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( Yesol Bak ),( Hui-joo Jang ),( Jong-woon Shin ),( Soo-jin Kim ),( Hyun Woo Chun ),( Ji-hye Seo ),( Su-hyun No ),( Jung-il Chae ),( Dong Hee Son ),( Seung Yeoun Lee ),( Jintae Hong ),( Do-young Yoon 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.4
The carcinogenicity of chemicals in the environment is a major concern. Recently, numerous studies have attempted to develop methods for predicting carcinogenicity, including rodent and cell-based approaches. However, rodent carcinogenicity tests for evaluating the carcinogenic potential of a chemical to humans are time-consuming and costly. This study focused on the development of an alternative method for predicting carcinogenicity using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and colon cancer stem cells. A toxicogenomic method, mRNA profiling, is useful for predicting carcinogenicity. Using microarray analysis, we optimized 16 predictive gene sets from five carcinogens (azoxymethane, 3,2’-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl, N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea, metronidazole, 4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone) used to treat colon cancer stem cell samples. The 16 genes were evaluated by qPCR using 23 positive and negative carcinogens in colon cancer stem cells. Among them, six genes could differentiate between positive and negative carcinogens with a p-value of ≤0.05. Our qPCR-based prediction system for colon carcinogenesis using colon cancer stem cells is cost- and time-efficient. Thus, this qPCR-based prediction system is an alternative to in vivo carcinogenicity screening assays.
Yang, Youjeong,Shin, Donghoon,Choi, Seunghyun,Woo, Yesol,Lee, Jong-Won,Kim, Dongseon,Shin, Hee-Young,Cha, Minjun,Yoon, Ji-Ho American Chemical Society 2017 Environmental science & technology Vol.51 No.6
<P>The crystal structure and guest inclusion behaviors of nitrous oxide–nitrogen (N<SUB>2</SUB>O–N<SUB>2</SUB>) binary gas hydrates formed from N<SUB>2</SUB>O/N<SUB>2</SUB> gas mixtures are determined through spectroscopic analysis. Powder X-ray diffraction results indicate that the crystal structure of all the N<SUB>2</SUB>O–N<SUB>2</SUB> binary gas hydrates is identified as the structure I (sI) hydrate. Raman spectra for the N<SUB>2</SUB>O–N<SUB>2</SUB> binary gas hydrate formed from N<SUB>2</SUB>O/N<SUB>2</SUB> (80/20, 60/40, 40/60 mol %) gas mixtures reveal that N<SUB>2</SUB>O molecules occupy both large and small cages of the sI hydrate. In contrast, there is a single Raman band of N<SUB>2</SUB>O molecules for the N<SUB>2</SUB>O–N<SUB>2</SUB> binary gas hydrate formed from the N<SUB>2</SUB>O/N<SUB>2</SUB> (20/80 mol %) gas mixture, indicating that N<SUB>2</SUB>O molecules are trapped in only large cages of the sI hydrate. From temperature-dependent Raman spectra and the Predictive Soave–Redlich–Kwong (PSRK) model calculation, we confirm the self-preservation of N<SUB>2</SUB>O–N<SUB>2</SUB> binary gas hydrates in the temperature range of 210–270 K. Both the experimental measurements and the PSRK model calculations demonstrate the preferential occupation of N<SUB>2</SUB>O molecules rather than N<SUB>2</SUB> molecules in the hydrate cages, leading to a possible process for separating N<SUB>2</SUB>O from gas mixtures via hydrate formation. The phase equilibrium conditions, pseudo-pressure–composition (<I>P</I>–<I>x</I>) diagram, and gas storage capacity of N<SUB>2</SUB>O–N<SUB>2</SUB> binary gas hydrates are discussed in detail.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2017/esthag.2017.51.issue-6/acs.est.6b05978/production/images/medium/es-2016-05978h_0008.gif'></P>
Yangwon Chae,Kwangsik Jang,Yesol Jo,Shamshik Shin,Sohi Kang,SeEun Kim,Kyung Mi Shim,Seong Soo Kang 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
Introduction Radio frequency technology has been developed as a noninvasive method to reduce subcutaneous fat. This study aimed to measure the safety and effectiveness of the radiofrequency fat reduction system (RF system). We evaluated the efficiency of heat transfer to the subcutaneous layer by using ex vivo model. And then, we tried to verify the safety of the RF system by measuring skin surface temperature changes and the effectiveness by evaluating histological changes in subcutaneous lipocytes in pigs. Materials & Methods The RF system was developed and manufactured by PolyBioTech co., Ltd., Gwangju, Republic of Korea. In ex vivo model, fresh pork containing skin, subcutaneous, and muscle layer was treated with the RF system at 43℃ or 40℃ for 15 minutes. The temperature changes in the cut section of the pork were measured during treatment. In in vivo model, a dorsal skin of pig was also treated with the RF system at 45℃ for 30 minutes. The skin surface temperature of the pig was measured before and after treatment. Moreover, the treated sites were biopsied and evaluated histologically immediately, 1 day, and 7 days after treatment. Results In ex vivo model, the skin surface temperature of the pork did not exceed the set temperature value for most of the treatment time. And as the treatment time progressed, the heat gradually transferred to the deep layer. In in vivo model, the skin surface temperature of the pig remained below the set for the entire treatment time. In histological evaluation, no skin damage was observed and the sizes of subcutaneous lipocytes in pigs had shrunken by 27.87% immediately after, 30.83% 1 day after, and 34.81% 7 days after treatment. Conclusion The RF system used in this study effectively reduced subcutaneous fat without side effects such as skin damage. Based on this, it is expected that safe and effective use of this system will be possible for non-invasive fat reduction.
How Extracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Reach Their Intracellular Targets in Plants
이유리,Jinsu Lee,Minsoo Han,Yesol Shin,Jung-Min Lee,Geon Heo 한국분자세포생물학회 2023 Molecules and cells Vol.46 No.6
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as secondary messengers that regulate various developmental and signal transduction processes, with ROS primarily generated by NADPH OXIDASEs (referred to as RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOGs [RBOHs] in plants). However, the types and locations of ROS produced by RBOHs are different from those expected to mediate intracellular signaling. RBOHs produce O2•− rather than H2O2 which is relatively long-lived and able to diffuse through membranes, and this production occurs outside the cell instead of in the cytoplasm, where signaling cascades occur. A widely accepted model explaining this discrepancy proposes that RBOH-produced extracellular O2•− is converted to H2O2 by superoxide dismutase and then imported by aquaporins to reach its cytoplasmic targets. However, this model does not explain how the specificity of ROS targeting is ensured while minimizing unnecessary damage during the bulk translocation of extracellular ROS (eROS). An increasing number of studies have provided clues about eROS action mechanisms, revealing various mechanisms for eROS perception in the apoplast, crosstalk between eROS and reactive nitrogen species, and the contribution of intracellular organelles to cytoplasmic ROS bursts. In this review, we summarize these recent advances, highlight the mechanisms underlying eROS action, and provide an overview of the routes by which eROS-induced changes reach the intracellular space.