 3.1 s whereas the mean break time is 0.42 s and 90% of break times are less than 0.73 s. We conclude that the intermittent feature of the QPO could be explained by the Lense-Thirring precession model and rules out interpretations of continual frequency modulation.

Examining the Predictors of Turnover Behavior in Newly Employed Certified Nurse Aides: A Prospective Cohort Study

Chen Hsiao-Ching,Wang Jiun-Yi,Lee Ya-Chen,Yang Shang-Yu 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.2

Background: The turnover rate of nurse aides in Taiwan is high. However, the predictors of turnover behavior in the newly employed are still unclear. Objective: To examine the predictors of turnover behavior in newly employed licensed nurse aides. Methods: A longitudinal study design was used and subjects were newly employed certified nurse aides from a nurse aid training association in Taiwan. A total of five questionnaire surveys were conducted. The questionnaire was mainly used to collect information on turnover behavior, personal socioeconomic background, workplace psychosocial hazards, worker health hazards, and musculoskeletal disorders. Results: A total of 300 participants were recruited in the study. Cox regression analysis results showed that short working experience (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.21, p < 0.01), work as non-home nurse aides (HR = 0.58, p = 0.01), low monthly salary (HR = 0.68, p < 0.01), high work mental load (HR = 1.01, p = 0.01), low workplace justice (HR = 0.97, p < 0.01), high workplace violence (HR = 1.60, p < 0.01), high burnout (HR = 1.01, p = 0.04), poor mental health (HR = 1.06, p = 0.04), and high total number of musculoskeletal disorder sites (HR = 1.08, p = 0.01) contribute to a higher risk of turnover. Conclusion: The results indicated that employment period, work as a home nurse aide, monthly salary, work mental load, workplace justice, workplace violence, work-related burnout, mental health, and total number of musculoskeletal disorder sites are predictors of turnover behavior in newly employed certified nurse aides.

Cardiovascular Medication Use and Risk of Acute Exacerbation in Patients With Asthma-COPD Overlap (CVACO Study)

Su Vincent Yi-Fong,Ko Szu-Wen,Chang Yuh-Lih,Chou Yueh-Ching,Lee Hsin-Chen,Yang Kuang-Yao,Chou Kun-Ta,Hsu Chia-Chen 대한천식알레르기학회 2022 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: Current clinical guidelines are unclear regarding the association of cardiovascular medication with the risk of acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study by interrogating the claims database of Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Patients with coexistent fixed airflow limitation and asthma were enrolled as an ACO cohort between 2009 and 2017. Exposure to cardiovascular medications, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), non-selective beta-blockers, cardioselective beta-blockers, dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and non-DHP CCBs, in 3-month period each served as time-dependent covariates. Patients receiving a cardiovascular medication ≥ 28 cumulative daily doses were defined as respective cardiovascular medication users. Patients were followed up until December 31, 2018. The primary endpoint was severe AE, defined as hospitalization or emergency department visit for either asthma, COPD, or respiratory failure. The secondary outcome was moderate AE. Results: The final study cohort consisted of 582 ACO subjects, with a mean follow-up period of 2.98 years. After adjustment, ARB (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–0.93, P = 0.019), cardioselective beta-blocker (HR, 0.29, 95% CI, 0.11–0.72, P = 0.008) and DHP CCB (HR, 0.66, 95% CI, 0.45–0.97, P = 0.035) therapies were associated with lower risks of severe AE. ARB (HR, 0.42, 95% CI, 0.30–0.62, P < 0.001) and DHP CCB (HR, 0.55, 95% CI, 0.38–0.80, P = 0.002) therapies were associated with lower risks of moderate AE. Cardioselective beta-blockers, ARBs, and DHP CCBs were associated with lower risks of severe AE in frequent exacerbators. ACEI, non-selective beta-blocker, or non-DHP CCB use did not change the risk of severe AE. Conclusions: ARB, cardioselective beta-blocker, and DHP CCB therapies may lower the risk of AE in patients with ACO.

Up-regulation of Bax and endonuclease G, and down-modulation of Bcl-XL involved in cardiotoxin III-induced apoptosis in K562 cells

Sheng-Huei Yang,Ching-Ming Chien,Mei-Chin Lu,Yi-Hsiung Lin,Xiu-Wei Hu,Shinne-Ren Lin 생화학분자생물학회 2006 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.38 No.4

Cardiotoxin III (CTX III), a basic polypeptide with 60 amino acid residues isolated from Naja naja atra venom, has been reported to have anticancer activity. CTX III-induced K562 cell apoptosis was confirmed by DNA fragmentation (DNA ladder, sub-G1 for-mation) and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization with an IC50 value of 1.7 g/ml at 48 h. A mechanistic analysis demonstrated that CTX III-induced apop-totic cell death was accompanied by up-regulation of both Bax and endonuclease G (Endo G), and downregulation of Bcl-XL. CTX III had no effect on the levels of Bcl-2, Bid, XIAP survivin, and AIF proteins. CTX III treatment caused loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm), release of mitochon-drial cytochrome c to the cytosol, and activation of both caspase-9 and -3. CTX III-induced apoptosis was significantly blocked by the broad-spectrum cas-pase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. However, CTX III did not generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and talase, did not block CTX III-induced apoptosis in K562 cells. Modulation of Bax, Bcl-XL, and the Endo G proteins, release of mitochondrial cytochome c, and activation of caspase-3 and -9 all are involved in the CTX III-triggered apoptotic process in human leukemia K562 cells.