가교화 찹쌀전분의 물리화학적 성질 및 유과제조 특성

유철(Chul Yu),최현욱(Hyun-Wook Choi),김종태(Chong-Tai Kim),안순철(Soon-Cheol Ahn),최성원(Sung-Won Choi),김병용(Byung-Yong Kim),백무열(Moo-Yeol Baik) 한국식품과학회 2007 한국식품과학회지 Vol.39 No.5

유과 제조 시 제조 시간을 단축할 수 있는 소재를 개발하기 위하여 찹쌀전분을 POCl3와 반응시켜 가교화 찹쌀전분을 제조하고 이들의 물리화학적 특성을 연구하였다. 가교화 찹쌀전분의 치환율은 0.04-2.73으로 나타났으며, 팽윤력은 일반 찹쌀전분에 비해 약간 증가되는 경향을 보였으며 용해도는 일반 찹쌀전분보다 낮은 경향을 보였다. 등온흡습곡선은 가교화에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 전분의 pasting 특성을 검토한 결과, 호화개시온도는 가교화에 따른 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 최대점도, holding strength, final viscosity, setback은 일반 찹쌀전분보다 높아지는 결과를 나타냈다. 열적특성은 호화개시온도, 최대호화온도, 호화종결온도 그리고 호화엔탈피 모두 각 전분간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. X-ray 회절 분석 결과로 볼 때, 가교화 찹쌀전분 및 일반 찹쌀전분 모두 A형의 결정 형태를 나타내었고, 상대적 결정화도의 차이가 나타나지 않는 것으로 보아 가교화가 찹쌀전분의 결정형영역에는 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 보여진다. 가교화 찹쌀전분을 사용하여 제조한 유과의 경우 일반 찹쌀을 장시간 침지한 후 제조한 시료와 비슷한 팽화율을 나타내었으며 시료의 변색 반응이 나타나지 않는 것으로 보아 유과 제조용 소재로서 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. In this study, waxy rice starch was chemically modified using phosphorous oxychloride (POCl₃, 0.002-0.008%). Then the physicochemical properties of resulting cross-linked waxy rice starches were investigated in order to reduce the steeping time of Yukwa (a Korean oil-puffed rice snack) processing. The swelling powers of the cross-linked waxy rice starch samples were higher than the native waxy rice starch at temperatures above 60℃, and their increases were proportional to the POCl₃ concentration. The solubility of the cross-linked waxy rice starch was lower (1.6-3.4%) than the native waxy rice starch (2.7-6.1%). However, the moisture sorption isotherm of the cross-linked waxy rice starch was not significantly different from the native waxy rice starch. The rapid visco analyzer (RVA) pasting temperatures (65.4-67℃) of the cross-linked waxy rice starch were lower than those of the native starch (67℃). The RVA peak viscosities (287-337 RVU) of the cross-linked waxy rice starch were higher than that of native starch (179 rapid visco units (RVU)), and increased with increasing POCl₃ concentration. For the differential scornning calorimeter thermal characteristics, although Tc shifted toward higher temperatures with cross-linking, the To, Tp, and amylopectin melting enthalpy of the cross-linked waxy rice starch showed no differences compared to the native waxy rice starch. The X-ray diffraction patterns of both the native and cross-linked waxy rice starches showed typical A-type crystal patterns, suggesting that cross-linking mainly occurs in the amorphous regions of starch granules. Therefore, the cross-linking reaction did not change the crystalline region, but altered the amorphous region of the waxy rice starch molecules, resulting in changes of solubility and RVA pasting properties in the cross-linked waxy rice starch. In summary, since cross-linked waxy rice starch has a high puffing efficiency and no browning reaction, it may be applicable for Yukwa processing without a long steeping process.

가교화 후 효소처리(CLE) 찹쌀 전분의 물리화학적 특성

유철(Chul Yu),김성우(Sung-Woo Kim),김종태(Chong-Tai Kim),최성원(Sung-Won Choi),김병용(Byung-Yong Kim),백무열(Moo-Yeol Baik) 한국식품과학회 2008 한국식품과학회지 Vol.40 No.3

찹쌀 전분을 가교화 후 4가지 상업용 α-amylase 효소와 반응시켜 CLE 찹쌀 전분을 제조하고 이들의 이화학적 특성을 연구하였다. CLE 찹쌀 전분의 팽윤력 및 용해도는 천연 찹쌀 전분에 비해 다소 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 등온흡습곡선에서는 CLE 처리에 따른 수분 감소현상을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. RVA특성을 검토한 결과 Termamyl과 Liquozyme으로 처리한 찹쌀 전분은 전반적으로 효소에 의한 가수분해가 강하게 진행되어 온도에 따른 점도의 변화가 크게 나타나지 않았으며, Fungamyl 과 Kleistase로 처리한 찹쌀 전분은 효소에 의한 가수분해가 상대적으로 미약하게 진행되어 가교화에 의한 특성을 더 많이 나타내었다. DSC 열적 특성의 경우 호화개시온도, 호화종결온도 그리고 호화온도범위, 호화 엔탈피 모두 각 전분간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. X-ray 회절 분석 결과 또한 CLE 찹쌀 전분과 천연 찹쌀 전분 모두 A형의 결정 형태를 나타내었고, 상대적 결정화도의 차이가 나타나지 않는 것으로 보아 가교화 및 가교화후 효소처리가 찹쌀 전분의 결정형영역에는 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 보여진다. This study examined the physicochemical properties of chemically and enzymatically cross-modified waxy rice starches. The waxy rice starch was cross-linked using phosphorous oxychloride, and then partially hydrolyzed with four commercial α-amylases (Fungamyl, Termamyl, Liquozyme, Kleistase). Swelling power and the moisture sorption isotherm did not change with cross-modification. Two cross-modified waxy rice starches (hydrolyzed with Termamyl and Liquozyme) showed higher solubilities than native starch and the two other cross-modified starches (hydrolyzed with Fungamyl and Kleistase). In terms of RVA characteristics, the two cross-modified waxy rice starches hydrolyzed with Termamyl and Liquozyme, respectively, had lower peak viscosity, holding strength, and final viscosity than the native starch. However, the two starches hydrolyzed with Fungamyl and Kleistase, respectively, revealed higher peak viscosity, holding strength, and final viscosity than the native starch. No differences were displayed in the X-ray diffraction patterns and DSC thermal characteristics of the cross-modified waxy rice starch as compared to both the native and cross-linked starches, indicating that cross-linking and enzymatic hydrolysis occurred in the amorphous region and did not alter the crystalline region.

Highly concentrated hylauornic acid filler effects in the usage of correcting nasolabial folds: a 24-month extension study

( Hyun Ji Kang ),( Tai Kyung Noh ),( Hye Rim Moon ),( Ji Su Yu ),( Sung Eun Chang ),( Ik Jun Moon ),( Sun Young Choi ),( Won Jong Oh ),( Chong Hyun Won ),( Beom Joon Kim ),( Yang Won Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: A six-month study using the novel hyaluronic acid (HA) filler, PP-501-B, presented improvement of nasolabial fold (NLF) with increased tolerability. Objectives: This study aims to report the long-term efficacy, durability, and safety of a highly more concentrated HA filler, PP-501-B, in the correction of NLFs. Methods: Subjects completing the initial 6-month study were enrolled in this 24-month extension, randomized, multicenter, patient/evaluator-blind, split-face study. The injection areas and treatment procedures were identical to the one used in the previous study - each subject was injected with PP-501-B in one NLF, and Restylane Perlane (Q-med) on the contralateral NLF. All participants were reassessed for wrinkle improvement (using 5-point Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale, WSRS) and changes in Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) at 12, 18, and 24 months after their initial treatment. Results: The study enrolled 81 patients; 72 completed the study. In both groups, the WSRS score significantly decreased from baseline throughout the follow-up period after the retreatment. There was no significant difference in the WSRS scores between the two groups at 24 month. Both fillers were well tolerated with neither severe complication nor adverse reactions. Conclusion: The new HA filler, PP-501-B, is safe and effective in the long-term usage of correcting moderate to severe nasolabial folds after a second treatment.

분산제어시스템을 위한 저잡음 SMPS의 설계 및 구현

정태현,박종태,유종근,Cheong, Tai-Hyun,Park, Jong-Tae,Yu, Chong-Gun 한국전기전자학회 2008 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.12 No.1

본 논문에서는 기존 산업분야에 사용되고 있는 제품을 대체 할 수 있는 효율적인 SMPS를 설계하고 구현하였다. 기존의 분산제어시스템에서 사용하고 있는 SMPS의 성능을 분석하기 위하여 입력전압 및 부하 변동에 따른 출력 값 변화, 리플전압과 잡음 전압의 최대값 등을 측정하고 분석하였다. 그 결과 기존의 SMPS는 스위칭 주파수가 17KHz로 가청잡음이 발생하며, 하나의 변압기로 전 출력을 인출하였고, 출력선로에 경보 로직 회로를 구성하고 있기 때문에 전류가 흐를 수 있는 동박면(Pattern)이 부족하고 잡음이 크게 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 스위칭 주파수를 70KHz로 높이고, 경보회로 부분과 PWM 제어회로 부분을 하위의 보드(Sub-board)로 처리하여 전류가 흐를 수 있는 동박면을 충분히 확보하였다. 그 결과 모든 설정 조건에서 기존의 SMPS보다 잡음이 32% 이하로 감소하며, 입력전압변동 및 부하변동 특성이 향상되는 것을 실험을 통해 확인할 수 있었다. In this paper, a new efficient SMPS has been designed and implemented. It can replace the existing product that is widely used in industry. To investigate the performance of the conventional SMPS, the output voltage changes due to variations in the input voltage and the load conditions, and the ripple and noise voltages have been measured and analyzed. As a result, it has been confirmed that the noise in the conventional SMPS is severe due to the deficiency of patterns for current. This is because the conventional SMPS draw out all outputs using one transformer and the alarm logic exists in the output path. To solve this problem, the switching frequency is increased from 17KHz to 70KHz and the current patterns are fully guaranteed by separating the alarm circuit and PWM circuit as a sub-board from the main board. Measurement results shows that the output noise of the designed SMPS decreases below 32% of the conventional SMPS noise for various test conditions, and both the line and load regulations are improved.

담석증 진단에 대한 초음파와 경구담낭조영술의 비교

기춘석 ( Choon Suhk Kee ),강종명 ( Chong Myung Kang ),박경남 ( Kyung Nam Park ),정태유 ( Tai Yu Chung ),박찬현 ( Chan Hyun Park ),박영규 ( Young Kyu Park ) 대한내과학회 1981 대한내과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

COPOLYMER-MEDIATED FABRICATION OF VERSATILE ELECTRO-ACTIVE AND INFLAMMATION ATTENUATING SUBSTRATES FOR BIOLOGICAL INTERROGATION

EDWARD K. CHOW,BENJAMIN CHU,GENHONG CHENG,YU-CHONG TAI,ERIK PIERSTORFF,DEAN HO 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2007 NANO Vol.2 No.6

Serving as platforms for both cellular interrogation as well as biomembrane mimicry, biotic–abiotic functionalized materials, such as block copolymeric membranes, offer the opportunity for tailored biology, where specific embedded functionalities can be rapidly engineered, on demand, without the need for genetic processing. These versatile materials enable rapid, thin film deposition of a plethora of biologically-relevant materials at the air–water interface given their amphiphilic properties, meaning that they possess alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic components. This property confers to these materials the ability to be transferred to a wide range of substrates and materials, further enhancing their interfacial versatility. In addition, their biologically-inert, and tunable, thickness-dependent insulating properties serve as ideal bio-active substrates while maintaining the functionality of the integrated molecule (e.g., protein, effector molecule, etc.). Here, we report the application of a polyethyleneoxide–polymethylmethacrylate (PEO–PMMA) diblock and polymethyloxazoline–polydimethylsiloxane–polymethyloxazoline (PMOXA–PDMS–PMOXA) triblock copolymers as molecular anchors for tethering a broad spectrum of materials. These include carbon nanotubes for the fabrication of bioelectrodes to measure cytochrome c-mediated oxidation-reduction, as well as the anti-inflammatory molecule, dexamethasone, for the suppression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in murine macrophages. As such, this work demonstrates the versatility, and broad applicability and impact of this platform approach towards the fabrication of multifunctional arrays of biologically-active surfaces for experimentation ranging from bio-electroactivity to studies of cellular immunity.